围手术期阿托伐他汀治疗对冠状动脉旁路移植术后心房颤动的控制

目的探讨围手术期口服阿托伐他汀降脂药对冠状动脉旁路移植（coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG）术后患者心房颤动（atrial fibrillation,AF）的控制。方法298例行CABG术连续患者,根据围手术期是否予以阿托伐他汀药物分为他汀组及对照组各149例,分析比较两组术后心房颤动发生情况及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血脂水平变化。结果用统计学软件SPSS13.0处理,计数资料应用χ2检验或校正χ2,计量资料应用t检验,P值〈0.05认为差异有统计学意义。结果他汀组和对照组在病史特点、手术操作及围手术期参数方面无统计学差异。术后房颤65例,总发生率21.8%,他汀组（14.8%）和对照组（28.9%）差异有显著统计学意义（χ2=8.677,P=0.003）。两组相比,他汀组症状性房颤发生率及房颤持续时间较对照组减少,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.471,P=0.019;t=4.142,P=0.014）。Hs-CRP在两组中变化相似,术后3d水平最高,术后1周逐渐降低,术后3个月均能控制在正常低水平。对照组术后3d及1周较术前相比均有显著升高,差异具有统计学意义（t=1.746和2.818,P〈0.05）。同期比较,他汀组术后3d及1周hs-CRP显著低于对照组（t=16.344和6.029,P〈0.05）。他汀组和对照组血总胆固醇浓度在术后1周及3个月较术前比较均有显著降低（t=1.675和1.376,P〈0.05;t=1.413和1.472,P〈0.05）。结论围手术期口服阿托伐他汀除对CABG术后患者的血脂有效调节外,对全身炎症反应有明显减轻,并可降低术后房颤的发生率并缩短持续时间,且无肝肾功能损伤等并发症。     

强化阿托伐他汀对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征合并高尿酸患者造影剂肾病的影响

目的观察经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗围术期强化阿托伐他汀治疗对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)合并高尿酸患者造影剂肾病(CIN)的干预作用。方法 62例NSTE-ACS合并高尿酸患者随机分为高尿酸强化他汀组(A组)和高尿酸常规他汀组(B组)各31例;再选取同时期尿酸正常的NSTE-ACS患者给予强化他汀治疗为对照组(C组,n=40)。观察3组PCI术前及术后3 d,血尿酸、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的变化和CIN发生率。结果术前,A、B组血hs-CRP水平显著高于C组(P0.05)。术后3 d,A组血尿酸及hs-CRP水平较术前显著降低(P0.05),B组均显著高于A及C组,A组血尿酸水平显著高于C组(均P0.05)。B组CIN发生率显著高于A、C组(P0.05)。结论血尿酸水平可能是影响CIN的因素之一,强化阿托伐他汀治疗可以减少CIN发生。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术后心房颤动的发生率及其危险因素分析

目的调查冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后心房颤动(AF)的发生率并分析其危险因素。方法回顾性分析312例行CABG的病例资料,根据术后住院期间(1～3周内)有无AF发生将其分为AF组与非AF组,比较两组临床资料,进行统计学分析,筛选CABG术后AF的独立危险因素。结果103例于CABG术后发生AF,其发生率为33.01%。单因素分析显示AF组高龄(≥70岁)、术后早期停用β受体阻滞剂、高血压、左房内径增大(≥40mm)、AF病史、术前P波时限≥120ms以及血管桥数目≥3支的患者比例明显高于非AF组(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示高龄(≥70岁)、术后早期停用β受体阻滞剂、高血压、左房内径增大(≥40mm)以及AF病史与CABG术后AF有高度相关性。结论CABG术后AF的发生率为33.01%。高龄、术后早期停用β受体阻滞剂、高血压、左房内径增大和AF病史是CABG术后AF的独立危险因素。     

稳定性冠状动脉疾病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后心房颤动的影响因素研究

目的探讨稳定性冠状动脉疾病(SCAD)患者冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后心房颤动(AF)的影响因素。方法选取2011年3月—2016年6月于海南医学院附属医院行CABG的SCAD患者268例,根据是否发生AF分为A组(并发AF,n=53)与B组(未并发AF,n=215)。比较两组临床资料,CABG后AF的影响因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果两组患者性别、体质指数、心肌梗死发生率、糖尿病发生率、慢性阻塞性肺疾病发生率、外周动脉疾病发生率、神经功能损伤发生率、β-受体阻滞剂使用率、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)使用率、他汀类药物使用率、左心室射血分数、远端吻合口数、术后第1天引流量、手术方式比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者年龄、高血压发生率、Euro Score评分、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平、ICU入住时间、再手术率、主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)使用率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.45,2.91)]、Euro Score评分[OR=1.79,95%CI(1.32,2.17)]、再手术[OR=1.80,95%CI(1.06,3.21)]、IABP[OR=2.21,95%CI(1.20,3.31)]是SCAD患者CABG后AF的影响因素(P0.05)。结论年龄、Euro Score评分、再手术、IABP是SCAD患者CABG后发生AF的影响因素。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发心房颤动的危险因素分析

目的:探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后新发心房颤动(AF)的危险因素。方法:收集2015-01至2016-05我院心脏外科602例CABG患者的临床资料,以CABG后1周内持续超过5 min的AF定义为术后新发AF。比较术后新发AF(AF组)和无新发AF(无AF组)患者围术期临床基线特征和外科手术参数,并应用Logistic单因素和多因素回归模型筛选术后新发AF的独立危险因素。结果:128例(21.3%)患者术后新发AF(AF组),474例(78.7%)患者无新发AF(无AF组)。AF组的左心室射血分数明显低于无AF组,左心室舒张末期内径和左心房内径明显高于无AF组(P均0.05)。AF组的通气时间和重症监护室停留时间较无AF组延长,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。在校正年龄和性别后,Logistic多因素回归分析显示:NYHA心功能分级高(OR=1.597,P=0.007)和左心房内径大(OR=1.113,P=0.0001)是CABG后发生AF的独立危险因素。结论:心功能分级恶化和左心房内径增大是CABG后新发AF的独立危险因素。     

高敏C反应蛋白水平与阿托伐他汀对急性冠状动脉综合征患者对比剂所致肾功能损害影响的关系

目的 研究冠状动脉介入术前高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者术后肾功能改变的影响及阿托伐他汀的干预作用。方法 270例ACS患者根据术前hs-CRP值分为3组：hs-CRP升高组（hs-CRP≥3 mg/L,n=176）、hs-CRP轻度升高组(hs-CRP 1 ～3mg/L,n =60)和hs-CRP正常组(hs-CRP＜1 mg/L,n=34)。根据术前阿托伐他汀的用量,将176例hs-CRP升高组患者进一步分为阿托伐他汀10 mg组(n=49)、20 mg组（n=66）和40 mg组(n=61)。所有患者于术前、术后第1天、术后第2天分别测定血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、胱抑素C(Cys C)及hs-CRP,根据Scr计算出肌酐清除率(CCr),据Cys C计算肾小球滤过率(GFR)。以术后发生对比剂急性肾损害(CI-AKI)为因变量,采用多因素logistic逐步回归分析肾功能损害的影响因素。结果 (1)与hs-CRP正常组相比,hs-CRP升高组术后Cys C和Scr较高,而GFR较低(P＜0.05),hs-CRP轻度升高组术后Cys C较高、GFR较低(P＜0.05),而Scr差异无统计学意义。(2)270例患者中106例发生CI-AKI,总发生率39.26％。Hs-CRP升高组76例(43.18％),hs-CRP轻度升高组23例(38.33％);hs-CRP正常组7例(20.59％),3组间CI-AKI发生率差异有统计学意义(X2=6.13,P＜0.05)。(3)在hs-CRP升高患者,40mg阿托伐他汀组术后GFR高于10 mg与20 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05),Cys C与hs-CRP低于10 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05),20 mg阿托伐他汀组术后hs-CRP也低于10 mg阿托伐他汀组(P＜0.05)。(4) logistic回归结果显示,使用高剂量阿托伐他汀是术后发生CI-AKI的保护因素(20 mg阿托伐他汀：OR =0.15,95％ CI:0.06 ～0.33,P=0.001;40 mg阿托伐他汀：OR =0.10,95％ CI:0.04 ～0.23,P=0.001),而术前高水平hs-CRP(OR=2.06,95％ CI:1.01 ～4.23,P=0.048)、糖尿病(OR=10.71,95％ CI:5.29 ～21.70,P=0.001)、高龄(OR=2.64,95％ CI:1.05 ～6.63,P=0.038)、肾功能不全（OR =5.14,95％ CI:1.13 ～ 23.39,P=0.034）是CI-AKI的独立危险因素。结论 对比剂对ACS患者可造成肾功能损害,特别是对术前hs-CRP升高患者,高hs-CRP是肾功能损害的独立危险因素。PCI前给予40 mg阿托伐他汀可显著降低术后炎症水平,并减少对比剂对肾功能的损害。     

强化他汀治疗对经皮冠状动脉介入术患者冠状动脉无复流及血浆相关因子的影响

目的 研究强化他汀治疗对择期经皮冠状动脉介入术( PCI)患者术中无复流发生率及血浆脂联素( APN)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的影响.方法 84例择期PCI患者随机分为强化他汀组及常规他汀组,强化他汀组患者在术前2天给予阿托伐他汀80 mg/d进行预处理,术后给予阿托伐他汀40 mg/d,1个月.常规他汀组患者术前2天给予阿托伐他汀20 mg/d,术后给予阿托伐他汀20 mg/d,共用1个月.分别检测术前、术后及术后1个月、3个月两组患者的APN、hs-CRP、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平;观察术中无复流现象发生率及主要终点.结果 30天内两组患者均未出现重大不良心血管事件,两组患者LDL-C、hs-CRP水平均降低,APN、HDL-C水平均升高.强化他汀组患者LDL-C、hs-CRP水平较常规他汀组明显下降(P＜0.05),APN、HDL-C水平明显升高.强化他汀组患者术中发生无复流现象3例,常规他汀组发生无复流现象6例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 强化他汀治疗能够降低择期PCI患者血浆炎性因子水平,升高血浆脂联素水平,减少PCI术中无复流的发生率,对择期PCI患者围手术期有很好的疗效和安全性.     

双腔起搏器植入后发生心房颤动的相关因素分析

目的探讨人工心脏起搏器植入后发生心房颤动(AF)的相关因素。方法回顾分析128例因病窦综合征植入双腔起搏器的患者,其中发生AF的作为AF组(n=56),没有发生AF的为非AF组(n=72),分析两组患者术前和术后临床事件的发生情况,并作logistic回归分析。结果 128例患者,AF组56例、非AF组72例,除AF组患者,既往有AF病史的比例显著高于非AF组(42.9%vs23.6%,P=0.021)外,两组基本临床资料一致。心房起搏百分比、心室起搏百分比、二尖瓣返流程度与心脏起搏器植入术后AF的发生显著相关(r分别为0.907,1.190,2.722,P均0.05)。结论双腔起搏器植入患者AF发生率与心房和心室起搏比例和二尖瓣返流相关。     

他汀类药物对Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者主动脉腔内修复术疗效的影响

目的观察他汀类药物对Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者行主动脉腔内修复术疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析2002年4月至2013年10月于沈阳军区总医院心血管内科住院治疗并行主动脉腔内修复术治疗的Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者388例,分析他汀组与非他汀组临床特点及主动脉腔内修复术后围手术期及3年随访的死亡率、再次行主动脉腔内修复术等事件的发生率。结果 (1)两组患者临床资料比较:两组患者的性别、年龄及体重指数等无统计学意义(P均0.05);他汀组与非他汀组患糖尿病、脑卒中的比例无统计学意义(P均0.05);他汀组高血压病、冠心病的比例明显高于非他汀组(P均0.05);他汀组服用阿司匹林肠溶片的比例明显高于非他汀组(P0.001);两组患者伴胸腔积液、心包积液的比例无统计学差异(P均0.05)。(2)围手术期情况:两组患者植入支架的数目、长度、近远端直径及内漏的发生等差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05);非他汀组完全封闭左锁骨下动脉的比例明显高于他汀组(P=0.020);两组患者围术期死亡、术后发热、脑卒中、肢体活动障碍及住院时间等差异均无统计学差异(P均0.05);他汀组合并PCI的比例明显高于非他汀组(P0.001)。(3)随访时间36个月,随访率为79.5%。随访期间两组患者死亡率、再次行主动脉腔内修复术、新发冠心病、脑卒中、截瘫等均无统计学差异(P均0.05)。结论单中心研究未显示他汀类药物可以改善主动脉夹层患者行主动脉腔内修复术的近远期生存率。     

他汀治疗对高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症伴心房颤动患者血清高敏C反应蛋白及白细胞介素-18的影响

目的探究他汀治疗对高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症伴心房颤动(简称房颤)患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)的影响及临床意义。方法选取高LDL-C血症患者,以伴房颤的114例患者作为AF组,窦性心律的55例患者为SR组,根据入组前是否使用他汀治疗3个月分成SR非治疗组27例、SR治疗组28例、AF非治疗组55例和AF治疗组59例。其中,AF组分根据发作频度分为阵发性房颤、持续性房颤、永久性房颤亚组。比较他汀治疗前、治疗后LDL-C水平,比较治疗后各组及AF组中各亚组患者血清hs-CRP、IL-18水平。结果 SR治疗组与非治疗组之间血清hs-CRP、IL-18无差异(P0.05);AF非治疗组血清hs-CRP、IL-18显著高于SR非治疗组(P0.05);AF治疗组血清hs-CRP、IL-18明显低于AF非治疗组(P0.05)。AF组治疗亚组血清hs-CRP显著低于非治疗组(P0.05)。治疗组中阵发性房颤患者血清IL-18明显低于非治疗组(P0.05)。结论房颤患者体内存在炎症反应,他汀治疗可降低高LDL-C血症伴房颤患者血清hs-CRP、IL-18水平。     

预防性置入主动脉内球囊反搏应用于高危冠心病患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术临床疗效分析

目的 探讨预防性置入主动脉内球囊反搏（Intra-aortic balloon pump ,IABP)在高危冠心病患者接受冠状动脉旁路移植术（Coronary artery bypass graft,CABG）中的临床疗效。方法 回顾并总结我院2013年01月-2020年06月175例CABG围术期行IABP置入术患者的临床资料,术前平均年龄（61.2±9.2）岁,其中男性131人（74.9%）。根据IABP置入时机分为预防性置入组（术前置入IABP）（n=66）和对照组（术中或术后置入IABP）（n=109）,对比分析两组患者临床资料。结果 两组患者一般基线资料差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,预防性置入组IABP支持时间（h,107.5±68.3 vs 130.4±72.6）,机械通气时间（h,76.9±82.1 vs 129.6±160.5）,ICU监护时间（h,145.9±99.9 vs 196.4±180.5）显著减少（P?0.05）。术后急性肾损伤（13.6% vs 28.4%）、低心排量综合征（0 vs 6.4%）、多器官功能衰竭（0 vs 7.3%）发生率降低,差异有统计学意义（P?0.05）。预防性置入组围术期死亡率（10.6%）低于对照组（22.9%）,差异有统计学意义（P?0.05）。结论 对于接受CABG治疗的高危冠心病患者,术前预防性置入IABP可降低患者围术期死亡率,降低术后急性肾损伤、低心排量综合征、多器官功能衰竭发生率,缩短IABP支持时间、机械通气时间、ICU监护时间。     

Optimal β-blocker for prevention of atrial fibrillation after on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Carvedilol versus metoprolol

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. It has been shown that prophylactic oral beta-blocker administration reduces the incidence of post-CABG AF. However, the optimal beta-blocker has not been identified. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine whether oral carvedilol (with its unique anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties) is more effective than oral metoprolol for prevention of AF after CABG surgery. METHODS: Between April 2006 and December 2006, 120 patients (63 men, mean age 61 +/- 9.4 years) who were scheduled to undergo their first on-pump CABG were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomized in a prospective 1:1 manner to receive either oral carvedilol (n = 60) or oral metoprolol (n = 60). The end point of the study was the occurrence of the new-onset AF during the first 5 days after CABG. RESULTS: AF occurred in 29 of 120 patients (24.0%). The incidence of postoperative AF was 15.0% (9 of 60) in the carvedilol group and 33% (20 of 60) in the metoprolol group (P = .022). The carvedilol group was treated with mean daily dose of 46 +/- 9 mg and metoprolol group with mean daily dose of 93 +/- 11 mg. There were no differences between the study groups regarding any known preoperative, perioperative, or postoperative characteristics (all values were P >.05). No significant adverse effect was observed in either group. CONCLUSION: This prospective study suggested that oral carvedilol is more effective than oral metoprolol in the prevention of AF after on-pump CABG. It is well tolerated when started before and continued after the surgery. However, further prospective studies are needed to clarify this issue.     

Atrial fibrillation after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery

OBJECTIVES: The study compared the adjusted risk for developing atrial fibrillation (AF) after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery (MIDCAB) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation results in increased morbidity and delays hospital discharge after CABG. Recently, MIDCAB has been explored as an alternative to CABG. Because of differences in surgical approach between the two procedures, the incidence of AF may differ. METHODS: Randomly selected patients undergoing CABG and MIDCAB were examined. Baseline variables and postoperative course were recorded through review of medical record data. RESULTS: The MIDCAB patients were younger than CABG patients (64+/-12 vs. 67+/-10, p<0.04) and had less extensive coronary artery disease (53% of MIDCAB vs. 3% of CABG had single-vessel disease, while 15% of MIDCAB vs. 69% of CABG had triple-vessel disease, p<0.001 for overall group comparisons). No other differences in clinical or treatment data were noted. Postoperative AF occurred less often after MIDCAB (23% vs. 39%, p = 0.02). Other significant factors associated with postoperative AF included age (p = 0.0024), prior AF (p = 0.0007), left main disease (p = 0.01), number of vessels bypassed (p = 0.009), absence of postoperative beta-blocker therapy (p = 0.0001), and a serious postoperative complication (p = 0.0018). Because of differences between CABG and MIDCAB patients, multivariate logistic analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of postoperative AF. The type of surgery (CABG vs. MIDCAB) was no longer a significant predictor of postoperative AF (estimated relative risk for AF in CABG vs. MIDCAB patients: 1.57, 95% confidence interval (0.82-2.52). CONCLUSIONS: Although AF appears to be less common after MIDCAB than after CABG, the lower incidence is due to different clinical characteristics of patients undergoing these procedures.     

维生素D缺乏与老年非瓣膜性心房颤动的研究

目的探讨血清25-羟维生素D水平缺乏与老年非瓣膜性心房颤动(房颤)的关系。方法选择老年患者902例,其中非瓣膜性房颤患者575例(房颤组)及窦性心律患者327例(对照组)。记录12导联心电图,测定高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、甲状旁腺激素和肝肾功能指标;化学发光分析仪测定25-羟维生素D和促甲状腺激素,心脏彩色超声检查测定LVEF、左心室收缩末期内径、左心室舒张末期内径、室间隔厚度和左心房内径,对2组各参数进行比较,并对房颤与血清25-羟维生素D水平和超声参数进行多因素逐步logistic回归分析。结果房颤组25-羟维生素D水平较对照组明显降低[(14.66±13.01)nmol/L vs (21.02±12.61)nmol/L,P=0.000];房颤组甲状旁腺激素和hs-CRP水平较对照组明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。房颤组左心房内径较对照组明显增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素逐步logistic回归分析显示,房颤与血清25-羟维生素D水平呈负相关(HR=0.820,95%CI:0.768~0.900,P=0.000),与hs-CRP、左心房内径和年龄呈正相关(HR=1.127,95%CI:1.012~1.228,P=0.000;HR=2.320,95%CI:1.822~3.876,P=0.000;HR=1.150,95%CI:1.057~1.162,P=0.000)。结论维生素D缺乏与老年非瓣膜性房颤有关。     

冠状动脉搭桥术后心房颤动高危者的胺碘酮预防试验

目的对冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)后患者发生心房颤动(AF)的危险性分级,对高危者给予胺碘酮预防,观察效果。方法 2008年10月至2009年7月CABG病人,符合研究条件的病例根据危险因素分组,有既往AF者,或有年龄65岁、左房内径45mm、射血分数0.5、术后低氧血症中2个及以上危险因素者为高危组,有除既往AF史以外的其余4个危险因素中1个及无危险因素的病人为低危组。高危组随机分为胺碘酮组和常规组。除胺碘酮组在术后给予静脉口服序贯胺碘酮预防AF外,常规治疗三组均相同。比较三组的AF发生率,AF时心率,AF持续时间,AF负荷等指标。结果符合条件共161例。低危组96例,AF发生率28.1%;高危组65例,常规组33例,AF90.9%,死亡1例,2例出院时仍为持续AF;胺碘酮组32例,AF43.8%,全部复律。胺碘酮组AF发生率较常规组显著降低(P0.01),AF心室率低于另两组(P0.01)。低危组AF总持续时间和术后7天AF负荷显著小于另两组(P0.05)。结论筛选CABG术后病人AF高危者,用胺碘酮预防可使AF发生率减低。     

老年动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病患者他汀类药物使用现状

目的探讨他汀类药物在老年动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)患者中的使用现状。方法筛选医院电子病历数据,选择2014年1月~2018年12月在解放军第九六〇医院和德州市第二人民医院收治的年龄≥60岁的ASCVD患者15751例,按患者的年龄分为60~69岁组6230例,70~79岁组5192例和≥80岁组4329例。调查3组患者他汀类药物使用现状,分析他汀类药物使用的影响因素,比较患者LDL-C、非HDL-C控制达标的情况。结果≥80岁组外周动脉粥样硬化疾病比例明显高于60~69岁组和70~79岁组(1.6%vs 1.1%和0.8%,P=0.000)。所有患者他汀类药物使用率为67.4%,急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者他汀类药物使用率99.2%、PCI后为98.3%、冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后为95.2%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,ACS、PCI后、CABG后、住院科室、入院时间是影响他汀类药物使用的独立危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与60~69岁组和70~79岁组比较,≥80岁组LDL-C达标率(48.07%vs 32.98%和30.97%)及非HDL-C达标率(38.99%vs 30.99%和28.76%)均明显升高(P<0.01)。结论他汀类药物在老年ASCVD急症患者中使用率较高,但在慢病管理中的使用及血脂达标情况仍有待提高。     

Effectiveness of triple-site triggered atrial pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

BACKGROUND: Recently, several temporary multisite pacing methods have been developed for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF). HYPOTHESIS: In this study, we evaluated the effect of triple-site temporary triggered pacing in the AAT mode on the development of AF in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) at high risk for developing postoperative AF. METHODS: A total of 70 patients undergoing CABG were randomly assigned either to pacing group (study group, n = 35 patients) or to no pacing group (control group, n = 35 patients). The external pacemaker was programmed to pace at the atrial triggered mode at a lower rate of 40 beats/min for 4 days. RESULTS: Atrial fibrillation, defined as lasting > 30 s, occurred in 4 patients (11.4%) in the study group and in 16 patients (45.7%) in the control group (p = 0.003). Sustained AF, defined as AF lasting > 10 min, also was observed less frequently in the study group than in the control group (11.6 vs. 37.1%, p = 0.024). Triple-site triggered atrial pacing was observed to reduce the incidence of AF by 75% and the incidence of sustained AF by 69%. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that multiple-site temporary pacing in the triggered mode is an effective way of preventing postoperative AF. This technique may be used especially in patients at high risk of developing AF.     

围术期急性血糖波动对患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后心房颤动发生率及重症监护病房住院时间的影响

目的 探讨围术期急性血糖波动幅度对患者冠状动脉旁路移植(coronary artery bypass grafting,CABG)术后心房颤动(postoperative atrial fibrillation,POAF)发生率及重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)住院时间的影响.方法 前瞻性...     

Statins Decrease Adverse Outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass for Extensive Coronary Artery Disease as well as Left Main Coronary Stenosis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preoperative and postoperative statins on coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for extensive coronary artery disease as well as left main coronary stenosis (LMS). The data of 626 cases of extensive coronary artery disease as well as LMS patients in Anzhen Hospital between January 1998 and March 2008 for CABG procedure were retrospectively analyzed, and were classified as preoperative statin therapy group (Group A, n = 320) or preoperative no statin therapy group (Group B, n = 306). Propensity scores were estimated to determine the probability of inclusion into statin therapy group, resulting in the successful matching of 267 pairs. The incidence of in‐hospital death, and atrial fibrillation or flutter and disabling stroke was higher in Group B than in Group A. The actuarial freedom from late events at 5 yrs were 98.75%± 0.73% for the postoperative statin therapy group and 88.33%± 3.71% for the postoperative no statin therapy group respectively, P= 0.000. The logistic regression revealed that CRP (>5.0 mg/L), and elevated Troponin I, and emergent procedure, and preoperative IABP support, and EF < 40% were the independent risk factors, and preoperatively statins was the protective factor for the perioperative death; and the Cox proportional hazard also revealed that preoperative IABP support and preoperative cardiac arrest, and EF < 40% were independent risk factors, and postoperatively statins were the protective factor for the late cardiac events. Preoperative statin therapy could provide protective effect in the perioperative period. Postoperative statin usage could provide protective effect on the late cardiac events.