电话传输远程心电监测的临床应用

目的评价电话传输远程心电监测(TTECG)的临床应用价值。方法①756例患者接受TTECG检查,对检查结果进行回顾性分析,并与同期进行的57例动态心电图(Holter)检查结果进行比较;②监测起搏器工作状态18例、随访抗心律失常药物疗效21例、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后随访29例、外科手术前监测心律失常52例。结果疑诊心律失常636例中541例明确诊断,阳性诊断率为85.1%;发现高危室性心律失常55例;其中先后进行TTECG和动态心电图检查的57例患者中,TTECG确诊49例(86.0%),动态心电图确诊38例(66.7%),两种检查方法有显著性差异(p<0.05);反复发生晕厥33例患者中11例明确诊断,阳性率为33.3%,而24h动态心电图仅发现4例,两种检查方法有显著性差异(p<0.05)。结论TTECG对于偶发心律失常,尤其突发恶性心律失常的诊断和晕厥的鉴别诊断具有重要的临床意义,且明显优于动态心电图检查。     

先天性心脏病介入治疗术相关心律失常的分析

目的分析先天性心脏病(CHD)介入治疗相关心律失常的发生及转归情况,探讨其预防和治疗措施。方法回顾性分析2014年2月至2015年1月湖北省人民医院223例CHD介入治疗术后心律失常的发生及转归情况。结果 223例患者介入治疗术后新出现不同程度及性质的心律失常8例。其中房间隔缺损(ASD)封堵术后发生心律失常3例(3.7%,3/82),包括频发房性期前收缩1例,阵发性房性心动过速1例,窦性心动过缓伴加速交界性心律1例;频发房性期前收缩和阵发性房性心动过速均为一过性心律失常,在术后2~3 h内自行缓解,窦性心动过缓伴加速交界性心律在对症治疗1周后恢复窦性。室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术后发生心律失常4例(6.2%,4/64),包括室性心动过速1例,Ⅰ度房室传导阻滞1例,Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞1例,间歇性完全左束支传导阻滞1例;室性心动过速与Ⅰ度房室传导阻滞均在术后自行缓解,Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞及间歇性完全左束支传导阻滞均在对症治疗1周后恢复窦性心律。肺动脉瓣球囊扩张术后发生心室颤动1例(8.3%,1/12),予电除颤、临时心脏起搏等治疗后恢复窦性。结论心律失常是CHD介入治疗术后的常见并发症,多数为暂时性、一过性改变,一旦发生严重心律失常将会直接影响手术的成功率及疗效,甚至导致死亡,应予以足够重视。     

动态心电图在冠心病心律失常诊断中的应用观察

目的探讨动态心电图在冠心病心律失常诊断中的应用价值。 方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2018年3月胶州市人民医院收治的70例冠心病患者的临床资料,所有患者均经冠状动脉造影确诊,检查前均接受常规心电图与动态心电图检查,对比两种检查方式对心肌缺血与心律失常(房性心律失常、室性心律失常、房室传导阻滞、矩阵室上速等)的检出率。 结果70例冠心病患者中,常规心电图检查显示心肌缺血阳性检出率为80.00%(56/70),低于动态心电图检查92.86%(65/70),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。动态心电图房性心律失常、室性心律失常、房室传导阻滞、矩阵室上速阳性检出率高于常规心电图,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论动态心电图可提高冠心病心律失常的检出率,为疾病评估与预后判断提供丰富而详细的影像与数据。     

58例扩张型心肌病l2导联动态心电图分析

目的 观察扩张型心肌病(DCM)24h 12导联动态心电图改变.方法 58例均经心脏超声检查诊断为DCM,再行24h 12导联动态心电图监测.结果 所有病例动态心电图均有异常改变,以心律失常最为常见.其中室性心律失常56例(96.6%),房性心律失常43例(74.1%),ST-T改变32例(55.2%)、室性心动过速29例(50.0%).心功能越差,复合性心律失常越多见.传导阻滞25例(43.1%),房室肥大27例(46.6%),Q-T间期延长24例(41.4%),异常Q波8例(13.8%)等.结论 DCM有多种心电图表现,其多发、多样性心律失常对DCM早期诊断有重要意义.有复合心律失常的患者有必要进行心脏超声心动图检查.     

左心疾病相关肺动脉高压患者的心律失常患病率及相关因素

目的:分析左心疾病相关肺动脉高压(PH-LHD)患者不同类型心律失常的患病率及相关因素。方法:连续收集2021年1月—2021年2月于我院住院的PH-LHD患者共500例，根据常规心电图或24 h动态心电图记录心律失常发生情况；将所有患者的一般临床资料、心脏超声参数作为自变量，有无合并心房颤动(房颤)/室性心动过速(室速)/窦房结功能障碍或房室传导阻滞(缓慢型心律失常)作为因变量，运用单因素logistic回归分别分析PH-LHD合并不同类型心律失常的相关因素，进一步将单因素分析中有意义的变量作为自变量进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果:500例PH-LHD患者中，45%合并高血压，其他依次为冠心病(38.4%)、心脏瓣膜病(19.6%)、扩张型心肌病(15.2%)。任何心律失常、室上性心动过速、窦性心动过速、房性心动过速、房颤、心房扑动、房室折返性心动过速、房室结折返性心动过速、室速、窦房结功能障碍、房室传导阻滞的发病率分别为77.4%、66.6%、22.6%、17.8%、35%、5.6%、1%、0.6%、18.4%、11.2%、16%,合并房颤患者中80%为持续性；多因素lo...     

Holter监测揭示心律失常发生机制的价值

目的:探测Holter监测揭示心律失常发生机制的应用价值.方法:回顾性分析了Holter检查的179例阵发性心动过速患者的检测结果,符合Holter诊断标准初诊具有房室结双径路及潜在性预激征的患者分别为45及25例,曾进一步作食道电生理检查以对比证实.结果:共确诊房室结双径路29例,潜在性预激22例,诊断敏感性分别为64.4%(29/45)和 88%(22/25).结论:Holter监测不失为揭示心律失常发生机制的一种简便而有效的方法.     

晕厥的临床诊疗

(上接2006年第7期) 3.4 其他检查 初步评估不能明确病因的晕厥患者可以从以下3方面进一步检查. 3.4.1 心律失常 老年患者和心脏病人发生晕厥需要怀疑有心律失常.动态心电图监测(Holter监护)可用于门诊病人的监测.室性心律失常危险的病人要咨询心血管科医生,他们可以对患者进行电生理检查,以检测室性心动过速、窦房结功能异常、房室阻滞或者其他的心律失常.     

射频消融治疗快速心律失常244例临床分析

目的总结射频消融治疗快速心律失常的经验。方法回顾性分析244例经导管射频消融治疗快速心律失常患者的治疗结果。其中男性112例,女性132例,年龄12～83(46±16)岁。心动过速发作史1d至48年,平均(10±8)年。采用常规方法行电生理检查及射频消融。结果房室结折返性心动过速114例,房室折返性心动过速117例,房室结折返合并房室折返性心动过速4例,房速5例,房扑3例,房室结折返性心动过速合并房速1例。射频消融总成功率96.7%,复发率4.1%。术后I度房室传导阻滞2例,Ⅲ度传导阻滞1例,气胸3例。结论射频消融成功率高,并发症少,是治疗快速心律失常安全有效的方法。     

冠心病并发室性心律失常648例分析

目的 探讨冠心病并发室性心律失常的类型、发生率及与预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析了800例冠心病患者的临床资料,所有患者均经心电图检查,其中243例做24小时动态心电图检查,311例经冠心病监护病房心电监测.结果 检出各类室性心律失常648例(81%),其中室性早搏(室早)592例(74%),室性心动过速(室速)39例(4.88%)、心室颤动(室颤)17例(2.12%),室性心律失常的发生率随心肌缺血的加重而升高,恶性室性心律失常5年生存率不足10%.结论 冠心病易发生室性心律失常,恶性室性心律失常是冠心病死亡的主要原因之一.     

原发性高血压患者心律失常检测及心率变异性分析

目的研究原发性高血压患者的心律、心率与心率变异性。方法采用24h动态心电图（Holter）评价331例门诊高血压患者的心律失常情况;并分析202例患者心率变异性（HRV）的时域和频域指标。结果331例患者均为窦性心律,心律失常检出率达93%。房性心律失常检出率（87%）远高于室性心律失常（50%）,房性早搏≤100个/24h占全部房性早搏者的95%,室性早搏≤100个/24h者占全部室性早搏者的85%,10%的患者合并有短暂房性心动过速,室性心动过速发生率为0.9%,II度II型房室传导阻滞3%。各项时域参数值较正常参考值低,高频（HF）、低频（LF）成份亦低于正常参考值,而LF/HF则明显高于正常参考值。结论原发性高血压患者的心律失常具高发生率且广谱的特性,房性心律失常最为多见,HRV明显降低。     

Incremental diagnostic yield of loop electrocardiographic recorders in unexplained syncope

The Holter monitor, the most frequently used diagnostic test in patients with syncope, is nondiagnostic in over 90% of cases. This study sought to determine the impact of a new noninvasive device, the cardiac loop electrocardiographic (ECG) recorder, after Holter monitoring in 57 patients with unexplained syncope. All patients underwent a standardized evaluation protocol and were the monitor for up to 1 month. In 14 patients, loop recording definitively determined whether an arrhythmia was the cause of symptoms (diagnostic yield 25%; 95% confidence intervals 14 to 38%). Diagnoses included unsuspected ventricular tachycardia (1 patient), high grade atrioventricular block (2 patients), supraventricular tachycardia (1 patient), asystole or junctional bradycardia from neurally mediated syncope (3 patients) and normal cardiac rhythms (the remaining 7 patients). Follow-up of all patients diagnosed as having nonarrhythmic syncope by loop recording showed that none of these patients died suddenly. Cardiac loop ECG recording is an important new diagnostic test in patients with syncope unexplained by Holter monitoring.     

Suspected cardiac syncope in elderly patients: use of the 12-lead electrocardiogram to select patients for holter monitoring.

BACKGROUND: Results of 24-hour Holter monitoring in elderly patients are often unhelpful, since the prevalence of asymptomatic arrhythmias increases and their prognostic significance is unclear. We investigated the value of the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) in predicting significant findings on 24-hour Holter recordings in those suspected of having cardiac syncope. OBJECTIVE: To see whether the resting 12-lead ECG can be used as a screening tool to select elderly patients suspected of having cardiac syncope for 24-hour ECG monitoring. METHOD: Comparison of resting 12-lead ECGs and 24-hour Holter tapes in 145 consecutive elderly outpatients suspected of having a cardiac cause for falls, dizziness, or syncope. RESULTS: Four of 30 normal ECGs (13%) showed an abnormality on Holter monitoring as compared with 55 of the 115 abnormal ECGs (47.8%; chi = 11.7143, p < 0.005). In the 'normal' group the 4 abnormal Holter recordings all showed short runs of supraventricular tachycardia, and no intervention resulted. The 115 abnormal resting ECGs showed either ischaemia (n = 27), dysrhythmia (n = 28), sinus bradycardia (n = 22), or conduction defects (n = 38). The 55 of these which showed abnormalities on Holter recordings occurred mostly where the resting ECG showed dysrhythmia (n = 14/28; 50%), bradycardia (n = 19/22; 86.4%), and conduction defect (n = 17/38; 44.7%). Seven patients had complete heart block on Holter, and all had conduction defects on resting ECG (p < 0.0004). Fifteen patients had pauses of longer than 3 s on Holter; all had conduction defect, bradycardia, or dysrhythmias on resting ECG (p < 0.0045). Sixteen patients were paced because of complete heart block or pauses on Holter recordings, and all had either bradycardia or conduction defects on resting ECG, resulting in complete resolution of their symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with suspected cardiac syncope and normal resting ECGs are unlikely to reveal significant abnormalities on single 24-hour Holter monitoring. Cardiac event recorder or prolonged Holter monitoring may be required in patients with strong clinical history. Those with abnormal ECGs, in particular sinus bradycardia and conduction defects, are highly likely to have significant abnormalities on 24-hour ECG monitoring.     

Correlation of the standard electrocardiogram and continuous ambulatory monitoring in the detection of ventricular arrhythmias in coronary patients

To evaluate the efficacy of ventricular arrhythmia detection in ambulatory patients with stable coronary artery disease, 101 coronary patients documented by arteriography or remote myocardial infarction underwent concurrent evaluation by 10-hour portable ambulatory ECG monitoring and standard 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained serially over 24 months. Portable ECG recorded premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in 77 patients: 50% serious PVCs (multifocal, paired, >5/minute, R on T) and 9% patients with ventricular tachycardia. Standard ECG was insensitive (p<.001) in arrhythmia detection both by one tracing (PVC prevalence 17%) obtained within 12 hours of portable ECG or by four serial standard ECGs during the subsequent two weeks (PVC prevalence 18%). Although a total of 1,414 standard ECGs during 24 months recorded PVCs in 49% of patients, serious PVCs were limited (p<.001) to 25% and ventricular tachycardia to 1% of patients. However, ventricular ectopy present by any standard ECG (10 per patient) within three months of ambulatory monitoring was associated with high prevalence of hazardous ectopics by portable ECG (p<.05): serious PVC 92%; ventricular tachycardia 17% patients. Even in patients free of ventricular ectopy by 24-month serial standard ECG, portable ECG detected serious PVCs in 62% and ventricular tachycardia in 6% of patients. Thus stable coronary patients manifested frequent ventricular ectopics by portable ECG which were usually undetected by even multiple serial standard ECGs. Importantly, presence of PVCs by standard ECG was related to increased risk of hazardous ventricular arrhythmias by portable ECG.     

心房颤动射频消融术后远程心电监测随访的意义

目的通过电话心电远程监测心房颤动（房颤）射频消融术后复发情况,探讨远程心电监测仪诊断心律失常的临床价值。方法自2009年10月至2010年4月在我院行房颤射频消融术患者72例,其中持续性房颤39例、阵发性房颤33例。患者在消融术后第1天及每3个月均接受24h动态心电图检查,同时术后每天定时及有症状时接受电话远程传输心电图（TTECG）监测。比较两种检测方法记录的房颤复发情况及房颤发生与症状的相关性。结果随访（11．0±2．3）个月,TTECG共检测到4403份无干扰心电图,3610份窦性心电图中有症状的1351份（37．43％）。793份异常心电图中无症状性发作的214份（26．99％）。术后3个月空白期中,24h动态心电图发现17例（23．61％）房颤复发,TrECG发现31例复发,差异有统计学意义（P=0．004）。随访期间,24h动态心电图发现9例房颤患者复发,TTECG发现18例复发,差异有统计学意义（P=0．033）。通过TTECG的监测,与空白期的复发率比较,1年后房颤复发率明显下降（P=0．022）,而24h动态心电图未发现复发率的差异（P=0．083）。通过24h动态心电图及TTECG监测,持续性房颤消融成功率分别为84．62％,71．79％（P=0．000）,阵发性房颤消融成功率分别为90．91％,78．79％（P=0．006）。结论对于心律失常尤其是射频消融术后房颤的监测,电话远程心电监测优于常规24h动态心电监测,能及时发现术后房性心律失常复发,尤其是无症状性房颤。术后有症状患者也不一定是真正的房颤复发,实际为窦性心律。     

远程心电监测记录的临床应用

目的 探讨远程心电监测SM-100型记录仪的临床意义。方法 分析126例接受SM-100型心电图仪检查患者的临床及心电图资料，其中因心悸及心律失常检查者113例，因头晕、胸闷以及心前区不适等检查者13例。结果 未见异常者61例（48．4％）。异常者65例，其中房性期前收缩和室性期前收缩24例、阵发性室上性心动过速3例和房性心动过速2例（此5例既往均未捕捉到发作时的心律失常）、心房扑动1例、心房颤动和窦性心动过缓各8例、起搏心电图和一度房室传导阻滞各4例、心室预激图形1例，其余10例为异常Q波及ST—T改变等。126例共发送心电图1671行，除123行（7．4％）图形欠佳外，其余1548行（92．6％）记录良好。结论 SM-100型远程心电图仪操作方便，可通过手机和固定电话发送心电图。实施远程心电记录，对临床诊断特别是心律失常诊断具有重要意义。     

Ventricular arrhythmia following repair of Fallot's tetralogy. Apropos of 59 cases

Fifty-nine patients operated for Fallot's tetralogy were reviewed over 3 years after surgery. The average age at surgery was 7.4 years (range 6 months to 37 years). The review included ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography, exercise stress testing and Holter monitoring, completed by cardiac catheterisation in 10 cases and electrophysiological investigation in 4 cases. Forty-eight of the 59 patients (81.3 p. 100) had no signs of ventricular arrhythmia or only benign ventricular extrasystoles (Group I). Four patients (6.8 p. 100) had severe ventricular arrhythmias (Group II). Seven patients (11.9 p. 100) had one or more episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) (Group III) and, in 3 of these patients, VT was recorded during Holter monitoring or exercise stress testing. One patient in Group III died after reoperation, but there were no cases of sudden death in this series. The high risk patients Groups II and III) were operated late (after 5 years), had bi- or trifascicular block (7 out of 11 cases), ventricular extrasystoles on resting ECGs (9 out of 11 cases), cardiomegaly (6 out of 7 cases in Group III), echocardiographic dilatation of the infundibulum (6 out of the 8 patients undergoing echocardiography in Groups II and III). They had significant residual malformation but without right ventricular hypertension (as judged mainly by immediate postoperative data). Ventricular arrhythmias occurred over 6 years after surgery. However, none of the patients operated before 2 years of age had ventricular arrhythmias or VT with a mean follow-up period of 7.5 years, perhaps because LV function was protected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Holter monitoring in syncope: diagnostic yield in octogenarians

OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic yield of Holter monitoring in very old adults (≥80) with syncope. DESIGN: A Holter study was considered diagnostic if the arrhythmia explained syncope (atrioventricular (AV) block, sinus node dysfunction, atrial fibrillation with severe bradycardia or tachycardia, supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia). SETTING: A tertiary care center in Switzerland over a period of 10 years. PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred seventy‐five Holter studies were performed in individuals aged 80 and older (median age 84, 65% female, mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 0.56 ± 0.1%). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Fifty‐three Holter studies (11%) were diagnostic. The detected arrhythmias were AV block (n=13), sinus node dysfunction (n=13), binodal disease (n=2), atrial fibrillation with slow or rapid ventricular response (n=21), ventricular tachycardia (n=3) and supraventricular tachycardia (n=1). Forty participants (8%) received a pacemaker, and one received an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator because of the results of Holter monitoring. The yield of Holter monitoring was significantly greater (all P<.01) in the presence of heart disease (17%) and low LVEF (22%), in men (17%) and in participants aged 90 and older (20%). Heart disease (odds ratio (OR)=3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.7–6.1), male sex (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.1–3.8), and aged 90 and older (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.2–5.1) remained independent predictors for a high diagnostic yield of Holter monitoring. Furthermore, Holter monitoring was helpful in excluding arrhythmias as a cause of syncope in an additional 10% of cases. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of Holter monitoring in participants aged 80 and older with syncope was 11.2%. Its yield was higher in men and in the presence of structural heart disease and was 20% in individuals aged 90 and older.     

Comparison of 24-hour Holter Monitoring with 14-day Novel Adhesive Patch Electrocardiographic Monitoring

Background

Cardiac arrhythmias are remarkably common and routinely go undiagnosed because they are often transient and asymptomatic. Effective diagnosis and treatment can substantially reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac arrhythmias. The Zio Patch (iRhythm Technologies, Inc, San Francisco, Calif) is a novel, single-lead electrocardiographic (ECG), lightweight, Food and Drug Administration–cleared, continuously recording ambulatory adhesive patch monitor suitable for detecting cardiac arrhythmias in patients referred for ambulatory ECG monitoring.

Methods

A total of 146 patients referred for evaluation of cardiac arrhythmia underwent simultaneous ambulatory ECG recording with a conventional 24-hour Holter monitor and a 14-day adhesive patch monitor. The primary outcome of the study was to compare the detection arrhythmia events over total wear time for both devices. Arrhythmia events were defined as detection of any 1 of 6 arrhythmias, including supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation/flutter, pause greater than 3 seconds, atrioventricular block, ventricular tachycardia, or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. McNemar's tests were used to compare the matched pairs of data from the Holter and the adhesive patch monitor.

Results

Over the total wear time of both devices, the adhesive patch monitor detected 96 arrhythmia events compared with 61 arrhythmia events by the Holter monitor (P < .001).

Conclusions

Over the total wear time of both devices, the adhesive patch monitor detected more events than the Holter monitor. Prolonged duration monitoring for detection of arrhythmia events using single-lead, less-obtrusive, adhesive-patch monitoring platforms could replace conventional Holter monitoring in patients referred for ambulatory ECG monitoring.     

The role of silent ischemia, the arrhythmic substrate and the short-long sequence in the genesis of sudden cardiac death

To study the role of silent ischemia and the arrhythmic substrate in the genesis of sudden cardiac death, 67 patients were studied (mean age 62 +/- 12 years). Of these, 14 patients (Group 1) had an in-hospital episode of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation while wearing a 24 h Holter ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitor, 33 (Group II) had a documented episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, or both, and 20 (Group III) had angina pectoris but no ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Eight Group I survivors underwent programmed electrical stimulation or ECG signal averaging, or both. All Group II patients underwent 24 h Holter monitoring and ECG signal averaging to detect late potentials before programmed electrical stimulation. Group III patients underwent both 24 h Holter recording and coronary angiography. The 24 h ECG tapes were analyzed for ST segment changes, prematurity index and characteristics of ventricular premature depolarizations. Any ST depression greater than or equal to 1 mm for greater than 30 s was considered to be a reflection of silent ischemia, and the induction of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by programmed electrical stimulation or the presence of late potentials, or both, was considered to be a reflection of the arrhythmia substrate. Silent ischemia preceded ventricular tachycardia in only 2 (14%) of the 14 Group I patients. The prematurity index was less than 1 in only 18% of ventricular tachycardia episodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

远程实时心电监测仪与常规心电图在心血管疾病中的监测和对比分析

目的通过对远程实时心电监测仪进行性能测试和临床应用研究,旨在评价远程监测仪记录心电信号的准确性、安全性和有效性,并探讨其临床应用价值。方法人选2008年4月至2008年12月北京阜外心血管病医院194例住院患者。所有受试者均进行远程实时心电监测仪（心电手机）及常规12导联心电图监测,分为远程心电图组及常规心电图组。对两组进行心电图诊断及时间和幅度参数的比较。结果远程心电图组胸前导联的图形质量及基线稳定性相对优于肢体导联。经比较远程心电图组心律失常检出率高（P〈0．05）,共识别出心律失常266例,其中,快速心律失常135例,缓慢心律失常131例,最常见心律失常依次是室性早搏（18．7％）,一度房室阻滞（13．9％）及心房颤动（13．5％）。两组仪器所测得正常心电图组在心率、P波、PR间期、QRS时限、QT间期等参数间差异均无统计学意义,参数相关良好;V2、V3、V5及I导联进行P波振幅、QRS波振幅、QRS综合压代数和压差及T波振幅等参数之间比较差异无统计学意义。结论远程实时心电监测仪心电信号记录准确,能够检测出常见的心律失常及恶性室性心律失常,对心律失常的诊断符合率高,使用可靠、安全。