外固定支架结合经皮交叉穿针固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折

目的探讨外固定支架结合经皮交叉穿针固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法采用外固定支架结合经皮交叉穿针固定治疗34例不稳定型桡骨远端骨折患者。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~14个月。X线检查显示,骨折端解剖复位,固定牢靠,骨性愈合。按Green-O'brien腕关节评分标准评估:优26例,良6例,一般2例,优良率为94.1%。无钉道感染、骨髓炎、医源性神经肌腱伤和交感神经反射性骨营养不良等并发症。2例发生关节僵硬,经积极功能锻炼后症状好转。结论外固定支架结合经皮交叉穿针固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折能达到解剖复位,固定可靠,且有效减轻术后腕关节功能障碍。     

单边外固定支架治疗桡骨远端开放粉碎性骨折

目的探讨急诊单边外固定支架治疗桡骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法对23例桡骨远端开放粉碎性骨折患者急诊行单边外固定支架手术治疗,评价其临床效果。结果患者均获得随访,时间8～14(10. 1±1. 7)个月。骨折均临床愈合。末次随访时依据Gartland-Werley腕关节功能评分评价治疗情况:优16例,良4例,可3例,优良率为20/23。结论桡骨远端开放粉碎性骨折采用单边外固定支架手术治疗效果显著。     

有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折45例。结果 42例患者获得随访,时间3～36个月。按Lidstrom评分系统行影像学评价:优30例,良7例,中5例,优良率为88.09%;依据Dienst标准评价腕关节功能:优30例,良8例,中4例,优良率为90.47%。无严重并发症发生。结论有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,复位满意,操作简单,固定牢固,疗效满意。     

外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨桡骨远端粉碎性骨折治疗方法及临床疗效评价。方法对2006年2月至2009年2月通过使用外固定支架治疗的桡骨远端粉碎性骨折26例病例进行分析。结果26例患者全部获得随访,优18例,良6例,可2例,优良率占92.3%。结论使用外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,能最大限度地恢复桡骨与尺骨的相对长度、关节面的平整、掌倾角及尺偏角,术后配合合理的康复锻炼,能使腕关节功能最大限度的恢复。     

外固定支架加有限内固定治疗青壮年桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨外固定支架加克氏针内固定治疗青壮年桡骨远端粉碎骨折的I临床疗效。方法2000年1月～2005年8月采用外固定支架加有限内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折30例，外固定支架在术后6～8周拆除，术后进行腕关节功能锻炼。结果所有患者获得14～24个月（平均16个月）随访。所有患者2个月均达骨性愈合，关节功能评定：优24例，良4例，差2例，优良率为93．3％。结论外固定支架固定加有限克氏针内固定对治疗青壮年桡骨远端粉碎性骨折，固定牢固、可靠，可有效防止骨折的再移位和丢失，但不能过早进行腕关节功能锻炼，必须选择合适的时机拆除外固定支架，便于早期腕关节功能锻炼。     

外固定架联合钢板及克氏针内固定治疗老年桡骨远端不稳定粉碎性骨折

目的探讨应用外固定架联合钢板及克氏针有限内固定治疗老年桡骨远端不稳定骨折的术后疗效。方法采取外固定架辅助钢板及(或)克氏针有限内固定治疗老年桡骨远端不稳定粉碎性骨折68例。结果 68例均获得随访1.5年,骨折愈合时间平均18周。按Dienst功能评估标准:优53例,良12例,一般3例,优良率为95.6%。结论外固定架联合钢板及克氏针有限内固定治疗老年不稳定桡骨远端骨折在术中能够维持桡骨远端关节面平整,恢复掌倾角、尺偏角及桡骨长度,同时能够提供满足早期腕关节功能锻炼的稳定性,是一种较为理想的治疗方法。     

掌侧锁定钢板联合背侧钛网治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的比较掌侧锁定钢板与掌侧锁定钢板联合背侧钛网内固定治疗的桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法57例（65侧）桡骨远端粉碎性骨折患者,根据治疗方法分为锁定钢板固定组（对照组）31例（35侧）和掌侧锁定钢板联合背侧钛网内固定组（钛网组）26例（30侧）,比较两组术后桡骨远端掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨远端相对长度以及腕关节功能评分。结果57例均得到随访,时间8～24（15．7±6．34）个月。影像学结果显示骨折均愈合。对照组桡骨远端掌倾角9°～17°（12．91°±2．16°）,尺偏角19°～26°（22．60°±1．80°）,桡骨远端相对长度0．9～1．6（1．27±0．18）cm;钛网组桡骨远端掌倾角9°-16°（12．93°±1．89°）,尺偏角19°-26°（22．07°±1．84°）,桡骨远端相对长度0．9～1．6（1．20±0．19）cm;两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,两组分别与参考值比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。末次随访时腕关节功能采用Fernandez标准评分：对照组优7侧,良22侧,可4侧,差2侧,优良率82．8％;钛网组优16侧,良11侧,可2侧,差1侧,优良率90．0％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论掌侧锁定钢板联合背侧钛网内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折术后患者腕关节功能恢复效果优于单纯锁定钢板内固定。     

横行经皮穿针治疗桡骨远端移位骨折

目的探讨横行经皮穿针治疗桡骨远端移位骨折的可行性及临床疗效。方法采用横行经皮穿针技术治疗桡骨远端移位骨折21例,患者均为青年士兵,全部为闭合性骨折,其中粉碎性骨折3例。结果经1～5年(平均2.6年)的随访,骨折全部愈合,骨折平均愈合时间为6周。功能评定根据Dienst等标准:优12例,良8例,可1例,优良率为95.2%。结论横行经皮穿针是治疗桡骨远端移位骨折的理想选择,具有复位效果佳、稳定固定、能早期活动、功能恢复快而好等优点。     

切开复位加压锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效观察

目的观察应用切开复位加压锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法对40例桡骨远端粉碎性骨折患者采用切开复位加压锁定钢板内固定治疗。结果术后平均随访8.2个月,经X线或CT等影像学复查,除1例延迟愈合外,其余均骨折复位良好,内固定稳定。依据Colles骨折复位后功能评价:优16例,良19例,可3例,差2例。优良率87.50%。全组无切口感染、骨髓炎、骨折不愈合,内固定松动、腕关节僵硬等并发症发生。结论微采用切开复位加压锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折骨折,复位良好,内固定稳定,并发症少,疗效满意。     

外固定支架联合骨片钉在桡骨远端严重粉碎性骨折中的应用

目的研究外固定支架联合骨片钉治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的长期疗效。方法对2010年1月-2011年12月,采用外固定支架联合骨片钉治疗的24例桡骨远端粉碎性骨折患者进行随访研究。按照AO／ASIF分型：C1型7例,c2型6例,C3型11例。随访内容：腕关节活动度（屈曲、背伸、尺偏、桡偏）,前臂旋前、旋后活动范围,握力、捏力及影像学资料（掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度）。按上肢功能评定标准（Disabilities of the Arm、Shoulderand Hand,DASH）和Gartland—Werley腕关节评分标准进行综合评估。结果术后随访12-24个月,平均为15．8个月。X线片示所有骨折均愈合。按Gartland—Wefley腕关节评定,本组优11例,良9例,可4例,优良率为83．3％。结论外固定支架联合骨片钉治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折可以达到满意疗效。     

经皮穿针固定治疗桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位

目的探讨经皮穿针固定治疗桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位的临床疗效。方法采用经皮穿针固定治疗42例桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位患者。结果 42例均获随访,时间4~24个月,骨折均获骨性愈合。疗效根据Green-O'Brien腕关节评分标准:优21例,良18例,一般3例,优良率92.9%。结论经皮穿针固定是治疗桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节脱位的有效技术,疗效较可靠,并发症少。     

Augmented external fixation versus percutaneous pinning and casting for unstable fractures of the distal radius--a prospective randomized trial

PURPOSE: Many outcome studies of various surgical techniques for unstable fractures of the distal radius have been published but applicability of the results remains limited because the majority of these trials were not done in a prospective and/or randomized manner. In this study we evaluated 2 common surgical techniques used in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures in a randomized prospective fashion with a 1-year radiographic and clinical follow-up period. Our hypothesis was that external fixation with augmentation would provide superior results compared with percutaneous pinning and casting. METHODS: Fifty patients younger than 65 years of age with unstable fractures of the distal radius were randomized into 1 of 2 surgical treatment groups: percutaneous pins with casting or augmented external fixation. All surgery was performed by 1 of 3 surgeons within 10 days of injury. Over 80% of the fractures were classified as AO-ASIF C2 or C3 and there was a similar distribution of fracture types in each group. RESULTS: The use of augmented external fixation did not improve the mean radiographic parameters of radial length, radial angulation, or volar tilt. Restoration of volar tilt of highly comminuted fractures was difficult to achieve regardless of the technique. Improved articular surface reduction was realized with the use of an external fixator but overall only 3 patients were noted to have steps or gaps greater than 2 mm. No significant differences in mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores, total range of motion, grip strength, or health-related quality of life were observed between the groups. All 3 patients diagnosed with sympathetic dystrophy had had external fixation. CONCLUSIONS: Although augmented external fixation represents a popular first line treatment for unstable fractures of the distal radius this study suggests that for fractures with minimal articular displacement similar clinical results can be obtained with percutaneous pinning and casting.     

External fixation of distal radius fractures

Fractures of the distal radius are the most common fractures that occur in patients between ages 15 and 75 years. Many methods for treating displaced distal radius fractures are available. All forms of treatment involve obtaining fracture reduction, which may then be maintained by casting, functional bracing, external fixation, percutaneous pinning, internal fixation, or a combination of these methods. This article discusses the indications and technique of fracture treatment with external fixation and, when required, adjuvant percutaneous pins.     

B、C型桡骨远端骨折的治疗

目的 探讨AO分类B、C型桡骨远端骨折的治疗方法。方法 对93例B、C型桡骨远端骨折采用手法复位石膏固定、闭合性复位经皮克氏针内固定及切开复位钢板螺钉内固定。结果 全部病例均随访2年以上。优良率：手法复位石膏固定组为82．05％，经皮克氏针内固定组为81．82％，切开复位钢板螺钉内固定组为80．95％。结论 手法复位能达到解剖或近似解剖复位并经石膏固定可达到良好固定者应采用非手术治疗；Bl、B3、C1型中的Colles骨折应采用闭合性复位经皮克氏针内固定；B2、Cl、C2型中的Simth骨折应采用切开复位钢板螺钉内固定；C3型骨折因干骺端粉碎应采用松质骨移植恢复桡骨的长度；伴有严重的骨质疏松的患者避免用内固定治疗。     

经皮克氏针联合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折

目的探讨经皮克氏针联合外固定之架治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的临床疗效。方法2003年9月～2007年9月采用经皮克氏针联合外固定支架治疗43例桡骨远端不稳定性骨折。按AO分类均属C型骨折：C1型10例,C2型21例,C3型12例。术中先在桡骨桡背侧及第二掌骨上打入2枚外固定之架螺钉,C形臂透视下手法复位后,安装外固定之架。对于关节面或骨块间不平整、有明显碎骨块且无法通过手法牵引复位者,用克氏针在透视下撬拨骨折片,若骨折块复位后不稳定,经皮克氏针固定。对有骨缺损者,小切口植骨。结果43例术中全部达到解剖复位。手术时间43～121min,平均62.4min。术中出血量6～30ml,平均15.3ml。术后住院时间3～14d,平均5.5d。43例随访6～24个月,平均12个月,均获得骨折愈合且对位良好,术后腕关节活动范围明显改善,疗效依照Dienst功能评估标准进行评定：优30例,良8例,可5例,优良率88.4%（38/43）。结论经皮克氏针有限内固定联合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折操作简单,固定可靠,疗效满意。     

A Case of Brodie's Abscess in Distal Radius of Pediatric following Percutaneous Fixation

Distal radius fractures are among the most common pediatric fractures. In unstable fractures, treatment methods include closed or open reduction and percutaneous pinning with Kirschner wire (K-wire). This report presents a 13-year-old boy with an unstable distal radius and ulnar fractures, following an accident, who was treated with open reduction and K-wire fixation. He had pain and limited wrist range of motion for 6 months. Conventional radiography revealed a lytic lesion with evident sclerotic margin. Chronic osteomyelitis and Brodie''s abscess were also indicated. A complete curettage and antibiotic therapy for 3 months was successful. Culturing results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and pathologic findings were in favor of chronic osteomyelitis. Subacute osteomyelitis and Brodie''s abscess are rare retarded complications in percutaneous pinning of distal radius pediatric fractures. The curettage of the lesion and antibiotic therapy for at least 3 months would be successful and could result in good prognosis among children.     

HoffmannⅡ Compact外固定架结合有限内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨HoffmannⅡCompact外固定架结合经皮克氏针有限内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用HoffmannⅡCompact外固定架加经皮克氏针有限内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折32例。结果32例均获随访,时间5-18（8±1.3）个月,骨折均骨性愈合,愈合时间35个月。术前尺偏角为-13°-14°（11.0°±2.1°）,掌倾角为-28°-0°（-9.5°±1.1°）;去除支架后测量：尺偏角为18°-34°（22.5°±2.5°）,掌倾角为0°-21°（12.5°±2.1°）,桡骨轴向缩短基本恢复正常,其中1例C3型缩短2 mm。关节功能按Dienst标准进行评定：优11例,良19例,可2例。结论Hoffmann Ⅱ Compact外固定架结合有限内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折操作简单、固定可靠、疗效满意、并发症少。     

Avoidance and treatment of complications of distal radius fractures

The treatment of distal radius fractures continues to be fraught with complications. The more widespread use of internal fixation and supple-mental bone grafting with external fixation has decreased the incidence of malunions from closed-cast treatment and percutaneous pinning, but increased the risk of the complications specific to surgical intervention. Careful diagnosis, surgical planning, surgical technique, and postoperative rehabilitation can help optimize outcome in these difficult fractures.     

微创内固定加外固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨微创内固定加外固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的方法及临床疗效。方法对44例桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的患者，应用微创内固定加外固定的方法进行治疗。骨折按AO／ASIF分型属A3型11例、C1型7例、C2型12例、C3型14例，均为闭合性损伤。结果术后随访1～2年，平均1．3年。44例腕部骨折均获得愈合，平均愈合时间为7．3周，骨折对位良好，腕关节功能完全恢复或大部分恢复，按Dienst功能评估标准进行综合评定：优15例，良25例，可4例。结论微创内固定加外固定术操作简单，创伤小，并发症少，是治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的理想方法。