Carcinoma basocelular de la vulva. Descripción de dos casos y revisión de la literatura

—Although basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the skin, vulvar basal cell carcinoma accounts for less than 5% of all vulvar neoplasms.We are reporting the cases of basal cell carcinoma of two women aged 43 and 66, that showed vulvar ulcer, itching and bleeding. Both patients had excisional biopsy; one developed local recurrence and was treated by wide local reexcision.Basal cell carcinoma is a rare but important consideration in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous vulvar lesions. Accurate diagnosis depends upon a high index of suspicion, biopsy and histopathologic examination. Complete local excision is curative, although the recurrence rate is high, and metastases have been reported.     

Evaluación de la regresión en melanomas primarios sucesivos

Introduction and objectivesIt has been suggested that patients who have had a melanoma may develop increased immunity against certain antigens expressed by tumor-associated melanocytes. Thus our objective was to review the records of patients with successive primary melanomas to ascertain whether the pattern of regression might indicate the presence of an immunization effect arising from the first melanoma.Material and methodsA review of all the cases recorded in the melanoma database of our dermatology department between 2000 and 2012 identified 19 patients who had multiple asynchronous melanomas (2.56% of all the cases recorded). We studied the presence or absence of regression in these melanomas and other clinical and histological characteristics.ResultsThe presence of regression was significantly higher in successive melanomas than in the first tumors identified (42.10% vs 21.05%, P = .018). Regression of at least 1 melanoma was observed in 42.10% of the patients studied and regression of 2 melanomas was observed in 21.05%. In no case was regression observed in the first melanoma and not in the second; however, in 21.05% of the patients there was evidence of regression in the second tumor and none in the first.ConclusionsOur findings suggest the possibility that the first melanoma produces an immunization effect in some patients who develop multiple asynchronous melanomas.     

Evaluación de la vida sexual y de la satisfacción matrimonial en pacientes con verruga anogenital

Anogenital wart (AGW) resulting from human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of AGW on patients‘marital satisfaction and sexual function. This cross-sectional study was consisted of 74 consecutive patients including 37 patients with AGW and 37 healthy controls. ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale were completed and analyzed for all patients. ENRICH scale items were not significantly different between the two groups. Sexual function was found to be lower in female than male patients (P < .001). According to our findings marital satisfaction was not affected by AGW. However, a history of previous treatment for HPV decreased the marital satisfaction. In addition, AGW had more adverse effects on females’ sexual function compared to males. Our findings suggest that the psychiatric treatments should be considered when managing an AGW patient.     

Hemangioendotelioma retiforme: descripción de dos casos y revisión de la literatura

Retiform hemangioendothelioma (RH) is a rare vascular neoplasm with distinctive morphological features that, provided a high rate of local recurrences an occasional metastases, was first described as an angiosarcoma of flow malignancy grade. Twenty three well-documented cases have been previously reported. We report two new cases of RH and review the literature. One patient was a 82 year old female with a slow growing, indurated, and ill-defined plaque in the dorsum of the right hand; the other patient was a 31-year-old female with a tumor in the sole. Histologically both tumors showed the characteristic features of RH with a dermohypodermal infiltrative proliferation of elongated, arborescent and thin-walled vascular channels lined with hobnail endothelial cells without atypia nor mitotic figures. The differential diagnosis has to be made with Dabska’ tumour, hobnail hemangioma and conventional angiosarcoma. The report of new cases of this infrequent vascular tumour can be of help in determining more precisely the clinical and morphologic spectrum of RH.     

Realidades y retos de la fotoprotección en la infancia

One of the main goals of all skin cancer prevention campaigns is to protect children from ultraviolet radiation. However, little is known about how sun exposure risks differ between adults and children or about how these risks are best managed. Children's skin is more susceptible to sun damage for a number of reasons, including certain anatomical and functional aspects in children under 2 years of age and habits that predispose to greater sun exposure during the first 2 decades of life. Oil-based emulsions containing inorganic filters appear to be safest sunscreens for children, although the addition of certain organic filters is necessary to achieve a sun protection factor of 50. Oxybenzone, and probably also octocrylene, should be avoided in sunscreens for children. Sunscreen use should be part of an overall sun protection strategy that includes avoidance of exposure to midday sun and the use of protective clothing and hats.The above considerations justify the implementation of primary prevention campaigns focused on sun protection education for children and the continuation of basic and epidemiological research into specific sun protection strategies and sunscreens for each age group.     

Lupus eritematoso neonatal. Descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura

—Neonatal lupus erithematosus is an infrequent condition that is acquired by a transplacental way. Skin and heart are the most frequently affected organs; in 10% of cases, both are involved. Cutaneous lesions disappear spontaneously whereas heart involvement persists without improvement and is letal in 10% of cases in spite of pacemarker implantation.We report a case of neonatal lupus erythematosus in a 4-month-old girl, with extensive cutaneous affectation, and liver involvement without clinical manifestations. Disease evolution was indolent; cutaneous lesions cleared spontaneously, leaving hipopygmentation and telangiectasies, and transaminases decreased to normal levels.We review the most important features of this condition.     

Validación de la versión española del cuestionario Wound-QoL

Background and aimsThe Wound-QoL is a validated and feasible questionnaire for measuring disease-specific health-related quality of life in chronic wounds, originally developed for use in German.The objective of this study was to translate the Wound-QoL for use in clinical care and in clinical trials in Spain and to validate this version.Materials and methodsTwo independent fourth- and back translations of the Wound-QoL from the original German version were conducted, followed by an expert consensus of the resulting versions. After refinement, the final tool was piloted in N = 10 patients and then used in the validation study.ResultsA total of 115 patients were recruited. Mean age was 69.5 (SD 14.5) years, 60.0% were female. The Spanish version of Wound-QoL showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.8 in all scales). Factor analysis resulted in the same scales as the original version. There were satisfactory distribution characteristics of the global score and the subscales. Construct validity and convergent validity with other outcomes (generic QoL, healing rate) were satisfactory. The vast majority of patients considered the Wound-QoL a simple and feasible tool. Mean time needed for completing the questionnaire was 5 minutes. Overall, 99.1% of the participants found it easy to understand the questions and 94.7% stated that the questionnaire suits the personal situation.ConclusionsThe Spanish version of the Wound-QoL shows good validity in clinical practice. It can be recommended for use in clinical routine and trials.     

Problemas de la CIE-10 para la codificación de diagnósticos dermatológicos. Estudio DIADERM

Background and objectives

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) has some shortcomings when it comes to coding certain dermatological disorders. To overcome these shortcomings, a compatible version of the ICD-10 specifically adapted to dermatology was produced in Spain in 1999. The recent DIADERM study recorded 10 999 dermatological diagnoses using a representative sample of dermatologists working at outpatient clinics in Spain. The aims of the current study were to identify diagnoses from the DIADERM study that could not be coded using the adapted ICD-10, determine why, and check if they could be coded using the draft ICD-11.

Actualización del tratamiento tópico en psoriasis: aportación de la combinación de calcipotriol y dipropionato de betametasona en espuma

Topical agents are the first-line treatment for mild and moderate psoriasis, but factors such as frequency of administration, organoleptic properties, and the limited short term results can reduce treatment adherence and effectiveness.Innovations in topical treatments are linked not only to the discovery of new molecules, but also to the reformulation of existing active ingredients based on improvements to administration, organoleptic properties, bioavailability, and ease of use. Calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate aerosol foam is a new formulation in which the active ingredients are dissolved in a mixture of volatile propellants that evaporate quickly, leaving a supersaturated solution of calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate that enhances penetration into the epidermis.In this article, we take a look at the new calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate aerosol formulation and briefly review the main evidence supporting the use of topical treatments for psoriasis.     

Revisión actualizada del tratamiento tópico de la psoriasis

Topical therapy continues to be one of the pillars of psoriasis management. Topical corticosteroids and vitamin D analogs are the drugs of choice during the induction phase, and vitamin D analogs continue to be drugs of choice for maintenance therapy. Tazarotene and dithranol are suitable options in patients with certain, specific characteristics. The calcineurin inhibitors can be considered to be second-line treatment for psoriasis of the face and flexures. The efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination of betamethasone and calcipotriol in the induction phase is greater than that of either drug alone. The combination of corticosteroids with salicylic acid achieves better results than corticosteroids in monotherapy. None of the drugs evaluated stands out over the others in all clinical situations, and their use must therefore be individualized in each patient and adjusted according to the course of the disease.     

Infección cutánea por Mycobacterium marinum. Descripción de tres casos y revisión de la literatura

—Mycobacterium marinum is a causative pathogen of skin and soft tissue infections. Infection often occurs when the microorganism is inoculated by exposure to contaminated water of aquariums and swimming-pools. Mycobacterium marinum is only infectious in erosive skin; therefore, the most common locations are the body areas exposed to traumatism.Three cases of cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium marinum are described. Cultures from skin biopsy specimens revealed this organism in all cases. Patients received antibiotic treatment with different response in all of them.We discuss the characteristics of cutaneous infection caused by this mycobacteria, as well as the need of an adequate diferential diagnosis to carry out an appropriate diagnosis and treatment, in order to avoid the appearance of complications.     

Situación actual de la prevención del cáncer de piel: una revisión sistemática

Skin cancer deaths continue to rise despite the implementation of numerous preventive campaigns and programs. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate reviews of primary and secondary skin cancer prevention strategies as reported over the past 10 years. We analyzed 63 systematic reviews and meta-analyses: 30 (46.6%) addressing primary interventions and 35 (55.6%) addressing secondary interventions. Two of the reviews covered both. The most widely reported primary prevention approaches were education programs (63.3%), followed by risk modeling to identify individuals at high risk for melanoma (17.6%), and the promotion of sunscreen use (11.8%). The most widely reported secondary prevention measures concerned imaging systems for early skin cancer detection (40%), smartphones and new technologies (22.9%), and visual diagnosis in population-based screening (17.4%). The most effective measures were primary prevention education programs to improve sun protection habits.