导引通道辅助经皮置钉治疗无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折

目的 分析新型导引通道辅助经皮椎弓根置钉治疗无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折的手术时间、射线暴露时间及置钉准确性.方法 收集2010年7月至2012年10月采用新型导引通道辅助经皮椎弓根置钉技术治疗的35例无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折患者临床资料,同一术者共完成178枚椎弓根螺钉置钉.记录分析每枚椎弓根螺钉置人时间及术者射线暴露时间,根据术后连续2次手术节段CT扫描结果,对置钉准确性进行分级和评估.结果 本组置钉技术成功率为100％.单枚椎弓根螺钉平均置钉时间为(11.35±2.82) min,平均射线暴露时间为(8.06±2.15)s;156枚(87.64％)螺钉评定为A级,20枚螺钉(11.24％)为B级,1枚螺钉(0.56％)为C级,l枚螺钉(0.56％)为D级.结论 新型导引通道有助于辅助经皮椎弓根置钉过程中定位穿刺点,提高置钉准确性,明显减少置钉时间及射线暴露时间.     

胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入中"漏斗技术"的准确性研究

目的 探讨"漏斗技术"在胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入中的准确性,并对该技术的实验和临床应用一致性进行比较.方法 回顾性分析2006年8月-2008年7月至少有1枚螺钉置于T1～T12的3具人类尸体标本和11例患者的资料.由一位缺乏胸椎弓根螺钉置钉经验的年轻脊柱外科医师采用"漏斗技术"完成全部螺钉的置入.根据术后薄层CT扫描评估置钉准确性及各种并发症.结果 平均随访时间23.1个月,未见医源性血管、神经或内脏损伤等并发症;置钉失败率在标本和患者分别为14%(10/72)和15%(8/55);标本和患者危险性穿破分别为2枚(3%)和1枚(2%);置钉准确性在标本和患者之间差异无统计学意义;11例患者中,6枚(11%)螺钉穿破椎弓根外侧壁,1枚(2%)螺钉穿破椎弓根内侧壁,1枚(2%)螺钉穿破椎弓根上壁,未见椎弓根下壁和前壁穿破;患者置钉准确性比较:T1～T4比T5～T8(P＞0.05)、T1～T4比T9～T12(P＞0.05)、T1～T8比T9～T12(P＞0.05).在所有患者中,仅1枚螺钉需要重置.年轻脊柱外科医师在第1、第2、第3具标本上发生置钉失败数分别为6枚、3枚和1枚.结论 "漏斗技术"是一种简单、安全、准确和经济的椎弓根螺钉置入方法.实验研究与临床应用一致,通过该技术使年轻医师迅速安全、准确置入胸椎弓根螺钉成为可能.     

胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入中"漏斗技术"的准确性研究

目的 探讨"漏斗技术"在胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入中的准确性,并对该技术的实验和临床应用一致性进行比较.方法 回顾性分析2006年8月-2008年7月至少有1枚螺钉置于T1～T12的3具人类尸体标本和11例患者的资料.由一位缺乏胸椎弓根螺钉置钉经验的年轻脊柱外科医师采用"漏斗技术"完成全部螺钉的置入.根据术后薄层CT扫描评估置钉准确性及各种并发症.结果 平均随访时间23.1个月,未见医源性血管、神经或内脏损伤等并发症;置钉失败率在标本和患者分别为14%(10/72)和15%(8/55);标本和患者危险性穿破分别为2枚(3%)和1枚(2%);置钉准确性在标本和患者之间差异无统计学意义;11例患者中,6枚(11%)螺钉穿破椎弓根外侧壁,1枚(2%)螺钉穿破椎弓根内侧壁,1枚(2%)螺钉穿破椎弓根上壁,未见椎弓根下壁和前壁穿破;患者置钉准确性比较:T1～T4比T5～T8(P＞0.05)、T1～T4比T9～T12(P＞0.05)、T1～T8比T9～T12(P＞0.05).在所有患者中,仅1枚螺钉需要重置.年轻脊柱外科医师在第1、第2、第3具标本上发生置钉失败数分别为6枚、3枚和1枚.结论 "漏斗技术"是一种简单、安全、准确和经济的椎弓根螺钉置入方法.实验研究与临床应用一致,通过该技术使年轻医师迅速安全、准确置入胸椎弓根螺钉成为可能.     

腰椎骨折患者螺旋CT设计钉道行腰椎椎弓根置钉的准确性及安全性分析

目的 探讨基于螺旋CT影像中钉道位置判断腰椎骨折患者椎弓根置钉的参数变化、准确性及安全性。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年1月120例采用螺旋CT设计钉道行腰椎椎弓根置钉的腰椎骨折患者作为观察组,另选取采用传统Weinstein法进行腰椎椎弓根置钉的腰椎骨折患者120例作为对照组。分析观察组螺旋CT测定腰椎椎弓根钉道参数,并对比2组腰椎椎弓根置钉准确率、安全率、完成钉道准备时间及置钉出血量。结果 观察组L_1～5节段椎弓根轴线与棘突轴线成角、椎弓根宽度逐渐增大(P<0.05);L_1～4节段入钉点至椎体前缘距离无明显变化,到L₅节段明显减小(P<0.05)。同一椎体左右两侧椎弓根轴线与棘突轴线成角、椎弓根宽度、入钉点至椎体前缘距离比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性L_1～5节段椎弓根轴线与棘突轴线成角、椎弓根宽度、入钉点至椎体前缘距离均大于女性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。双侧最小椎弓根宽度为(8.13±0.59)mm,为安全进钉区域,可安全容纳3.5 mm螺钉...     

CT三维重建在胸腰椎骨折椎弓根钉置入中的应用

目的探讨CT三维重建技术在胸腰椎骨折椎弓根钉置入中的指导意义和临床效果。方法19例胸腰椎骨折病例术前CT扫描三维重建影像,用三维重建软件测定和标注椎弓根最佳进钉点、角度、钉直径和长度,术中按此数据指导下行徒手置钉操作,术后评估一次置钉成功率和置钉效果。结果共80枚椎弓根钉均一次置钉成功,术后CT扫描椎弓根钉位置优77枚,良3枚,差0枚。结论利用CT三维重建技术辅助胸腰椎骨折椎弓根钉置入,可以显著提高置入的一次性成功率和准确性。     

下颈椎椎弓根螺钉并发症分析

目的 分析下颈椎椎弓根螺钉的并发症,总结其手术技巧和经验.方法 回顾性分析2004年7月-2008年3月采用C3～7椎弓根螺钉治疗的各类颈椎损伤患者112例(共使用624枚螺钉).创伤患者66例均行后路I期复位,双侧椎弓根钉棒/板系统固定;非创伤患者46例,予椎管减压,后路钉棒/板系统矫形或重建稳定性.所有患者结合术中颈椎椎弓根四壁探查、术后手术节段椎弓根CT扫描及颈椎左、右斜位X线片,观察螺钉在椎弓根内的位置、角度以及与椎弓根壁的关系和距离.结果 椎弓根壁损伤77枚(12.3%),其中外侧壁损伤68枚(10.9%),包括Ⅰ度损伤56枚(9.0%),Ⅱ度损伤12枚(1.9%);下壁损伤9枚(1.4%).随访时间3～24个月(平均9.8个月).断钉2枚(0.3%),松动1枚(0.2%).未发现植骨不融合、假关节形成或节段不稳表现.结论 下颈椎椎弓根置钉的并发症发生率较低,是相对安全的操作方法.术前详细分析影像学资料、熟悉局部解剖特点、掌握合理的置钉技术,可以有效减少和避免并发症的发生.     

术前CT测量胸腰椎椎弓根相关参数在螺钉内固定术中的应用

目的探讨术前CT测量胸腰椎椎弓根相关参数在椎弓根螺钉内固定术中的应用价值。方法 63例胸腰椎椎弓根损伤患者于螺钉内固定术前均行拟固定椎体节段的椎弓根层面薄层CT扫描,图像传输至PACS医生诊断工作站,选择椎弓根最宽层面测量以下参数:椎弓根水平面角(PHA),椎弓根轴心线长度(PAL),钉道长度(LSC),椎弓根内横径(PTD)。结果 T1～12及L1～5椎弓根水平面角逐渐增大;T1～10及L1～4椎弓根轴心线长度逐渐增长,T111、2较T10短,L5较L4短,S1较L5短;T1～6椎弓根内横径逐渐变小,T7～12椎弓根内横径逐渐增大。胸腰段椎弓根水平面角、内横径及轴心线长度在不同个体及不同节段存在差异性。根据椎弓根水平面角,确定进钉的方向,根据椎弓根内横径,选择螺钉的最大直径,根据椎弓根轴心线长度,确定螺钉的总长度和螺钉植入深度。根据CT测量椎弓根相关数据进行个性化置钉,术后CT扫描证实螺钉全部准确置入椎弓根内。结论通过术前CT测量不同节段胸腰椎椎弓根相关数据,制定个性化的置钉方案,可提高置钉准确率及减少并发症。     

先天性脊柱侧弯椎弓根螺钉置入术后螺钉位置的CT评价

目的 探讨MSCT在评价先天性脊柱侧弯椎弓根螺钉置入术后位置的应用价值.方法 选择有完整术后CT资料的先天性脊柱侧弯患者25例,共计156枚椎弓根螺钉进行MSCT评价螺钉置入椎弓根的准确性,其中颈椎螺钉43枚,胸椎螺钉81枚,腰骶椎螺钉32枚,观察螺钉在椎弓根内的位置,记录螺钉穿透骨壁的位置、数目和距离.结果 在置入的156枚椎弓根螺钉中,124枚螺钉(79.5%)完全位于椎弓根内,32枚螺钉(20.5%)发生错置,其中23枚螺 钉(71.9%)穿破皮质≤2 mm,8枚螺钉(25%)穿破皮质在2～4 mm,1枚(3.1%)穿破皮质≥4 mm.在螺钉穿破椎弓根的方向中,椎弓根外 侧 壁占46.9%,内侧壁占25%,上壁占12.5%,下壁占15.6%.凸侧共置入螺钉86枚,错置12枚,准确率为86%;凹侧共置入螺钉70枚,错置20枚,准确率为71.4%,凹侧与凸侧螺钉置入准确率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).在错置的32枚螺钉中,胸椎椎弓根穿透率明显高于颈椎和腰骶椎(P<0.05),分别为27.2%(22/81),14%(6/43),12.5%(4/32).结论 MSCT是评价椎弓根螺钉位置的一种重要检查方法,对先天性脊柱侧弯患者术后进行MSCT检查具有重要的临床意义.     

O形臂导航辅助与徒手置钉治疗AO分型C型胸腰椎骨折的疗效比较

目的比较O形臂导航辅助置钉与徒手置钉治疗AO分型C型胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法采用回顾性队列研究分析2018年1月至2021年6月河南省人民医院收治的34例C型胸腰椎骨折患者临床资料, 其中男23例, 女11例;年龄42～63岁[(50.4±7.4)岁]。损伤节段:T11 4例, T12 10例, L1 12例, L2 6例, T11～12、L1 1例, T12、L1 1例。均采用后路复位内固定治疗, 其中18例采用O形臂导航辅助椎弓根螺钉置入(导航组), 16例采用徒手椎弓根螺钉置入(徒手组)。比较两组手术时间、单枚螺钉置入时间、术中出血量、手术方式及置钉准确率;比较两组术前、术后1周、术后3个月及末次随访时胸腰椎后凸Cobb角、视觉模拟评分(VAS)及美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)分级;观察术后并发症情况。结果患者均获随访12～29个月[(16.8±6.1)个月]。两组手术时间、术中出血量及手术方式差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。导航组单枚螺钉置入时间为(9.4±1.6)min, 徒手组为(10.8±1.5)min(P<0.05);导航组置钉准确率为97.4%, 徒手组为...     

经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定选择性治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗单节段无神经症状的胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法选择2009年3月～2010年6月在我院住院治疗的14例单节段无神经症状的胸腰椎骨折患者,进行三节段经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗,并以同期19例采用传统后路切开复位椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗的类似患者作为对照,对比分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、带支具起床时间、透视次数、后凸畸形矫正率等。结果与开放手术组相比,经皮手术组住院时间、带支具起床时间明显缩短,术中出血量、术后引流量明显减少,手术时间、透视次数无明显增加;两组术前术后Cobb角、伤椎椎体前缘高度均显著恢复。结论在严格手术适应证前提下,经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折能取得满意疗效。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.