元宝草中2个新化合物

目的研究元宝草Hypericum sampsonii地上部分的化学成分。方法采用HP-20大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、RP-HPLC分离手段进行分离纯化,利用波谱学的方法鉴定化合物结构。结果从元宝草地上部分60%乙醇提取物中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为2,4,6-三甲氧基-3′,5′-二羟基二苯甲酮(1)、2,4,6-三甲氧基-3′-羟基二苯甲酮-5′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(2)、2-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基二苯甲酮(3)、2,4,6,3′,5′-五甲氧基二苯甲酮(4)。结论化合物1和2为2个新的二苯甲酮类化合物,分别命名为元宝草素A和元宝草素B;化合物3和4为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

腺梗豨莶中2个新的氧化脂类成分

目的 研究腺梗豨莶Siegesbeckia pubescens地上部分的化学成分.方法 利用正相硅胶柱色谱、薄层色谱等方法进行了化学成分的分离和纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行了结构鉴定.结果 从腺梗豨莶地上部分乙醇提取物中分离得到了3个氧化脂类成分,分别鉴定为3-豆蔻酰氧基-2-异丁酰氧基-4-甲基戊酸(1)、3-豆蔻酰氧基-2-羟基-4-甲基戊酸(2)和γ-十二烷基-α-羟基-γ-内酯(3).结论 化合物1和2为首次报道的氧化脂类新化合物,分别命名为豨莶脂A和豨莶脂B,化合物3为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

花刺参中两个新的四环三萜化合物

目的从花刺参Stichopus variegatus中分离活性皂苷类成分。方法将花刺参体内得到的总皂苷溶于吡啶-2-二氧六环(1︰1)的混合液中,130℃加热2.5 h,应用多种色谱技术对回流产物进行分离纯化,得到2个三萜皂苷类化合物。结果应用现代光谱技术(2D-NMR和ESI-MS)和化学方法鉴定其结构,分别为3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)-4′-O-磺酸钠-β-D-吡喃木糖]-海参烷-9-烯-3β,12α,17α,25β-四醇,命名为花刺参苷A(variegatuside A,1);3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-16β-乙酰氧基-海参烷-9-烯-22,25-环氧-3β,12α,17α-三醇,命名为花刺参苷B(variegatuside B,2)。结论化合物1和2均为新化合物。     

Bioactivity-guided isolation of antiproliferative compounds from Centaurea arenaria

The antiproliferative effects of n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous methanol extracts prepared from the whole plant of Centaurea arenaria M.B. ex Willd. were investigated against cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) and skin epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells, using the MTT assay. The chloroform extract displayed high tumour cell proliferation inhibitory activity (higher than 85% at 10 μg/mL concentration), and was therefore subjected to a bioassay-guided multistep separation procedure. Flavonoids (eupatilin, eupatorin, 3'-methyleupatorin, apigenin and isokaempferid), lignans (arctigenin, arctiin and matairesinol), the sesquiterpene cnicin, serotonin conjugates (moschamine and cis-moschamine), β-amyrin and β-sitosterin-β-D-glycopyranoside, identified by means of UV, MS and NMR spectroscopy, were obtained for the first time from this species. The isolated compounds were also evaluated for their tumour cell growth inhibitory activities on HeLa, MCF7 and A431 cells, and different types of secondary metabolites were found to be responsible for the antitumour effects of the extracts; in addition to moderately active compounds (isokaempferid and moschamine), especially apigenin, eupatorin, arctigenin, arctiin, matairesinol and cnicin exert marked antitumour effects against these cell lines.     

中华青牛胆中2个新的木脂素葡萄糖苷

目的研究中华青牛胆Tinospora sinensis的化学成分及其体外抗神经炎症活性。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS和制备型HPLC等色谱分离技术对化学成分进行分离纯化,并运用理化性质结合现代谱学(ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、ECD)解析技术进行结构鉴定。利用脂多糖(LPS)诱导的BV-2小胶质细胞模型进行抗神经炎症活性筛选。结果从中华青牛胆藤茎的95%乙醇水提取物中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为中华青牛胆木脂苷C(1)、中华青牛胆木脂苷D(2)、裂环异落叶松脂醇-9-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、(+)-松脂醇-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、(+)-丁香脂素(5)、tanegoside A(6)、(E)-3-[(2,3-trans)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl]-N-(4-hydroxy-phenethyl)acrylamide(7)、银钩花胺酰B(8)、反式-N-p-香豆酰基酪胺(9)、N-反式-阿魏酰酪胺(10)、N-反式-咖啡酰酪胺(11)、克罗酰胺K(12)、顺式-克罗酰胺K(13)。发现7个化合物具有抗神经炎症活性。结论所分离鉴定的化合物包括木脂素和生物碱,其中化合物1和2为新化合物,3、5、7、8、10~13为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物9和10的活性强于阳性对照米诺环素。     

穆库尔没药中的2个新吉玛烷型倍半萜

目的研究穆库尔没药Commiphora mukul树脂的化学成分。方法采用硅胶和Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法进行分离纯化,运用波谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从穆库尔没药树脂醋酸乙酯提取物中分离获得2个吉玛烷型倍半萜化合物,分别鉴定为1α,8α,12α-三羟基-2β-甲氧基-8,12-环氧吉玛烷-7(11),9-二烯-6-酮(1)和1α,8β,12α-三羟基-2β-甲氧基-8,12-环氧吉玛烷-7(11),9-二烯-6-酮(2)。结论 2个吉玛烷型倍半萜化合物1和2为未见文献报道的新化合物,分别命名为穆库尔素A(1)和穆库尔素B(2)。     

伊犁贝母中2个新的甾体生物碱

目的研究伊犁贝母Fritillaria pallidiflora鳞茎的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱等色谱方法进行分离纯化,应用质谱、核磁等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果从伊犁贝母鳞茎80%乙醇水溶液提取物的环己烷部位分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为伊贝新(1)、伊贝嗪(2)、2′-甲氧基邪蒿内酯(3)、1-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2′R)-(2′-羟基二十二碳酰)氨基]-1,3,4-十八碳三醇-8-烯(4)。结论化合物1、2为新的甾体生物碱。     

假升麻中2个新的单萜苷类化合物

目的研究假升麻Aruncus sylvester根的化学成分。方法采用大孔树脂、硅胶及反相ODS柱色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,并综合运用NMR、HR-ESI-MS等波谱手段以及ECD计算等方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从假升麻乙醇提取物正丁醇萃取部分中分离得到2个新的单萜苷,分别鉴定为(2E,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-3-[2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)ethylidene]-5-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one(1)、(2Z,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-3-[2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)ethylidene]-5-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one(2)。结论化合物1和2均为新化合物,分别命名为假升麻苷A和假升麻苷B。     

连翘中的2个多元醇类新化合物

目的对连翘Forsythia suspensa的化学成分进行研究。方法通过大孔吸附树脂、Sephadex LH-20、反相HPLC等多种色谱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从连翘的50%乙醇提取物中分离得到2个化合物,分别鉴定为(2R,3S)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯)-3-甲氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇(1)和2-甲基己烷-1,2,3,6-四醇(2)。结论化合物1为新立体构型化合物,化合物2为新化合物,分别命名为(2R,3S)-forsythiayanoside D和连翘己四醇。     

Inhibitory effects of Solidago chilensis Meyen hydroalcoholic extract on acute inflammation

Aim of the study

Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic preparations of the plant Solidago chilensis Meyen (Asteraceae) are employed in popular medicines to treat inflammation.The anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of the plant (93% ethanol) were investigated and the main components of the extract were identified.

Materials and methods

Ear oedema was induced in male Wistar rats by topical application of the chloroform fraction of latex-extract from Euphorbia milii. Leukocyte mobilisation was quantified after air-pouch inflammation evoked by oyster glycogen. Leukocyte–endothelial interactions and mast cell degranulation were quantified by intravital microscopy. The extract itself was characterised via HPLC–DAD–MS and HPLC–MS/MS.

Results

Topical (12.5–50 mg/kg) or intraperitoneal (25 or 50 mg/kg) administrations of the extract reduced ear oedema formation (>25% reduction). Intraperitoneal applications of 25 mg/kg of extract inhibited the migration of polymorphonuclear cells into the inflamed cavity (about 50%). In addition, the rolling behaviour and adherence of circulating leukocytes to postcapillary venules of the mesentery network was diminished (50%), but the mast cell degranulation in the perivascular area was not affected. The major components of the extract were identified as caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and the flavonoid rutin.

Conclusions

The data presented herein show local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Solidago chilensis, and implicate the inhibition of leukocyte–endothelial interactions as an important mechanism of the extract's action.     

维药阿里红中2个新三萜酸成分

该研究旨在阐明维药阿里红的药效物质基础。采用各种现代色谱手段(MCI,ODS,硅胶等柱色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱)从阿里红甲醇提取物中分离得到2个新的羊毛甾烷型三萜酸成分,通过一维,二维核磁共振、高分辨质谱等波谱手段鉴定其结构为12β,15α-dihydroxy-24-methyl-3,23-dioxo-lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-26-oic acid(1),3α,12β-dihydroxy-24-methyl-7,23-dioxo-lanosta-8-en-26-oic acid(2)。体外抗炎和细胞毒活性测试显示,化合物1和2均未表现出抑制LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞NO的产生,以及抑制肝癌细胞HepG2生长的活性。     

Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of vernonioside B2 from Vernonia condensata

Vernonioside B2 isolated from the methanol extract of the Brazilian herb Vernonia condensata Baker was evaluated in vivo for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities. The compound reduced writhings (93.28%) and Evans blue dye diffusion (91.80%) induced by acetic acid (0.1 N) in a dose-dependent manner.     

Sesquiterpene lactones with antinociceptive and antipyretic activity from two Centaurea species

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Several Centaurea species are used to alleviate pain and inflammatory symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis, high fever, and head ache in Turkish folk medicine.

Aim of the study

The effectiveness of extracts, fractions and subfractions from dried Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis (CSS) (Asteraceae) roots and aerial parts were studied on mice.

Materials and methods

The antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis have been investigated by using p-benzoquinone-induced writhing reflex for antinociceptive activity and Freund's Complete Adjuvant-induced pyrexia model for antipyretic activity assessment in mice.

Results

The ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of the plant was shown to possess significant antinociceptive (p < 0.01) and antipyretic activities (p < 0.01). The extract was then submitted to subsequent solvent extractions and chromatographic processes. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures two sesquiterpene lactones, solstitialin A and acetyl solstitialin, were isolated and defined as the active components of CSS. On the other hand, a comparative study was conducted on another species, Centaurea depressa Bieb., which has no similar folkloric utilization. Following the same fractionation chart same compounds were defined as the active ingredients.

Conclusion

Results of the present study proved that aerial part of CSS possesses antinociceptive and antipyretic activities supporting the folkloric assertion in Turkish folk medicine. However, these effects seem not limited to CSS, some other Centaurea species, in fact, having no folkloric use might be equally active.     

桑悬浮培养细胞中2个新的Diels-Alder型加合物

目的从桑Morus alba悬浮培养细胞中分离Diels-Alder型加合物。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、C18柱色谱以及半制备高效液相等多种色谱方法进行分离纯化,结合其理化数据和NMR、MS、ECD等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从桑悬浮培养细胞78%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部分中共分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为蒙桑素H(1)、川桑素J(2)、蒙桑素F(3)、桑呋喃G(4)、artonin D(5)、桑酮R(6)、川桑素C(7)及桑呋喃E(8)。结论化合物1~8均为Diels-Alder型加合物,具有中等细胞毒活性,其中1和2为新化合物。     

甘草中2个新三萜皂苷

目的对甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis根及根茎的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱、ODS柱色谱、制备液相色谱等分离技术进行分离纯化,利用UV、MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从甘草正丁醇部分分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为macedonoside E(1)、22β-乙酰基乌拉尔甘草皂苷C(2)、甘草酸(3)、乌拉尔甘草皂苷F(4)、甘草皂苷G2(5)、22β-乙酰基甘草醛(6)、甘草酸甲酯(7)、甘草素(8)、柚皮素(9)、异甘草素(10)、芒柄花苷(11)、甘草苷(12)、异佛来心苷(13)、芹糖甘草苷(14)。结论化合物1和2为新化合物。     

Studies on the antiinflammatory principle of Mentzelia chilensis

A crude aqueous extract of Mentzelia chilensis GAY (Loasaceae), the ethyl acetate extraction thereof as well as the molecular weight fraction <1000 Dalton obtained by ultrafiltration showed antiinflammatory activity on carrageenin induced rat paw oedema. Bioassay guided isolation led to the iridoid glycoside mentzeloside (syn. deutzioside) as an active principle. Mentzeloside showed a marked and significant dose dependent inhibitory activity on carrageenin induced rat paw oedema with an ED₅₀ of 40.4 μg/kg. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

龙须草中1个新的二氢菲类化合物

目的研究龙须草Juncus setchuensis茎髓中的菲类化学成分。方法采用多种柱色谱方法分离纯化,通过理化性质及波谱分析技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果从龙须草茎髓的乙醇提取物中分离得到5个菲类化合物,分别鉴定为8-羟甲基-2-羟基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(1)、4-ethenyl-9,10-dihydro-1,8-dimethyl-2,7-phenanthrenediol(2)、厄弗酚(3)、去氢厄弗酚(4)、4-ethenyl-9,10-dihydro-7-hydroxy-8-methyl-1-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid(5)。结论化合物1为未见文献报道的具有二氢菲类结构母核的新化合物,命名为龙须草醇A。     

蛇足石杉内生真菌Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12中2个新二苯醚类成分

目的研究蛇足石杉内生真菌Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12经固体发酵培养后的代谢产物。方法利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20及半制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质及IR、MS、NMR等光谱数据鉴定化合物的结构;利用体外模型进行抗炎、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性筛选。结果从P.chrysogenum MT-12固体发酵培养后的代谢产物中共分离鉴定8个二苯醚类化合物,分别为黄青霉内酯A(1)、黄青霉内酯B(2)、talaromyone A(3)、isopenicillide(4)、penicillide(5)、hydroxypenicillide(6)、purpactin A(7)、黄青霉内酯C(8)。结论化合物1、2为新化合物,化合物3为首次从青霉属中分离得到,化合物4~8为首次从产黄青霉菌中分离得到;化合物1、2对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7的NO产生有一定抑制活性,半数抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为(72.6±2.3)、(41.2±1.4)μmol/L,而所有化合物在100μmol/L时对乙酰胆碱酯酶不显示抑制活性。     

白鹤藤中的1个新生物碱

目的研究白鹤藤Argyreia aceta的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、大孔吸附树脂、MCI GEL CHP 20P反相树脂、Sephadex LH-20、制备液相色谱等方法对其化学成分进行分离,并根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从白鹤藤中分离鉴定10个化合物,分别为咖啡酸乙酯(1)、粗毛豚草素(2)、槲皮素(3)、东莨菪苷(4)、N-反式-对香豆酰基酪胺(5)、甘露醇(6)、橙皮苷(7)、华佗豆丙碱-4′-O-β-D-(6-O-反式香豆酰基)-葡萄糖苷(8)、假荆芥属苷(9)、高车前苷(10)。结论化合物8为新化合物,命名为白鹤藤碱。化合物2、3、6、7、9、10为首次从白鹤藤中分离得到。     

中华苦荬菜中的新三萜

目的研究中华苦荬菜Ixeris chinensis全草的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱等方法分离纯化,依据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从中华苦荬菜全草中分离得到9个三萜类化合物,分别鉴定为20α-过氧羟基-3β-乌苏醇-21-烯(1)、3β,21α-二羟基羽扇豆-18-烯(2)、3β,25-二羟基-甘遂烷-7,23-二烯(3)、21α-羟基蒲公英甾醇-20(30)-烯(4)、羽扇豆醇(5)、3β-乌苏醇(6)、3β-齐墩果醇-18-烯(7)、3β-齐墩果醇(8)、3β-乌苏醇-20-烯(9)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为苦荬菜三萜醇;化合物7为首次从该植物中分离得到。