Expression of c-myc, epidermal growth factor receptor and c-erbB-2 in human endometrial carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma.

Thirty specimens of human endometrial carcinoma (n = 23) and cervical adenocarcinoma (n = 7) have been analyzed for c-myc, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-erbB-2 by immunohistochemistry. In endometrial carcinomas, expression of c-myc was observed in all cases, EGFR in 21 of 23 cases (91.3%) and c-erbB-2 in 7 of 23 cases (30.4%). In cervical adenocarcinomas, expression of c-myc was seen in 5 of 7 cases (71.6%), EGFR in all cases and c-erbB-2 in 2 of 7 cases (28.6%). c-myc immunoactivity was observed as nuclear or cytoplasmic stain or both, EGFR as membrane and cytoplasmic stain, c-erbB-2 as membrane stain. There was no relationship between expression of these three oncogenes and clinical prognostic factors in the present study.     

ING1抑癌基因、c-erbB-2癌基因在血吸虫病并结肠癌中的表达

目的：探讨血吸虫病并结肠癌与ING1及c-erbB-2基因之间的相关性及其可能作用机制。方法：采用免疫组化Envision法检测血吸虫病并结肠癌62例、无血吸虫病56例结肠癌中的ING1、c-erbB-2的表达。结果：在血吸虫病并结肠癌组中的ING1阳性表达率（35．5％）明显低于无血吸虫病结肠癌组（46．4％），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；而两组中的c-erbB-2阳性表达率的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：血吸虫病的感染对抑癌基因ING1在结肠癌发生中的失活有影响。     

乳腺癌ER、PR、c-erbB-2和nm23表达的相关性及临床病理意义

目的研究乳腺癌癌基因c-erbB-2、抑癌基因nm23和雌激素(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)的表达及意义。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测126例浸润性乳腺癌c-erbB-2、nm23及雌、孕激素受体的表达。结果①ER的表达与癌组织分化、肿瘤TNM分期及肿瘤大小呈负相关,小叶癌ER阳性率高于导管癌,而与患者年龄及淋巴结转移无显著相关性。②PR的表达与癌组织分化、肿瘤TNM分期呈负相关,与肿瘤大小、肿瘤类型、患者年龄及淋巴结转移无显著相关性。③c-erbB-2表达与肿瘤TNM分期、组织学分级、肿瘤大小及淋巴结转移呈正相关,与患者年龄、肿瘤类型无显著相关性。④乳腺癌Ⅰ期nm23表达的阳性率及阳性强度明显高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ期癌,nm23表达与组织学分级、淋巴结转移呈负相关,而与肿瘤大小及类型无显著相关性。⑤ER与PR表达呈正相关;nm23表达与ER、PR表达呈正相关,与c-erbB-2表达呈负相关;癌组织c-erbB-2与ER表达呈负相关,与PR表达无显著相关性。结论ER、PR、c-erbB-2及nm23的联合检测能够较好地反映乳腺癌病理生物学特征。     

乳腺浸润性导管癌声像图特征与c-erbB-2、ER、PR表达的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌(IDC)声像图特征与原癌基因c-erbB-2、雌激素受体(ER)及孕激素受体(PR)阳性表达间的相关性。方法 62例标本采用免疫组化二步(S-P法)法检测c-erbB-2、ER及PR表达情况。将其声像图特征与免疫组化因子(c-erbB-2、ER、PR)进行比较。结果 ER(+)50.0%(31/62),PR(+)71.0%(44/62),c-erbB-2(+)54.8%(34/62)。21例ER和PR双阳性表达中c-erbB-2阳性12例,ER和PR双阳性与c-erbB-2阳性之间呈负相关(r=-0.416,P=0.012)。声像图表现为PSV≥25 cm/s、Ⅱ～Ⅲ级血流、腋窝淋巴结破坏、乳腺间质纤维结构模糊中断及多灶性者,其癌细胞ER、PR阳性率低于对应组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。而其癌细胞c-erbB-2阳性率均分别高于对应组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 IDC部分声像图征象与c-erbB-2、ER及PR表达有一定相关性,对临床治疗及预后划断有参考价值。     

乳腺癌组织中癌基因c-erbB-2蛋白表达与复发、预后及其病理分型的相关性:47例单因素回顾

目的:探索乳腺癌组织中癌基因蛋白的表达与预后的关系,以期提出乳腺癌预后评估的有价值指标。方法:实验于2003-01/10在沈阳医学院形态中心实验室完成。材料为来自附属中心医院病理科1996～1998年存档乳腺癌组织病理蜡块47块。采用免疫组织化学方法,对47块乳腺癌病理组织进行癌基因c-erbB-2的表达检测。同时回顾病案,结合其是否有淋巴结转移,术后复发,乳腺癌分型,进行回顾性单因素相关分析。结果:①47块乳腺癌病理组织中,c-erbB-2阳性表达率为66%(31/47)。②伴有腋窝淋巴结转移的37例,c-erbB-2阳性表达率78%(29/37)明显高于无腋窝淋巴结转移的10例,c-erbB-2阳性表达率为20%(2/10)(χ2=11.95,P<0.01)。③c-erbB-2阳性表达的31例,术后复发8例,复发率为26%(8/31)。④c-erbB-2高表达时,单纯癌5例(5/47),浸润性导管癌11例(11/47),腺癌1例(1/47),粉刺癌1例(1/47),计18例(18/47)。结论:在有淋巴结转移,有复发现象时,c-erbB-2呈高表达,47块病理组织中表达率38%(18/47),c-erbB-2的表达可能对乳腺癌预后有提示价值。     

钙化及非钙化乳腺导管内原位癌超声特征及其雌激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体-2表达

目的 探讨钙化与非钙化乳腺导管内原位癌（DCIS）超声表现及其雌激素受体（ER）、人表皮生长因子受体-2（Her-2）表达的差异。方法 回顾性分析148例经手术病理证实的乳腺DCIS患者的超声征象,根据超声是否检出微钙化分为钙化组（n=66）和非钙化组（n=82）,比较2组声像图特征和ER、Her-2表达阳性率的差异。结果 钙化组与非钙化组DCIS在是否探及肿块、导管扩张、弹性成像评分差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,而边缘毛刺、后方回声、阻力指数及纵横比差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。钙化组DCIS患者ER阳性表达率为42.42%（28/66）,非钙化组为69.51%（57/82）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;钙化组DCIS患者Her-2阳性表达率为30.30%（20/66）,非钙化组为14.63%（12/82）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.02）。结论 钙化与非钙化DCIS超声表现存在差异,非钙化DCIS患者ER阳性表达率高,钙化DCIS患者Her-2阳性表达率高,提示伴钙化的DCIS更具侵袭性。     

MCM4与c-erbB-2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的检测MCM4、C—erbB-2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌（IDC）组织中表达的改变及其在癌发生、发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测80例IDC、20例乳腺不典型增生和30例乳腺腺病等非癌病变旁正常乳腺组织中MCM4、c-erbB-2蛋白的表达情况。结果80例IDC、20例不典型增生组织中MCM4蛋白的阳性率分别为86．25％、70％,与正常对照组比较差异极显著（P〈0．01）。IDC组织中c—erbB-2蛋白的阳性率为65％,与不典型增生组及正常对照组比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。乳腺癌组中MCM4蛋白的阳性表达与组织学分级、TNM分期、淋巴结转移及肿瘤大小有关（P〈0．05）,与年龄无关。c-erbB-2蛋白的阳性表达与淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）,而与组织学分级、TNM分期、肿瘤大小及年龄无关。MCM4蛋白的阳性表达与c—erbB-2的表达呈正相关（r=O．240,P〈0．05）。结论MCM4蛋白阳性表达可作为乳腺癌发生、发展的生物学指标,联合c-erbB-2检测有助于乳腺癌预后的判断及I临床治疗的指导。     

乳腺导管内癌及乳腺导管内癌伴微小浸润癌临床、X线与病理表现对照

目的 探讨乳腺导管内癌（DCIS）及乳腺导管内癌伴微小浸润癌（DCIS-MI）的临床、X线及病理表现差异。方法 回顾性分析133例经手术病理证实的DCIS及DCIS-MI患者的临床、X线及病理学资料,其中DCIS组93例（96侧）,DCIS-MI组40例（40侧）。结果 DCIS组49侧（49/96,51.04%）、DCIS-MI组10侧（10/40,25.00%）触诊阴性,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。DCIS组淋巴结转移均为阴性,DCIS-MI组4侧（4/40,10.00%）前哨淋巴结转移,7侧（7/40,17.50%）腋淋巴结转移,差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。两组X线主要征象差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）,其中DCIS组单纯钙化比例较高（41/96,42.71%）,DCIS-MI组钙化伴局灶性不对称/肿块比例较高（24/40,60.00%）;两组钙化形态及分布差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,DCIS组钙化形态主要呈细小多形性（39/57,68.42%）,成簇（25/57,43.86%）及段样（31/57,54.39%）分布,DCIS-MI组钙化形态多呈线样分支状（14/27,51.85%）,段样（18/27,66.67%）分布。两组病灶最大径、组织学分级、分子亚型及Ki-67指数差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。结论 DCIS与DCIS-MI临床表现、X线征象及病理学特征具有一定差异,DCIS-MI更具浸润性癌特征。     

Expression of c-erbB-2 and p53 in breast carcinoma patients: comparison with traditional prognostic factors and survival

We aimed to determine the correlations between standard clinicopathological factors and expression of c-erbB-2 and p53 proteins, and to investigate the significance of these variables in relapse and disease-free survival (DFS) in breast carcinoma patients. Data from 200 patients who had undergone mastectomy for breast carcinoma were evaluated. Significant correlations were found between c-erbB-2 positivity and high histological grade (grade 3) tumour, p53 positivity and high grade tumour, and age < 60 years and oestrogen receptor negativity. Twenty-six patients (13%) developed a recurrence. Disease relapse was more frequent in patients who had axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis, high grade tumour, c-erbB-2 positivity and p53 positivity; these variables were also associated with a shorter DFS. The effects of ALN metastasis and p53 positivity were significant. In conclusion, ALN metastasis and p53 positivity were important factors for predicting disease relapse in mastectomy-treated breast carcinoma patients; other clinicopathological criteria and c-erbB-2 positivity were not predictive.     

The c-erbB-2 oncogene amplification by competitive PCR in aneuploid cell clones flow sorted from breast cancer samples.

The amplification of c-erbB-2 oncogene has been reported to have clinical relevance as a prognostic index in breast cancer. However, controversies still remain about its interpretation, mainly due to the inaccuracy of methods used for this purpose and to the unpredictable variability of the ratio between cancer and normal cells. Accurate quantitative assay, combined with strategies for selection or enrichment of tumor cell populations, could shed a new light on the relationships between molecular alterations and their clinical relevance. In this study, amplification of c-erbB-2 was measured by competitive PCR in 21 aneuploid breast cancers using a multiple DNA competitor both in whole homogenized cancer cells and in aneuploid enriched clones obtained after flow cytometry cell sorting. Most breast cancers (10/12) carrying c-erbB-2 oncogene amplification showed a significant increase in copy number in sorted aneuploid clones, and 2/9 apparently not amplified in basal samples were found to be amplified after being sorted for the aneuploid population. A general concordance between amplification and c-erbB-2 overexpression was found. The mean degree of amplification in sorted aneuploid clones is increased in breast cancers with the highest levels of c-erbB-2 protein overexpression. These data indicate that in breast cancers the amplification of c-erbB-2 oncogene is mainly associated with aneuploid cells.     

乳腺癌组织中c-met、p53的表达与意义

乳腺癌的发生、发展是一个多基因多阶段的演进过程,涉及多种原癌基因的激活和抑癌基因的失活.乳腺癌中最多见的基因异常是基因的扩增和过量表达.最近国外已有报道[1],确定c-met基因的扩增和过量表达与人类某些肿瘤有关.目前国内对乳腺癌c-met的研究报道较少.为探讨c-met原癌基因、p53抑癌基因与乳腺癌发生、发展的关系,我们应用免疫组织化学方法,检测了乳腺癌和乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中c-met、P53蛋白的表达,并讨论了有关临床意义.     

乳腺癌表皮生长因子受体,雌激素受体,孕激素受体的表达及其意义

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法，对１００例乳腺癌的表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ），ＥＲ及ＰｇＲ进行了检测。结果显示：ＥＧＦＲ阳性３４例，ＥＲ阳性６１例，其中３项均阳性者５例，ＥＲ与ＥＧＦＲ，ＰｇＲ与ＥＧＦＲ阳性者各８例，结果说明乳腺癌中ＥＧＦＲ阳性率高于良性乳腺肿瘤，差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

乳腺导管内癌及其微浸润癌的临床、病理及超声特征

目的 探讨乳腺导管内癌(DCIS)及其微浸润癌(DCIS-MI)的临床、病理特征及超声表现。方法 回顾性分析218例DCIS患者(252个病灶)的临床、病理及超声资料。结果 252个病灶中,有172个DCIS(DCIS组)和80个DCIS-MI(DCIS-MI组),两组患者发病年龄、月经状态差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),肿瘤大小、前哨淋巴结转移率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。病理特征:DCIS-MI组粉刺型及高级别分化比例明显高于DCIS组(P<0.05);超声征象:肿瘤形状、内部回声、边缘和边界以及Adler分级两组间差异具统计学意义(P均<0.05),肿瘤后方回声、生长方位、微钙化、乳腺结构紊乱及导管扩张两组差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 DCIS-MI较DCIS更具浸润性癌的临床特征,其部分超声征象具恶性肿瘤特征,可反映其病理特点。     

乳腺癌c-erbB-2、PCNA的表达及其与ER、PR的相关性研究

目的：研究原癌基因c-erbB-2和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在乳腺癌中的表达情况及其与ER、PR表达的相关性，探讨其与乳腺癌发生、发展的内在联系。方法：选取我院2003年手术治疗的乳腺癌患者63例，采用免疫组织化学染色法，对乳腺癌癌组织进行c-erbB-2、PCNA检测，并与传统ER、PR指标及临床病理特点作相关性分析。结果：63例乳癌中均见有PCNA表达(100％)，c-erbB-2表达者36例(57．1％)；ER阳性35例(55、6％)．PR阳性30例(47．6％)。PCNA、c-erbB-2的阳性表达与患者绝经与否及病理的组织学分级无明显相关性，而与淋巴结的转移呈显著正相关；PCNA的表达与ER、PR表达均呈显著负相关，c-erbB-2的表达与ER表达呈负相关。结论：在乳癌恶性程度的判断上，ER、PR的表达和PCNA、c-erbB-2的表达之问有明显的互补性，在使用传统指标判断乳癌预后和制订术后治疗方案的同时，进一步检测PCNA和c-erbB-2的表达，特别是PCNA的表达，具有重要的参考价值。     

Detection of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and c-erbB-2 in sera of patients with breast and ovarian carcinoma

The role of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and c-erbB-2 in breast and ovarian cancer was investigated. Eighty patients of breast and ovarian cancer and benign lesions, as well as twenty normal controls were evaluated for the expression of c-erbB-2 by Western blotting and uPAR levels by ELISA. The c-erbB-2 and uPAR showed a significant increase in both types of cancer investigated compared to normal control and benign lesions. The frequency of c-erbB-2 was significantly higher in breast cancer lesions (p < 0.01). Levels of CA15.3 in breast cancer and CA125 in ovarian cancer were significantly higher in cases expressing c-erbB-2 (p < 0.01) than in negative c-erbB-2 cases. The uPAR showed a significant positive correlation with advanced stages of breast cancer (r = 0.7971) and ovarian cancer (r = 0.83662), while significant correlations were found for CA15.3 in breast cancer (r = 0.64967) and CA125 in ovarian cancer (r = 0.83996). Taken together, our data suggest that the c-erbB-2 and uPAR in the sera of ovarian and breast cancer act as valuable markers for the evaluation of the patients preoperatively.     

Expression of hepatocyte growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor and their receptors in experimental chronic pancreatitis

BACKGROUND: Hepatocyte (HGF) and Keratinocyte growth factors (KGF) are key factors of tissue organization and regeneration. These peptide growth factors and their receptors c-met and keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR) are overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. AIM: Expression and localization of ligands and receptors were investigated during the development of experimental chronic pancreatitis. METHODS: Chronic pancreatitis was induced in rats by intravenous injection of dibutyltin dichloride. One to 60 days after treatment, the expression of growth factors and receptors was analysed by competitive polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: HGF mRNA expression increased (10-fold) until days 7-14 followed by a decrease to control level. Expression of c-met mRNA constantly increased (15-fold). KGF and KGFR mRNA expression were increased after 14-28 days (5-fold) and then returned to control levels. mRNA expression patterns correlated with changes in the protein expression, whereas protein levels of KGF remained unchanged. Ligands were localized in mesenchymal cells and their receptors on epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: The significant increase of HGF and c-met expression suggests an essential role of this growth factor in the morphological changes during the development of chronic pancreatitis. Changes in the expression of KGF and KGFR are less pronounced.     

乳腺导管内癌的X线、病理与BI-RADS分级特点

目的探讨乳腺导管内癌(DCIS)的x线特点与BI-RADS分级的应用价值。方法收集30例病理证实的DCIS病例,回顾性分析其X线与病理特点,分析BI-RADS分级的分布与阳性预测值。结果 DCISX线以钙化为主,14例(46.7%),形态为泥沙样、分枝状及多形性钙化;单纯肿块3例(10.0%);结构扭曲征象2例;无特殊改变(即阴性)11例。BI-RADS:0级8例,2级2例,3级2例,4级9例,5级9例,BI-RADS阳性预测值60.0%。结论 DCIS的X线表现为单纯钙化为主,BI-RADS分级阳性预测值较低,需其他检查方法弥补。     

Neuromodulation by polypeptide growth factors: preliminary results on the distribution of epidermal growth factor receptors in adult brain

Polypeptide growth factors and their receptors are expressed within the brain and neuromodulatory functions are described. Using autoradiography of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) and radioimmunohistochemistry with an antibody to the EGF receptor, we have determined the distribution pattern of the EGF receptor in adult rat brain. The patterns achieved by both methods were similar at every level of the neuroaxis examined. Highest densities of autoradiographic grains were present in the cingulate cortex, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and caudate putamen. This pattern of distribution suggests that EGF may have neuromodulatory functions. Common expression of polypeptide receptors by cells of different organ systems constitutes a biochemical basis for homeostatic network regulation.     

乳腺导管原位癌的X线影像特征及病理核分级与人表皮生长因子受体2、雌激素受体及孕激素受体表达的相关性

目的 探讨乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)的X线影像特征及病理核分级与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)及人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)表达的相关性。方法 回顾经手术病理证实为DCIS的患者105例,共107个病灶,术前均接受乳腺X线摄影检查,系统描述病变的X线影像学特征。分析不同病理核分级及其影像特征与不同肿瘤因子表达(HER2阳性组、ER阳性组和三阴组)的相关性。结果 钙化为DCIS的主要影像学特征(74/107,69.15%),HER2阳性组、ER阳性组、三阴组间钙化形态及分布类型的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),HER2阳性组以区段样分布(23/45,51.11%),线状分枝状钙化(18/45,40.00%)表现为主,主要为高级别DCIS(38/55,69.09%)。ER阳性组以区域性分布(23/45,51.11%)、多形性钙化(12/23,52.17%)表现为主,以非高级别为主(22/42,52.38%)。结论 DCIS患者的乳腺X线表现特征与肿瘤的一些分子生物学表达存在相关性,可以间接反映肿瘤的某些生物学行为。     

大肠癌bcl-2、nm23基因蛋白的表达与临床随访研究

目的研究检测bcl-2、nm23基因在大肠癌的诊断和判断患者顸后中的作用。方法应用免疫组化和流式细胞术的方法对60例大肠癌标本进行定性及定量的检测，并追踪回访患者的预后10年。结果bcl-2基因的定性表达阳性率及定量检测值较正常粘膜相比有显著差异，但其表达阳性率与患者的预后并没有明显的相关性；nm23基因定性表达阳性率及定量检测值与正常粘膜相比差异不显著，但其表达与患者预后有显著差异性。结论进行以上两种基因的免疫组化检测对临床诊断及判断顸后有参考价值。