小鼠FABP3基因全长cDNA的克隆、真核表达载体的构建及其在COS-7细胞中的表达

目的克隆小鼠FABP3基因的全长cDNA,构建其真核表达载体,并于COS-7细胞内表达。方法利用PCR技术扩增小鼠FABP3基因的开放阅读框序列,并在3′末端连接24bp的Flag标签,克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,构建表达质粒pcD-NA3.1-FABP3和pcDNA3.1-FABP3-Flag,并行PCR、双酶切及测序鉴定。将构建的重组质粒通过脂质体转染COS-7细胞,分别采用RT-PCR和免疫荧光法检测其FABP3mRNA及蛋白的表达情况。结果所构建的pcDNA3.1-FABP3和pcDNA3.1-FABP3-Flag重组载体可酶切出418bp的FABP3 cDNA片段和442bp的FABP3-FlagcDNA片段,经测序证实正确。转染后的COS-7细胞经RT-PCR可扩增出278bp的目的片段,且免疫荧光分析可见特异性的FABP3及Flag蛋白表达。结论构建了FABP3基因真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-FABP3和pcDNA3.1-FABP3-Flag,并于COS-7细胞中成功转录表达,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

MGr1-Ag表达上调及下调的胃癌细胞株的建立及鉴定

为研究胃癌细胞耐药相关新基因MGr1 Ag对胃癌耐药细胞多药耐药性的调节作用及其机制。克隆MGr1 Ag的全长cDNA并构建其正反义真核表达载体 ,以脂质体介导法将正、反义真核表达载体分别转染入人胃癌细胞系MGC80 3与人胃癌多药耐药细胞系SGC790 1/VCR中。结果显示 ,经RT PCR扩增出大小约为 1.0kb的基因片段 ,成功克隆入pUCm T载体 ,经DNA测序证实为MGr1 Ag基因。将其克隆入pCDNA3 .1/V5 His后 ,经限制性核酸内切酶酶切鉴定 ,获得携有MGr1 Ag基因真核表达载体pCD NA3 1/V5 His MGr1 Ag及其反义表达载体pCDNA3 .1/V5 His anMGr1 Ag。以脂质体介导法将MGr1 Ag的正、反义真核表达载体分别转染入MGC80 3与SGC790 1/VCR中 ,经Westernblot证实 ,成功建立了MGr1 Ag表达上调及下调的胃癌细胞株 ,为研究MGr1 Ag参与耐药的分子机制奠定了基础     

HSA—sTRAIL融合蛋白的表达质粒pPICZαA—HSA—sTRAIL的构建

目的:构建pPICZαA-HSA-sTRAIL真核表达质粒。方法:用PCR方法扩增sTRAIL基因,然后克隆入pPICZαA载体,构建pPICZαA-sTRAIL质粒,然后将HSA基因克隆入pPICZαA-sTRAIL质粒,构建pPICZαA-HSA-sTRAIL真核表达质粒。重组子均进行酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定,最后进行DNA测序验证。结果:PCR方法克隆出目的基因,并成功构建了pPICZαA-HSA-sTRAIL质粒。酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和DNA测序均证明构建的表达质粒完全与预期一致。结论:成功构建了pPICZαA-HSA-sTRAIL真核表达质粒。     

锌带蛋白基因ZNRD1高表达胃癌细胞模型的建立

为建立高表达ZNRD1胃癌细胞模型，通过分子克隆技术将ZNRD1基因全长cDNA片段克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1^ 的多克隆位点之间，对重组质粒进行酶切鉴定，经显微注射将重组质粒导入人胃癌细胞SGC7901，G418筛选后应用Nothern blot检测ZNRD1基因的表达。结果经酶切鉴定证实正确地构建了真核表达质粒，转染SGC7901细胞后获得有效表达。表明已成功地构建ZNRD1基因真核表达载体，并经显微注射法建立了高表达锌带蛋白基因ZNRD1的胃癌细胞模型，为深入研究ZNRD1的作用和机制奠定了基础。     

慢性髓系白血病bcr—abl融合基因在真核细胞中的表达

克隆慢性髓系白血病（CML）融合基因bcr-abl融合位点周围的cDNA序列,构建重组真核表达载体并表达于p815细胞,探索bcr-abl基因免疫治疗CML的可行性,设计两条引物扩增bcr-abl融合位点周围468bp的cDNA,测序正确后,将其克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1通过电穿法转染至p815细胞中,应用G418筛选阳性细胞克隆,在含10％FCS的RPMI1640中常规培养,收集细胞进行RT－PCR鉴定。结果PCR扩增出了可用于基因免疫的位于bcr-abl融合基因位点周围的468bp的cDNA,序列测定除第448位碱基C突变为T外其余序列均正确,构建了重组真核表达载体,并用电穿孔法将其转染p815细胞,RT－PCR法检测到该细胞系有bcr-ablmRNA水平的表达。     

ZNRD1基因的克隆及其反义核酸对胃癌耐药细胞阿霉素蓄积的影响

为获得ZNRD1基因的编友区序列，构建反义真核表达载体，通过检测ZNRD1基因反义核酸转染对胃癌长春新碱耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR阿霉素（ADM）积蓄能力的影响，评价ZNRD1在抗胃癌细胞多药耐药性方面的应用前景。用PCR方法扩增目的基因序列，PCR产物经DNA序列测定证实后，采用分子克隆技术，将所获目的基因全长cDNA片段按反方向克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1^ 的多克隆位点之间，对重组质粒进行酶切鉴定。用脂质体介导法将ZNRD1反义核酸转染SGC7901／VCR，流式细胞仪（FACS）检测SGC7901／VCR细胞内阿霉素的蓄积量。结果应用PCR反应扩增出特异性片段，经DNA序列,下实与文献报道的ZNRD1基因编码区序列一致；构建了反义真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-ZNRD1；转染SGC7901／VCR细胞后，可提高细胞内ADM蓄积量。ZNRD1反义核酸转染后，胃癌多药耐药细胞株SGC7901／VCR对抗肿瘤药物ADM的积蓄作用提高，提示ZNRD1反义核酸具有提高耐药细胞株细胞内药物浓度、恢复其药物敏感性、逆转多药耐药性的作用。     

MARCH1真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的 构建MARCH1真核表达载体并进行鉴定和纯化,为研究MARCH1在小鼠树突细胞(DCs)中的生物学作用奠定基础.方法 从小鼠尾部提取cDNA作为模板,采用特异的引物,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增MARCH1cDNA片段,经EcoR Ⅰ和BamH Ⅰ双酶切,连接于载体pMB-HA质粒上,构建重组载体,经双酶切和DNA测序分析检测重组载体构建结果,转化大肠埃希菌DH5α感受态菌、筛选阳性克隆、抽提质粒并进行纯化.结果 PCR获得与预期大小一致(约3900bp)的cDNA片段,成功构建重组载体pMB-HA-MARCH1,双酶切及测序鉴定证实MARCH1 cDNA片段正确插入该真核表达载体中.结论 成功构建含有MARCH1的真核表达载体,为进一步研究提供了实验基础.     

鼠NF～IL～6反义真核表达载体的构建和鉴定

目的构建包含鼠细胞转录因子白介素6(NF～IL6)反义基因的部分功能区的重组反义真核表达载体pcDNA3.0/NF～IL6,为进一步研究鼠巨噬细胞中NF～IL6的功能奠定基础。方法 Trizol试剂法提取体外分离培养的鼠巨噬细胞总RNA,经逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT～PCR)扩增NF～IL6基因目的片段,PCR产物及真核表达载体pcD-NA3.0分别双酶切并进行连接,转化入大肠杆菌Ecoli Dh5α扩增后获得重组载体。结果 RT～PCR获得预期大小的特异性NF～IL6 DNA片段,经PCR、双酶切及测序分析证实已将鼠NF～IL6 cDNA片段正确的反向插入真核表达载体中。结论成功获得反义pcDNA3.0/NF～IL6重组质粒。     

C反应蛋白真核表达载体的构建与表达

目的构建人C反应蛋白(CRP)真核表达载体,并观察其在NIH3T3细胞中的表达定位情况。方法利用带HA反向互补序列碱基的特异性引物,从p91023/CRP载体上将编码人CRP的基因序列亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3上;对阳性克隆进行PCR、酶切和测序鉴定,利用脂质体转染方法转染NIH3T3细胞;并使用Westernblot和细胞免疫化学技术对重组质粒pcDNA3/HA-CRP在NIH3T3细胞中的表达及其蛋白定位进行分析。结果PCR、双酶切和测序鉴定表明,pcDNA3/HA-CRP真核表达质粒构建正确;转染实验发现,该质粒能够在NIH3T3细胞中表达,表达产物主要定位在细胞膜和核周边内质网的区域。结论成功构建了带HA标签的人CRP真核表达载体,该载体能够在哺乳动物细胞NIH3T3中表达,为进一步研究CRP的细胞内生物学功能提供了一个重要的工具。     

补体受体1型的结构功能及sCR1基因克隆表达的策略

补体受体1型（Complement receptor type 1,CR1）具有外源性及内源性活性,既可灭活组装于非自身细胞膜上的C3/C5转化酶,也可灭活自身细胞膜上形成的C3/C5转化酶。CR1是唯一既对经典,替代及植物凝集素（MBL）3个补体激活途径的,对C3/C5转化酶拥有衰变加速活性,又有辅助1因子裂解C3b和C4b作用的补体调节蛋白。对补体分子的过度活化具有抑制和调节作用,在防治补体介导的缺血再灌注损伤以及异种器官移植超急性排斥反应等疾病具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要综述CR1的结构功能及生物学活性,sCR1基因的克隆与表达及在创伤、缺血再灌注损伤中的应用研究现状。     

Possibilities and limitations of radiology--CT and MRT in cases of tumors of the uterus and ovary

The author describes the present possibilities of computed tomography (CT) and of magnetic resonance (MR) tomography. MR is superior to CT in the visualisation of carcinomas of the cervix and endometrium, especially in the initial stages, whereas in the diagnosis of the spread of tumours (especially the advanced ones) CT yields results similar to those of MR. In carcinoma of the ovary, however, MR has so far not proved to be definitely superior to CT despite the multiplanar visualisation possibilities it offers. It is in fact inferior to CT especially in clarifying the extent of extrapelvic spread. In posttherapeutic diagnostics MR explores new avenues in respect of delineation between scar and recurrence, as initial investigations have shown.     

闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊断与治疗

目的 提高对闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊治水平.方法 报告38例闭合性喉气管断裂伤病例的临床资料,其中急性外伤16例,陈旧性外伤22例.对临床易发生的问题进行分析.结果 38例中16例急性喉外伤在24～48小时之间行手术治疗,22例陈旧性喉外伤因其它原因在32～129天后行手术治疗.35例手术成功拔管,3例因喉气管狭窄手术失败不能拔管,均为陈旧期手术患者.结论 对于急性闭合性喉气管断裂伤应根据其病情轻重程度进行早期处理,尽快恢复喉和气管通气功能,预防后遗症及并发症的发生,提高治愈率.     

Science and medicine of canoeing and kayaking

Canoeing and kayaking are upper-body sports that make varying demands on the body, depending on the type of contest and the distance covered. The shorter events (500 m) are primarily anaerobic (2 minutes of exercise), calling for powerful shoulder muscles with a high proportion of fast-twitch fibres. In contrast, 10,000 m events call for aerobic work to be performed by the arms. Such contestants need a high proportion of slow-twitch fibres, and an ability to develop close to 100% of their leg maximum oxygen intake when paddling. In slalom and whitewater contests, the value of physiological testing is somewhat limited, since performance is strongly influenced by experience and the ability to make precisely judged rapid paddling efforts under considerable emotional stress. Paddlers face dangers from their hostile cold water environment; causes of fatalities (drowning, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation and hypothermia) are briefly reviewed. Medical problems include provision of adequate nutrition and a clean water supply, effects of repeated immersion (softening of the skin, blistering, paronychial infections, sinusitis, otitis), varicose veins (secondary to thoracic fixation) and hazards of exposure to fibreglass and polystyrene in the home workshop. Surgical problems include muscle sprains and mechanical injuries (haemotomas, lacerations, contusions, concussion, and fractures).     

Accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for assessment of position and morphology of mandibular third molars and prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies

OBJECTIVES: To compare the accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for determining (1) the position and morphology of mandibular third molars before surgical removal and (2) the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies. METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-eight third mandibular molars were available for examination. Position and morphology of third molars observed on film radiographs and on digital panoramic images from five systems (DenOptix, DigiDent, Digora, Dimax2 and Orthophos Plus) were recorded by two observers and were compared with surgeons' findings at the time of the operation (gold standard). One observer further recorded the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies on both imaging modalities. RESULTS: Few differences were found between the digital and film-based panoramic systems in the assessment of accuracy of position and morphology of mandibular third molars. The prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies determined with the two modalities was roughly similar. CONCLUSION: The five digital panoramic systems evaluated in this study were equally as useful for third molar treatment planning and diagnosis of dental anomalies and pathologies as conventional film-based panoramic radiographs.     

快餐消费者的消费行为心理及对营养的认知调查

 目的 调查分析快餐消费者对快餐的营养认知、消费行为和消费心理情况,引导消费者正确处理快餐与日常正餐的关系。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,选择北京地区中、西式快餐各3个品牌,每个品牌选择4家分店,采用入店访问式现场调查方法,数据处理采用频数分析法。结果 共调查1722名,问卷合格率98.6%,选择中西式快餐的人群多为20～39岁者(68%),大多数消费者因为“口味喜欢”(66.4%)而选择快餐,且优选“优惠套餐”(48.2%),为了“省事方便”(64.3%)。消费快餐的频率多数是每月就餐1～2次(35.1%),多数优选“西式快餐店的中式食品”(60.3%),对中西式快餐店中的健康宣传语 “偶尔看看”(55.9%),但多数认为起到了“警示和营养宣教的作用”(64.1%)。大多数消费者认为,媒体对西式快餐的报道未影响他们对西式快餐的正常消费(44.9%);但中式快餐的负面报道却影响了消费者的正常消费(43.9%),理由多数是“影响健康”(37.9%)。快餐消费人群中体型正常者居多,但40岁以上者超重百分比大于20～39岁者。结论 中西式快餐消费人群为20～39岁者,消费频率不高,多数因为“口味喜欢”而选择中式或西式快餐,基本不存在对中式或西式快餐食品安全误解的问题,对快餐店的营养健康宣传语持赞同态度,但如何处理快餐与正常餐的搭配问题,存在误区。