激光多普勒血流成像方法对电热针和激光穴位照射效果的比较

目的:比较电热针和激光穴位照射两种方法改善人体体表血流灌注作用的强弱,了解激光多普勒血流成像技术显示针灸效应的效果。方法:对20例健康人外关穴分别施以电热针和激光照射前后,用激光多普勒血流成像仪对其前臂和手部体表血流变化予以显像,分析体表血流分布与电热针和激光穴位照射治疗效果的关系。结果:(1)在外关穴分别予以电热针和激光穴位照射治疗后,两组前臂、手背和手指都有血流灌注增加的效果,激光多普勒血流成像仪大范围地显示出治疗的效果;(2)电热针治疗后血流增加以指尖和局部针刺点部位为主;激光穴位照射后,则以手背部整体血流增加显著。结论:电热针和激光穴位照射都可以引起体表微循环的增加,但刺激方法不同,针刺的效果和产生效应的部位也有所不同。     

激光多普勒血流成像技术对针灸效果的观察

目的　应用激光多普勒血流成像系统显示艾灸的治疗效果 ,了解这一新的医学影象技术在针灸经络研究中的应用价值。方法　使用激光多普勒血流成像仪 ,对 12例健康人体艾灸前后体表出现的血流变化予以大范围地显像 ,分析体表血流分布与艾灸作用的关系。结果　 (1)艾灸内关穴后 ,手掌部血流的增加以大小鱼际和内关穴区为主。(2 )艾灸外关穴后 ,指根部的血流增加显著。 (3)不艾灸对照组在 30 min内前臂、手掌和手背血流的自然波动较小。结论　艾灸可以引起手部微循环血流量的增加 ,激光多普勒血流成像仪能够以大范围成像方式显示该过程 ;新的血流成像技术将在针灸经络的研究中具有实用价值     

电针对胃缺血再灌注影响的激光血流成像方法研究

目的:观察电针对胃血流灌注的影响,寻找反映胃血流变化的研究方法。方法:在建立一种新的结扎大鼠胃右动脉而形成胃缺血再灌注模型的基础上,电针"足三里"穴,采用激光多普勒血流灌注成像仪(LDPI)对胃血流灌注图像予以显示,分析电针对胃血流灌注的作用。结果:①新的胃缺血再灌注模型显像清晰。电针组在缺血30 min内,缺血程度较对照组为轻;再灌注后血流的恢复效果也优于对照组。②在结扎25 min时,电针组血流量的变化均值为(-0.50±0.18)PU,与对照组(-0.90±0.16)PU比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:电针可改善并促进缺血再灌注胃的血流供应;结扎和松解胃右动脉而形成的胃缺血和再灌注模型可以用于针灸研究中。     

针刺“足三里”对大鼠胃血流影响的激光多谱勒血流成像的初步观察

目的:观察针刺对胃脏血流灌注的影响,探讨激光多谱勒血流成像技术在针灸内脏效应研究中的应用价值。方法:应用激光多谱勒血流灌注成像仪(LDPI)观察针刺大鼠“后三里”穴后胃脏血流灌注和微循环分布的改变。结果:激光多谱勒血流图对针刺前后的胃脏血流分布的改变显示清晰。自然状态下,胃脏激光多谱勒血流图呈现出从胃小弯向胃大弯放射状血流分布的扇形特征。不针刺对照组在观察的时间内胃部血流量有逐渐减少的趋势。针刺“后三里”穴后,胃脏血流灌注明显增加,除扇形分布的血管血流量较高外,其它部位的微循环血流量也明显增多,停针10 min时血流增加最多。结论:LDPI能以图像的形式显示针灸对胃脏的血管反应,该新技术方法在针灸内脏效应的研究方面将有一定的应用价值。     

面部穴位血流量及针刺对其影响的激光血流成像显示

目的:观察正常人面部穴区血流灌注量,并分析针刺对该血流灌注量的调整作用。方法:使用激光多普勒血流成像仪采集30例健康人自然状态和针刺合谷穴30min前后面部血流图像,统计穴区血流灌注量,分析对称性以及针刺对面部左右侧穴区血流灌注量的影响。结果:正常人面部穴位血流灌注量大多都在0.73～1.17PU范围之间,以巨髎、口禾髎、四白、承泣等血流量较大,下关、牵正、丝竹空等穴血流量较小。自然状态30min前后,正常人面部血流灌注量无明显的升降变化,左右侧同名穴血流灌注量存在小幅差异。针刺30min后正常人面部穴区血流灌注量显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),其中左侧巨髎、左侧承泣、左侧丝竹空、左右侧夹承浆和右侧大迎血流灌注量的增加值与自然状态下的变化值相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:面部左右侧穴位血流灌注量存在较小差异,针刺可以增加面部双侧穴位血流灌注量。     

头体针对脑缺血大鼠脑循环时效关系的实验研究

目的:观察头体针对脑缺血大鼠脑微循环影响的时效关系.方法:应用激光多普勒微循环血流计观察头电针、体电针以及头体结合电针在不同时间内对脑缺血大鼠脑软膜微循环血流量的影响.结果:头电针从针刺1min至起针后20min均有显著性增加(P＜0.05～0.01);体电针从针刺中15min至起针后70min,除10分min,均有显著性增加(P＜0.05～0.01);头体结合电针则从针刺1min至起针后100min均有显著性增加(P＜0.05～0.001).结论:头电针、体电针、头体结合电针均能显著改善大鼠脑软膜微循环,但以头体结合电针作用时间最长.     

使用血流成像技术对“腰背委中求”经典理论的验证

目的:观察针刺委中等穴对腰部皮肤血流的影响,以验证"腰背委中求"的经典针灸理论。方法:应用激光多谱勒血流成像仪对比观察40名受试者针刺委中和阳陵泉前后腰部皮肤微循环血流量变化及血流分布情况。将受试者腰部划分成整体区域和左右膀胱经第一、二侧线五个区域,以血流变化率为指标比较分析针刺委中和阳陵泉对腰部体表血流改变的效应差异。结果:针刺委中和阳陵泉后腰部整个区域的皮肤血流量与针前比较均显著升高,并持续至起针后12 min(P<0.05),针刺两穴的血流变化率比较无显著性差异。针刺委中穴后,同侧腰部膀胱经第一、二侧线上的皮肤血流变化率显著高于针刺阳陵泉(P<0.05),其它区域无显著性差异。结论:针刺委中穴对腰的特异性作用可体现在使针刺侧腰部膀胱经皮肤血流的升高上,这种效应有可能导致膀胱经循经低流阻通道阻力下降,疏通经络,产生"通则不痛"的治疗效果。     

电针及针刺捻转补泻手法对软脑膜微循环血流量的影响

采用颅骨开窗法,应用激光多普勒微循环血流分析仪,选用足三里穴观察了针刺捻转补泻、电针对家兔软脑膜微循环血流量的影响。结果显示,针刺捻转补泻、电针均可增加软脑膜微循环血流量,但电针组优于捻转补泻组,提出了针刺补泻手法的关键在于运用适度而有效的刺激量,从而对机体产生调整作用。     

电针对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑葡萄糖代谢的影响

目的:探讨电针对局灶性脑缺血大鼠海马微循环和葡萄糖代谢的改善作用。方法:采用线栓法制备局灶性脑缺血模型大鼠,随机分为假手术对照组、模型组、内关组和地机组,电针治疗15天和30天,应用激光多普勒微循环血流仪检测电针对局灶性脑缺血大鼠海马微循环血流量的影响,采用酶化学法测定脑组织葡萄糖、乳酸及丙酮酸的含量研究电针对脑组织葡萄糖代谢的改善作用。结果:针刺治疗后,针刺内关组大鼠海马CA1区微循环血流量显著高于模型组和针刺地机组大鼠(P<0.05),针刺内关组大鼠脑组织内葡萄糖和丙酮酸的含量明显升高,乳酸含量降低,与模型组、针刺地机组有显著性差异(P<0.05),且30天组疗效好于15天组。结论:电针可明显提高MCAO大鼠海马CA1区的微循环血流量,通过微循环的改善进而增加缺血脑组织能量供应,改善缺血后组织细胞的葡萄糖代谢,减轻组织细胞的损伤,促进神经功能的恢复。     

电针对狗脑血流量及脑软膜微循环血流量的影响

本文应用电磁流量计和激光多普勒微循环血流计，观察了电针足三里和曲池穴对正常狗脑血流量和脑软膜微循环的影响。结果表明：电针1分钟及停针后20、30、60和90分时脑血流量均显著增加，脑血管阻力下降，表现为即时效应和后继效应。同时脑软膜微循环血流量在电针1、5和10分及停针后30分时均显著增加。结果提示，针刺治疗缺血性脑血管疾病机理之一可通过增加脑血流量、改善脑微循环，从而加快缺血脑组织的恢复。     

The influence of different methods of acupuncture on skin surface perfusion

Objective

To compare the effects on the body surface of different kinds of placebo/sham acupuncture with that of traditional needling sensation acupuncture.

Methods

Point Neiguan (PC 6) of 29 healthy subjects, 19 males and 10 females, was stimulated with needling sensation, shallow, placebo and deep acupuncture at the non-acupoint. After stimulation with different methods of acupuncture, the change in perfusion of the micrangium in the skin surface around the elbow joint, with Point Quze (PC 3) as its center, was observed with laser Doppler blood-flow imaging.

Results

Judging from the absolute value of perfusion of the skin surface micrangium, several methods of acupuncture can cause change in blood flow. The ratio of blood-flow perfusion in the meridian area in and around Quze declined before and after needling insertion in needling sensation acupuncture and shallow acupuncture. This observation did not occur in placebo and non-acupoint acupuncture. Needling sensation acupuncture at an acupoint can relatively reduce the perfusion of the micrangium in the projective area of the meridian where the acupoint is located on the body surface (P<0.05), indicating the specificity of meridians.

Conclusions

Stimulation of an acupoint or a point on the body surface with any type of acupuncture can cause change in blood flow in the skin near the needling point. However, the biological mechanism underlying this phenomenon needs to be further explored.     

Effects of different scraping techniques on body surface blood perfusion volume and local skin temperature of healthy subjects

Objective: To study the mechanism and effects of different scraping techniques on body surface blood perfusion volume and local skin temperature of healthy subjects and to provide a baseline for microcirculation and energy metabolism for the evaluation of the therapeutic effects of scraping.Methods: Changes of the local blood perfusion volume and skin temperature of healthy subjects before and after applying different scraping techniques were observed with a laser Doppler imager combined with an infrared thermographic device and the resulting data was analyzed with imaging and processing software for statistical analysis.Results: Local blood perfusion volume and skin temperature all increased after both reinforcing and reducing scraping techniques.The value of blood flow 60 and 90 min after the reducing technique was significantly higher than that after the reinforcing technique (P＜0.01),while the skin temperature increased after both techniques but was not significantly different between the two (P＞0.05).Conclusion: Scraping can significantly improve the local blood perfusion volume,increase skin temperature and promote local blood circulation and metabolism of tissues.     

Violet laser acupuncture--part 1: Effects on brain circulation

Violet laser acupuncture using a wavelength of 405 nm has been investigated in only a few scientific studies. The aim of this study was to provide selective evidence of a specific effect of violet laser acupuncture on mean cerebral blood flow velocity using a Doppler ultrasound technique. A transcranial Doppler sonography construction was developed especially for this study to monitor blood flow profiles in the basilar and middle cerebral arteries simultaneously and continuously. The acupuncture point Dazhui on the upper back was tested in a controlled study with 10 healthy volunteers (24.9 ± 3.3 years, mean age ± SD; 5 females, 5 males). In addition to an on/off-effect, violet laser stimulation increased the blood flow velocity in the basilar artery significantly (p < 0.001) compared with the reference interval before laser acupuncture. In the middle cerebral artery, only minimal, nonsignificant changes in blood flow velocity were seen. Metal needle acupuncture at the same point intensified the effects; however, blood flow profiles did not change significantly during and after stimulation with a deactivated violet laser.     

采用红外热像和激光散斑血流成像技术对背俞穴位置古今差异的研究

目的:通过检测被测点的温度和血流灌注量,从穴位特性的角度来探究背俞穴3种不同定位方式的有效性.对毫针刺激与不刺激穴位的差异进行分析,探讨针刺对穴位特性的影响.3种定位方式为:①标准化定位:棘突下,后正中线旁开1.5寸;②棘突旁,后正中线旁开1.5寸(即后正中线旁开2寸);③棘突下,棘突外侧缘旁开1.5寸.方法:健康成年...     

电针对督脉循行线下深部组织中微循环血流灌注量影响的初步观察

目的观察常态下督脉循行线下深部组织微循环血流灌注量及其在针刺过程中的变化。方法应用三通道激光多谱勒血流仪（Perimed 5000）对25名健康成年志愿者同步测试督脉循行线下及其左右两侧旁开1cm对照部位的微循环血流灌注量,并观察针刺（电针）对其影响。结果（1）健康人安静状态下沿督脉线下深部组织微循环血流灌注量均较其两侧旁开非经对照点高,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;（2）电针后督脉线下深部组织微循环血流灌注量较针前有增高,但经统计学分析,差异没有显著性（P〉0．05）。结论督脉循行线下深部组织中的微循环血流灌注量较其两侧非经对照部位高,电针刺激是否使沿经组织的微循环血流灌注量增高尚待进一步研究。     

项丛刺针法对缺血性脑卒中大鼠脑微循环障碍的影响

目的:观察项丛刺针法对缺血性脑卒中后遗症期大鼠脑软膜微循环血流量和全血黏度流变学的影响,探讨针刺作用的可能机制。方法:Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、西药组、针刺组,每组20只。采用线栓法阻断大脑中动脉制备大鼠脑缺血模型。针刺组大鼠在成功造模5周后采用项丛刺针法进行治疗,每日1次,共治疗2周;西药组大鼠用尼莫地平灌胃,每日1次,疗程同针刺组。应用激光多普勒血流仪测定大鼠脑微循环血流量,自动血流变测试仪测定大鼠全血黏度。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠脑软膜微循环血流量显著降低(P<0.01),全血黏度显著增高(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,针刺组与西药组均可显著增加大鼠脑软膜微循环血流量和降低血液黏度(P<0.01)。与西药组相比,针刺组效果更显著(P<0.01)。结论:项丛刺针法能显著改善缺血性脑卒中后遗症大鼠脑微循环障碍。     

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON SCALP ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF WINDSTROKE-CAUSED DYSPHAGIA-DYSPHONIA SYNDRONE

Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｂｕｌｂａｒｐａｒａｌｙｓｉｓｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｃｅｒｅｂｒｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｄｉｓｅａｓｅ ,ｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔｅｄｍａｉｎｌｙａｓｄｙｓｐｈａｇｉａａｎｄｄｙｓｐｈｏｎｉａｉｎｃｌｉｎｉｃ [ｄｙｓｐｈａｇｉａ ｄｙｓｐｈｏｎｉａｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ (ＷＤＳ) ] .Ｃｅｒｅｂｒａｌｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｅｏｒｉｎｆａｒｃｔｉｏｎｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｉｎｔｈｅｃｅｒｔｉｃｏｎｕｃｌｅａｒｔｒａｃｔａｔａｎｙｓｉｔｅｓｍａｙａｆｆｅｃｔｆｕｎｃｔｉｏ…     

The soreness and numbness effect of acupuncture on skin blood flow

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the De-Qi sensations of acupuncture (sourness-distension and distension-numbness) stimulation. Fifty-two healthy medical student volunteers were given acupuncture at the Hoku (LI-4) acupoint as they were resting. During a test that lasted 30 minutes, their skin blood flow was measured at the Quchi (LI-11) acupoint and their palm temperature was measured. Our results indicated that acupuncture increased blood flow when the De-Qi sensation occurred. If the needle was twirled a few minutes thereafter and the De-Qi feeling again occurred, the same blood flow increase was seen again. If the needle was not twirled, but the test person felt soreness, numbness and heat sensation within a few minutes after needle insertion, the same blood flow increase was also seen. After acupuncture, Quchi did not show continuous increase of blood flow as did Hoku. Hoku acupuncture also increased palm temperature suggesting that the blood flow increased from cutaneous vessel vasodilation. In conclusion, when the test person felt the sore and numb De-Qi sensation, there was an increase of blood flow at the acupuncture points. Thus, our results suggest that increased flow may be one of the mechanisms accounting for meridian system responses during acupuncture.