手术治疗缩窄性心包炎68例的体会

目的总结手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的经验。方法缩窄性心包炎患者68例,均行胸前正中切口劈骨入路心包剥离术,观察术后临床疗效及并发症。结果手术治疗缩窄性心包炎68例,存活67例,术后死亡1例,病死率为1.5%,死于严重低心排综合征。术后并发低心排综合征11例和心力衰竭9例;术后中心静脉压下降（10.7±2.8）cmH2O。心功能恢复至Ⅰ级52例,Ⅱ级15例。随访期间无缩窄复发及死亡病例。结论胸前正中切口劈骨入路心包剥离术治疗缩窄性心包炎临床效果好,可作为首选治疗手段。     

26例慢性缩窄性心包炎的外科治疗

目的：探讨慢性缩窄性心包炎的手术治疗效果.方法：26例慢性缩窄性心包炎患者,术前心功能Ⅱ级5例、Ⅲ级17例、Ⅳ级4例,采用全麻下心包剥脱术,观察治疗效果.结果：术前死亡1例,25例在全麻下行心包剥脱术均治愈出院;随访19例,失访6例,术后心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级15例,Ⅲ级4例.结论：外科手术是治疗慢性缩窄性心包炎的有效方法,准确把握手术时机及手术方法是提高治愈率的关键.     

手术治疗缩窄性心包炎16例临床分析

目的探讨提高手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的经验。方法对16例缩窄性心包炎患者的手术治疗情况进行总结分析。结果16例术后1个月心功能I级(12例),心功能Ⅱ(4例),术后症状改善明显。结论手术治疗缩窄性心包炎是最有效的方法,一旦确诊应尽早手术治疗。     

缩窄性心包炎外科治疗72例临床分析

目的探讨外科手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的经验。方法对72例缩窄性心包炎病人的外科治疗情况进行总结分析。结果72例术后1个月心功能Ⅰ级(59例)、Ⅱ级(11例)。1例术中死于急性心肌膨胀,1例术后死于低心排综合征。结论心包切除程度、手术时机、手术方法是此类手术成功的关键。     

110例缩窄性心包炎的外科治疗

目的总结缩窄性心包炎外科手术治疗经验及手术效果。方法回顾性分析1985年2月-2010年12月,新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏外科收住的外科治疗缩窄性心包炎110例的临床资料,男性75例,女性35例。术前心功能Ⅰ级3例,Ⅱ级15例,Ⅲ级54例,Ⅳ级38例。手术采用左前外侧切口60例,胸骨正中切口50例。其中35例行心包切除,75例行心包部分切除。结果术后中心静脉压平均降至(12.2±4.4)cmH2O;12例出现低心排综合征,2例死亡,死亡率1.8%;术后复查心功能Ⅰ级42例,Ⅱ级63例,Ⅲ级5例;术后病理诊断示结核42例,非特异性病变68例。结论恰当的手术时机、手术径路的选择、合理的心包切除范围及围术期处理是缩窄性心包炎外科手术治疗获得满意疗效的关键。     

缩窄性心包炎外科治疗72例临床分析

目的 探讨外科手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的经验。方法 对72例缩窄性心包炎病人的外科治疗情况进行总结分析。结果 72例术后1个月心功能I级（59例）、Ⅱ级（11例）。1例术中死于急性心肌膨胀，1例术后死于低心排综合征。结果 心包切除程度、手术时机、手术方法是此类手术成功的关键。     

手术治疗慢性缩窄性心包炎51例

目的探讨提高手术治疗慢性缩窄性心包炎疗效的经验。方法回顾分析手术治疗的慢性缩窄性心包炎51例的临床表现、辅助检查及手术资料。结果全组51例均全麻下行心包切除术,治愈46例,好转3例,死亡1例。病理报告：结核性心包炎32例（62．75％）,慢性炎症10例（19．6％）,非特异性炎症2例（3．9％）,化脓性心包炎7例（13．73％）。结论手术治疗慢性缩窄性心包炎是最有效的方法,一旦确诊应尽早手术治疗;掌握心包切除范围,重视围术期处理是取得良好疗效的关键。     

缩窄性心包炎29例外科治疗

目的 总结外科手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的经验及疗效.方法 回顾性分析29例经治疗手术的缩窄性心包炎患者的临床资料.结果 本组均在全麻下行心包剥脱术,治愈28例,死亡1例.对21例患者随访3个月～3.5年,均无复发.结论 心包剥脱术是治疗缩窄性心包炎的有效方法,正确掌握手术适应证、合理的心包剥脱范围及正确的围术期处理是手术成功和提高远期疗效的关键.     

缩窄性心包炎手术治疗80例分析

目的：回顾性分析外科手术治疗缩窄性心包炎的效果。方法：80例病程1个月—20年缩窄性心包炎患者均行心包切除。采用左前外侧切口62例，正中切口18例3其中体外循环下心包切除8例。结果：本组病死4例(5．00％)。随访61例，其中治愈49例(88．33％)，好转8例(13．11％)，无效4例(6．56％)。结论：缩窄性心包炎一经确诊，应尽早手术；手术径路应根据患者槽况选择；切除范围可根据病例情况确定。对于重症缩窄性心包炎或合并心内病变房外科手术治疗者，可在体外循环下手术，以提高手术成功率，降低术中及术后并发症的发生率。     

79例缩窄性心包炎的外科治疗

目的：总结79例缩窄性心包炎的外科治疗体会，结合文献对病因、术前准备、手术操作、术后管理等方面进行讨论。方法：1990年1月～2000年3月为79例缩窄性心包炎病人实行了心包部分切除术，其中70例采用胸骨正中切口，9例采用左前外侧切口。结果：病检结果48例为结核性，占60．7％，说明结核为最常见的病因，术后早期死亡3例，死亡率为3．78％。结论：缩窄性心包炎一经确诊，应尽早手术，术后绝大多数病人心功能均有明显的进步。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.