肺、肝和肾的血管单色注射方法

肺、肝和肾的血管单色注射方法组织学与胚胎学教研室陈庆林，周军，章小平关键词单色，中国墨汁；注射液；血管注射；肺；肝；肾；兔在组织学与胚胎学的教学及科研工作中，为了观察器官内的血管分布，制作这类切片须先进行整个器官的血管注射。注入血管内的溶液有色素色胶...     

胸部结节病12例CT征象分析

结节病是一种原因不明的多系统器官受累的非干酪性肉芽肿性疾病,常侵犯肺、双侧肺门和淋巴结.临床上90%以上有肺的改变,其次是皮肤和眼的病变及浅表淋巴结、肝、脾、肾、骨髓、神经系统、心脏等,几乎全身每个器官均可受累.本文报道以侵犯胸部为主伴有其他器官的结节病12例,进行胸部CT表现分析.     

人重组生长激素对大鼠肠道缺血/再灌注损伤后肠源性细菌/内毒素移位的影响

观察人重组生长激素对肠道缺血再灌注损伤后肠源性细菌／内毒素移位的影响。方法检测门、腔静脉血浆内毒素水平;血浆ＴＮＦα水平和肠系膜淋巴结、肝、肺、肾等肠道外器官组织细菌培养,动态观察ｒｈＧＨ对ⅡＲ后肠道细菌／内毒素移位情况。结果早期应用ｒｈＧＨ,无论是ⅡＲ后３ｈ用药组还是１２ｈ用药组,均可明显降低ⅡＲ后血浆内毒和ＴＮＦα水平;显著减少ⅡＲ后肠系膜淋巴结、肺、肝、肾等肠道外组织器官中的移位细菌量。结论     

成人朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症累及肺、垂体、甲状腺、肝、淋巴结、皮肤1例

朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症是一种少见且病因未明的疾病,可以累及全身任何器官或系统,临床表现 多样。1 例31 岁男性患者,有吸烟史,以干咳、多饮、多尿起病,期间多次出现自发性气胸,肺高分辨CT表现为弥 漫性囊性及小结节病变,经冷冻肺活检诊断为朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症。查找其他系统受累情况,发现肺、垂 体、甲状腺、肝、淋巴结、皮肤受累。治疗多采用糖皮质激素或全身化学药物治疗,BRAF基因突变抑制剂是新的 治疗方向。     

急性镉中毒重要器官功能与镉含量测定

探讨急性镉中毒时,心,肝,肺,肾等重要器的功能改变。方法同步测定急性镉染毒大鼠心,肝,肺,肾等重要器官的功能及血液,脑和上述器官中的镉含量。结果通过呼吸道和静脉染毒,所引起的肝,肾功能的损害均低于心功能的损害,静脉急性镉染毒死时,心、肝、肾、脑血的镉含量与呼吸道染道染毒致死时基本一致。     

结核性肠梗阻37例诊治分析

腹腔结核包括胃、肝、脾、肠、腹膜及肠系膜淋巴结结核。其中以肠、腹膜及肠系膜淋巴结结核为多见,常继发于肺结核,早期症状不明显,易被误诊或漏诊。缓慢发展后容易形成腹腔内器官广泛粘连,并出现不同程度的肠梗阻。     

支气管内超声引导下经支气管穿刺针吸活检术在结节病诊断中的价值

结节病是一种病因不明的多系统疾病,常侵犯肺、双侧肺门淋巴结,另外也可累及皮肤、眼、肌肉、心脏及浅表淋巴结等器官,由Hutchinson于1869年首先描述.其典型的影像学表现为双侧肺门淋巴结对称性增大伴有或不伴纵隔淋巴结增大.典型的病理表现以非坏死性上皮样肉芽肿为特征：肉芽肿中心区可见上皮样细胞、巨细胞以及CD4＋T细胞,周围区可见CD8＋T细胞及B淋细巴胞,同时胞浆内可见到星状体、绍曼氏体、草酸钙结晶和Hamazaki Wesenberg体。     

髓外白血病的诊治

髓外白血病的诊治杨世海同济医科大学附属同济医院（４３００３０）白血病是骨髓造血细胞异常增生的恶性疾病。白血病细胞不仅在骨髓内广泛而无限制地增生，且可浸润到身体各组织和器官（如骨骼、肝、脾、淋巴结、中枢神经系统、心、肺、肾及生殖器官等），形成髓外白血病...     

肺部结节病的X线诊断分析

<正>结节病为原因不明的多系统肉芽肿性疾病,一般为良性经过,可累计淋巴结、肺、胸膜、骨骼、皮肤眼、肝、脾、腮腺及扁桃体等器官。结节病可发生于任何年龄,多见于20~40岁,女性较多。临床症状于影像学表现常不相称,即肺部改变明显     

骨髓发现杜氏利什曼原虫小儿黑热病2例

黑热病病原体杜氏利什曼原虫的无鞭毛体，主要寄生在肝、脾、骨髓、淋巴结等器官的巨噬细胞内，常引起全身症状，如发热、肝脾肿大（脾进行性肿大）贫血等。我院于2005年5月-8月收治2例黑热病患儿，骨髓检查发现巨噬细胞胞浆内及细胞外有杜氏利什曼原虫，现报告如下。     

microRNA-18a Promotes Cell Migration and Invasion Through Inhibiting Dicer l Expression in Hepatocellular CarcinomaIn Vitro

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-18a (miR-18a) on migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and its possible mechanism associated with Dicer l. Methods HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with miR-18a inhibitor using Lipofectamine. Cell invasion was evaluated by transwell invasion assay, and cell migration was detected by transwell migration and wound-healing assays. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay was used to identify whether Dicer expression was regulated by miR-18a. Real-time RT-PCR and western blot were performed to analyze Dicer 1 expression. In addition, a functional restoration assay was performed to investigate whether miR-18a promotes HCC cell migration and invasion by directly targeting Dicer 1. Results miR-18a inhibitor can suppress the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, suppression of Dicer l expression by small interfering RNA essentially abolished the inhibition of cell migration and invasion induced by miR-18a inhibitor, restorating these activities to levels similar to the parental HCC cells. Interestingly, suppression of miR-18a in HCC cells resulted in enhanced expression of Dicer l. In addition, the results of a luciferase assay demonstrated targeted regulation of Dicer l by miR-18a. Conclusion Our findings suggest that miR-18a promotes migration and invasion of HCC cells by inhibiting Dicer l expression.     

microRNA-18a Promotes Cell Migration and Invasion Through Inhibiting Dicer l Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vitro△

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-18a (miR-18a) on migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and its possible mechanism associated with Dicer l.Methods HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with miR-18a inhibitor using Lipofectamine. Cell invasion was evaluated by transwell invasion assay, and cell migration was detected by transwell migration and wound-healing assays. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay was used to identify whether Dicer expression was regulated by miR-18a. Real-time RT-PCR and western blot were performed to analyze Dicer 1 expression. In addition, a functional restoration assay was performed to investigate whether miR-18a promotes HCC cell migration and invasion by directly targeting Dicer 1.Results miR-18a inhibitor can suppress the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, suppression of Dicer l expression by small interfering RNA essentially abolished the inhibition of cell migration and invasion induced by miR-18a inhibitor, restorating these activities to levels similar to the parental HCC cells. Interestingly, suppression of miR-18a in HCC cells resulted in enhanced expression of Dicer l. In addition, the results of a luciferase assay demonstrated targeted regulation of Dicer l by miR-18a.Conclusion Our findings suggest that miR-18a promotes migration and invasion of HCC cells by inhibiting Dicer l expression.     

不同相对分子质量mPEG-SPA修饰血小板CD42a效果差异分析

目的 观察mPEG-SPA对血小板抗原的修饰效果,并比较不同相对分子质量的mPEG-SPA修饰效果有无差别.方法 分别用相对分子质量为5000、20 000的mPEG-SPA对血小板CD42a进行化学修饰;流式法检测修饰前后CD42a荧光强度变化;模拟CD42a三维空间结构,分析赖氨酸区域在CD42a的分布情况.结果 经5000和20 000的mPEG-SPA修饰后,CD42a荧光强度与对照组相比明显降低,降低比例分别为85.54%和88.65%.CD42a分子表面表达多个赖氨酸区域.结论 5000和20 000的mPEG-SPA对血小板CD42a均具有良好的化学修饰作用,20 000的mPEG-SPA修饰效果优于5000 mPEG-SPA的修饰效果.     

胃癌相关mir-148a靶向调控胃泌素受体CCKBR

目的研究胃癌相关miR-148a与胃泌素受体CCKBR的调控关系,并分析其调控结合位点。方法生物信息学预测人CCKBR 3’UTR上miR-148a的结合位点;利用PCR扩增miR-148a前体构建真核表达载体;Northern Blot检测miR-148a真核表达载体的表达;构建CCKBR 3’UTR野生型和突变型荧光素酶报告载体,并利用双荧光素酶活性分析检测分析miR-148a对CCKBR基因表达的调控和结合位点;Western Blot检测miR-148a过表达对CCKBR蛋白表达的作用。结果在人CCKBR 3’UTR上找到3个miR-148a的潜在结合位点;miR-148a真核表达载体构建成功,转染胃癌细胞后可显著过表达;miR-148a通过人CCKBR 3’UTR上423bp处的结合位点抑制CCKBR的基因表达;miR-148a过表达显著抑制胃癌细胞中CCKBR的蛋白表达。结论 CCKBR是胃癌相关miR-148a的靶基因,miR-148a通过其3’UTR上的结合位点抑制CCKBR的基因表达和蛋白合成,提示miR-148a可能通过调控CCKBR参与胃癌的发生发展。     

实时三维超声在胸腹腔占位性病变诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨实时三维超声在胸、腹腔脏器疾病诊断中的临床应用价值。方法分别对38例胸腔占位性病变、31例肝脏实性占住性病变和11例膀胱内肿块的患者应用全身彩超仪进行实时三维超声检查与血流检测，并与二维超声检查进行对比。结果38侧胸腔占住性病变，二维超声检出28例（73．4％），三维超声检出36例（94．7％）；31例肝脏实性占位性病变，二维超声检出22例（71．0％），三维超声检出30例（96．8％）；11例膀胱内病变，二维超声检出9例（81．8％），三维超声全部检出（100．0％）。结论三维超声成像技术对胸、腹腔脏器肿块的诊断较二维超声更为准确、可靠，立体感更强，临床应用价值更高。     

Aspects of the psychological management of breast cancer

Psychological factors influence the survival of patients with breast cancer through the early detection of the cancer and through compliance with the treatment. There is now evidence that psychological factors also influence the immune factors which control micrometastases. In particular, stoical acceptance of cancer is associated with a shorter survival of the patient, while the expression of hostility towards the cancer is associated with a longer survival of the patient. Unrecognized psychological morbidity can impair the quality of a patient's life for years. Such psychological morbidity may be reduced by more open communication with the patient, by encouragement of the expression of feelings (especially anger), by preoperative diagnosis of the cancer by biopsy and by a greater time allowance before a mastectomy is performed. Morbidity may also be reduced by the encouragement of patients to take an active part in their treatment decisions, by the avoidance of a mastectomy, by immediate breast-reconstruction surgery, and by appropriate psychological support which includes self-help techniques, such as meditation. Breast cancer can be a positive turning-point in a person's life.     

自制器械行股骨颈非头下型骨折内固定与其它术式疗效比较

目的:比较自制器械行微创术治疗股骨颈非头下型骨折与其它术式的治疗效果.方法:对我院1995年至2005年10年间股骨颈骨折患者按不同术式进行分组,将每组患者术后优良率、并发症、患肢持重时间及骨折的平均愈合时间等进行比较.结果:三种手术方式术后比较,利用自制器械行经皮导管加压螺纹钉内固定的手术优良率高,并发症少,γ钉组并发症较多.结论:对于股骨颈非头下型骨折,经皮导管加压螺纹钉行微创内固定是一种较好的方法.     

结缔组织生长因子的克隆及其真核表达载体的构建

目的结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)在肿瘤发生,胚胎发育、骨折愈合、细胞增殖和分化、血管形成等众多领域都有着重要的作用,对结缔组织生长因子进行克隆及构建其真核表达载体,对其在功能上的进一步研究及应用有积极意义.方法以含有鼠CTGF基因序列的EST克隆为模板,通过PCR的方法克隆出目的基因CTGF,再以分子克隆学的方法将CTGF克隆入真核表达载体pAdTrack-CMV,进一步以PCR、酶切、DNA测序的方法筛选出正确的真核表达质粒.并通过Western-Blotting的方法对质粒的表达功能进行研究.结果 PCR、酶切、DNA测序的方法均证实已经成功克隆获得序列正确的目的基因CTGF,并将CTGF克隆入真核表达载体pAdTrack-CMV.Western-Blotting的结果表明构建的表达CTGF的真核表达载体高表达CTGF蛋白质.结论成功克隆目的基因CTGF并构建其真核表达质粒,证实在蛋白质水平获得了表达.     

隔膜型主动脉瓣下狭窄起源的初探

为使胚胎学的研究面向临床,我们采用两维-脉冲多普勒超声心动图检查,诊断33例隔膜型主动脉瓣下狭窄(membranous subaortic stenosis,MSS),其中23例同时合并室间隔膜部缺损(包括5例法乐四联症)。MSS系主动脉瓣下左室流出道有隔膜或新月形的纤维环存在,隔膜常位于主动脉瓣下1～3cm处。该隔膜可能主要由于心脏发生过程中心球脊发育不全引起。     

修饰的脂蛋白(a)在动脉粥样硬化中的作用

本文观察了体外丙二醛（MDA）修饰的脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]结构与生物学性质的变化。硫代巴比妥酶活性物质实验（TBARS）和脂蛋白琼脂糖电泳显示经MDA修饰后，Lp（a）脂质过氧化程度增高，负电荷增多．小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞脂质蓄积实验和对125I－MDA－LDL降解抑制实验揭示，丙二醛修饰的Lp（a）较天然Lp（a）更明显提高鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对胆固醇酯的蓄积和对125I－MDA－LDL降解的抑制，证实了Lp（a）经丙二醛修饰后易被巨噬细胞-清道夫受体识别和摄取，导致细胞内胆固醇酯的蓄积和泡沫细胞的形成，参与动脉粥样硬化的病理过程。此外，通过比较MDA－Lp（a）与MDA-LDL氧化修饰的难易度和对巨噬细胞脂质蓄积的影响，提示Lp（a）分子中载脂蛋白apoB－100在丙二醛修饰Lp（a）中起主要作用。