Bcl—2核酶诱导SMMC7721细胞凋亡与p16,p21蛋白表达 …

目的 观察ｂｃｌ－２核酶对人肝癌细胞株ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞的作用,并检测ｐ１６、ｐ２１的表达情况。探讨ｂｃｌ－２核酶在肝癌治疗中的意义。方法 经脂质体介导的方法,将ＰＭＴｒ－ｎｅｏ（正向ｂｃｌ－２核酶真核表达载体）导入ＳＭＭＣ７７２１细胞中。细胞克隆转移扩大培养后,彩用ＴＵＮＥＬ法、免疫组化技术结合图像分析,在检测ＳＭＭＣ７２７１／ＰＭＴｒ－ｎｅｏ细胞凋亡的同时,检测ｐ１６,ｐ２１的表达。结果     

p170,p53,p16和p21蛋白在膀胱癌中表达的意义

ｐ１７０、ｐ５３、ｐ１６和ｐ２１蛋白在膀胱癌中表达的意义杨毅郭雪西高伟陈丽张辉朱振庆一、材料和方法５０例膀胱癌标本取自我院病理科１９８６～１９９４年手术切除标本，膀胱移行细胞癌４６例，其中Ⅰ级６例，Ⅱ级１４例，Ⅲ级２６例，鳞癌４例。另取６例正常膀胱粘...     

反义RNA抑制肝癌细胞株端粒酶活性与p16、p21表达的关系

目的：观察反义端粒酶ＲＮＡ对ＳＭＭＣ７２２１细胞的作用,并检测ｐ１６、ｐ２１的表达情况,探讨端粒酶在肝癌发生过程中的可能作用及反义端粒酶ＲＮＡ在肝癌治疗中的意义。方法：经脂质体介导的方法将ｐＢＢＳ２１２－ｈＴＲ（反义端粒酶ＲＮＡ真核表达载体）导入ＳＭＭＣ７７２１细胞中,细胞克隆转移扩大培养后,采用流式细胞仪、ＴＲＡＰ－ＰＣＲ－ＥＬＩＳＡ、电镜、免疫组化技术结合图像分析,在检测ＳＭＭＣ７７２１／ｐＢ     

反义端粒酶RNA对SMMC7721细胞P16、P21表达的增强作用

目的 观察反义端粒酶RNA对SMMC7721细胞周期的影响,检测P16和P21的表达,探讨端粒酶与细胞期调控间的关系及反义端粒酶RNA在肝癌基因治疗中的意义。方法 经脂质体介导,将反义端粒RNA真核表达载体pBBS212－hTR导入SMMC7721细胞中。细胞克隆转移扩大培养后,采用流式细胞仪、TRAP－PCR－ELISA及免疫组化技术,结合图像分析,在检测SMMC7721／pBBS212－hTR细胞端粒酶活性的同时,检测P16和P21的表达。结果 与对照组相比较,反义端粒酶RNA在抑制SMMC7721／pBBS212－hTR细胞端粒酶活性的同时,检测P16和P21的表达。结果 与对照组相比较,反义端粒酶RNA在抑制SMMC7721细胞端粒酶活性的同时,P16和P21蛋白的表达水平显著增高。结论 转染反义端粒酶RNA在封闭细胞端粒活性表达的同时,伴发P21与P16表达水平的升高。本实验研究为探讨肝癌发病机制及治疗提供了一定的依据。     

丙型肝炎双移位F蛋白抑制肝癌细胞p16、p21的表达

目的:探讨丙型肝炎双移位F(DF)蛋白对肝癌细胞抑癌基因p16、p21转录与表达的影响。方法:PCR扩增HCV1b型DF基因,构建pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF真核表达载体。再转染至肝癌细胞HepG2中,G418筛选稳定表达细胞株,Western blot检测p16、p21蛋白表达及半定量RT-PCR法检测p16、p21基因转录,并以pCDNA3.0空质粒作为阴性对照。结果:重组质粒pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF蛋白在HepG2细胞中稳定表达,pCDNA3.0/HCV-DF转染细胞中p16、p21 mR-NA转录水平和蛋白表达水平较空质粒转染的细胞明显下降。结论:HCV-DF蛋白能够抑制p16、p21表达,提示可能参与肝细胞癌变发生发展。     

野生型p53基因诱导肝癌细胞凋亡及p21（WAF1／CIP …

目的：研究野生型ｐ５３基因对人肝癌细胞系细胞凋亡的作用。方法：通过脂质体转染方法将野生型ｐ５３基因（ｗｔ－ｐ５３）导入ｐ５３缺陷的ＨＣＣ－９２０４细胞系中，并获稳定表达。结果：转染ｗｔ－ｐ５３后细胞生长缓慢，Ｇ１期细胞数量由转基因前的４８．５％增加到７８．０％，并有较多细胞逐渐死亡。电镜观察和ＤＮＡ分析证实细胞死亡方式主要是细胞凋亡。免疫组化结果显示细胞转染ｗｔ－ｐ５３后，ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１／ＣＩＰ１     

肺鳞癌及癌前病变PCNA、p16、p21、p53表达及细胞凋亡观察

目的 :观察肺癌癌变过程中细胞增殖与凋亡活性的改变 ,分析它们在肺癌发生发展过程中的意义并探讨其调控基因的作用。方法 :收集 86例支气管黏膜活检标本 ,采用免疫酶标法对各组病例进行PCNA、p5 3、p2 1、p16蛋白表达检测 ,用 3′ OH末端DNA原位标记技术进行凋亡细胞检测。结果 :在正常与鳞化组 ,PCNA只在极个别细胞中表达 ,p2 1、p5 3未见表达 ,p16阳性表达率分别为 10 0 %、93 3% ,凋亡细胞阳性率为 (2 9± 5 6 ) %、(2 4± 4 7) %。轻、中度非典型增生组 ,PCNA也只在少数细胞中表达 ,p2 1、p5 3没有表达或极少数细胞表达 ,p16表达率分别为 91 7%、83 3% ,凋亡细胞阳性率分别为 (2 2 0± 4 3) %和 (18 5± 3 7) %。在重度非典型增生与高分化鳞癌组织中PCNA阳性率显著增加 ,而凋亡细胞阳性率却明显减少 ,p2 1、p5 3表达增加 ,p16显著下降。结论 :支气管黏膜癌变是一个由量变到质变的过程 ,而中到重度非典型增生是这一过程中的关键性阶段 ,不仅增殖活性增加 ,而且凋亡活性下降 ,它们的调控基因p16、p2 1、p5 3也发生了显著的变化 ,可能起着重要的调节作用。     

结直肠癌mdm2,p21和p53蛋白的表达

一、材料与方法1.标本 :89份石蜡组织取自 1991～ 1994年期间本院结直肠腺癌手术切除标本 ,术后随访 3～ 6年。其中高分化腺癌 30例 ,中分化腺癌 44例 ,低分化腺癌 15例。按Ｄｕｋｅｓ临床分期 ,无Ａ期病例 ,Ｂ期 42例 ,Ｃ期 37例 ,Ｄ期 10例。纤维结肠镜及病理检查未发现异常的结直肠粘膜活检标本 12例做对照。组织均常规甲醛溶液固定 ,石蜡包埋 ,连续切片 ,分别作常规ＨＥ染色 ,ｍｄｍ2、ｐ2 1、ｐ5 3蛋白免疫组化染色。2 .免疫组化染色 :采用ＳＰ法 ,鼠抗ｍｄｍ2 (ＳＭｐ14)、ｐ5 3(Ｄｏ 1)、ｐ2 1(187)为ＳａｎｔａＣｒｕｚ公司试剂 ,Ｓ…     

bcl-2和p16在胃肠道间质瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨bcl-2和p16的表达与胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumor，GIST)的良恶性及发生发展的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学技术EnVision微波二步法检测40例GIST(良性20例，恶性20例)中bcl-2和p16蛋白的表达。结果 40例GIST中有29例表达bcl-2，23例表达p16，阳性率分别为72．5％和57．5％。bcl-2阳性信号定位于细胞质，p16阳性信号定位于细胞质和细胞核。bcl-2、p16的表达与GIST的良恶性、组织学分型、部位、性别及年龄均无关。结论 bcl-2及p16可能在GIST的早期阶段即参与肿瘤的发生发展，但两者不能作为判断肿瘤良恶性的指标。     

The significance of immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, and p16 in meningiomas tissue arrays

Although histologic grading of meningiomas has prognostic and clinical implications, it is difficult in some cases to predict the outcome of patients. There have been several efforts to evaluate the use of different immunohistochemical markers for predicting meningioma prognosis. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, p16, and PTEN proteins in 130 meningiomas (64 benign, 39 atypical, and 27 malignant meningiomas) using tissue microarray. The tumors were graded according to the World Health Organization classification. There was a statistically significant correlation between the expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, p16, and the grade of meningiomas (p0.001). By ordinal logistic regression, p53 and Ki-67 were significantly associated with grade, and an increase of 1% in the labeling index of these markers resulted in an increase in the risk of raising the grade by 2.17 and 1.49, respectively. Histological grade, p53, Ki-67 labeling indices, and overexpression of p16 were strongly associated with decreased event-free survival in univariate analysis. In contrast, multivariate analysis revealed that only tumor grade is an independent factor for predicting meningioma recurrence. We conclude that the Ki-67 and p53 labeling indices are useful additional tools in discriminating atypical from benign or anaplastic meningiomas, especially in histological borderline cases.     

Protein expression of p53, p21 (WAF1/CIP1), bcl-2, Bax, cyclin D1 and pRb in human colon carcinomas

Tumour growth is regulated by a balance between proliferation, growth arrest and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Until recently, the majority of the studies dealing with oncogenesis has been focused on the regulation of cell proliferation. There is now growing understanding that control of growth arrest and apoptosis play key roles in the development of human cancer and in cancer treatment. Some of the more heavily studied proteins of importance for the control of growth arrest and apoptosis are p53, p21, bcl-2 and bax. Alterations in the p53 protein may lead to malignant transformation and defect therapy response, most likely as a result of defective p53-dependent apoptosis. In addition, p21 (WAF1/CIP1) is involved in cell-cycle arrest and probably in induction of p53-dependent apoptosis. Proteins belonging to the bcl-2 family are also important for normal apoptosis. Overexpression of bcl-2 protein is thought to reduce the apoptotic capacity, while bax protein seems to be necessary for induction of apoptosis. In this study, we have immunostained tissues from 93 primary colon carcinomas and have examined the expression of p53, p21 (WAF1/CIP1), bcl-2 bax, pRb and cyclin D1 for evaluation of their roles in colon-cancer progression. A highly significant association between p53 accumulation and downregulation of p21 (WAF1/CIP1) was seen. We also found a strong association between reduced/absent p21 and the development of metastases and death due to cancer disease. Cyclin D1, bcl-2 and bax protein failed to have independent prognostic impacts. Bcl-2 and bax protein levels showed an inverse relationship. The results of the present study indicate that reduced p21 protein levels play an important role in progression of colon cancer. We concluded that evaluation of p21 expression in primary colon carcinomas at the time of surgery might be a valuable tool in defining patients with a high risk of developing metastases. Received: 22 June 1999 / Accepted: 24 September 1999     

bcl-2 and p53 protein expression in follicular lymphoma

Recent studies have shown bcl-2 to be regulated by p53. Other studies have suggested an inverse relationship between p53 and bcl-2 protein expression in breast and colonic cancers and in a variety of subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study investigates the relationship between bcl-2 and p53 protein expression and the correlation between these findings and the grade and cell type of follicular lymphomas according to the REAL classification. Paraffin-embedded nodal follicular lymphomas (n=37) were subjected to bcl-2 and p53 immunohistochemistry on tissue sections using a three-step ABC system. Positive immunostaining for both oncoproteins was scored using a three-tiered scale: +, <10 per cent cells; ++, 10–50 per cent cells; and +++, >50 per cent cells (<10 per cent was used as a cut-off to define negative tumours). Ninety-seven per cent (36/37) of follicular lymphomas expressed bcl-2 protein in all three grades, manifesting in the small cell (grade 1) through to the large cell (grade 3). p53 protein expression showed a pattern of increasing immunostaining with progression towards the high-grade follicular lymphoma: grade 1=6 per cent (1/16); grade 2=48 per cent (10/21); grade 3=100 per cent (6/6). Five cases comprised varying combinations of grades. This latter finding suggests a role for p53 mutation in the progression/transformation of follicular lymphoma. The mechanism, however, differs from that suggested in breast and colonic cancers, since an inverse relationship between bcl-2 and p53 was not demonstrated in the present study. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

鼻咽癌组织中bcl-2、bax和p53的表达及其与瘤细胞凋亡的关系

目的：了解鼻咽癌组织中瘤细胞ｂｃｌ２、ｂａｘ和ｐ５３的表达及其与瘤细胞凋亡指数（ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓｉｎｄｅｘ,ＡＩ）的关系。方法：对３８例未经治疗的鼻咽癌组织,应用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法检测瘤细胞ｂｃｌ２、ｂａｘ和ｐ５３的表达;末端标记细胞死亡检测法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）计算癌细胞的凋亡指数。结果：（１）３７例（９７４％）中有９０％左右的瘤细胞呈ｂｃｌ２过表达;（２）３８例（１００％）中有７０％左右的瘤细胞过表达ｂａｘ;（３）２９例（７６３％）呈ｐ５３过表达;（４）３８例活检组织的平均ＡＩ为２６０２±２６４２／ＨＰＦ;（５）ＡＩ与ｂｃｌ２、ｂａｘ和ｐ５３的表达无相关性。结论：（１）本组大多数鼻咽癌组织的绝大部分瘤细胞均呈ｂｃｌ２和ｂａｘ高表达;（２）由于ｂｃｌ２和ｂａｘ的表达已在高水平达到相对平衡,因此在大多数人体鼻咽癌中它们可能并不起到介导瘤细胞凋亡的主导作用;（３）鼻咽癌组织中过表达的ｐ５３蛋白可能已失去了调节ｂｃｌ２和ｂａｘ的表达进而影响细胞凋亡的功能。     

p53 and bcl-2 protein expression in non-small-cell lung carcinoma

The diagnostic significance of p53 and bcl-2 proteins in epithelial non–small-cell lung cancers was examined, and the relationship between these proteins expression and other disease parameters, including stage of the disease and tumor differentiation, were studied. We analyzed p53 and bcl-2 proteins expression in 60 imprint smears of freshly resected lung tumors (37 squamous and 23 adenocarcinomas) using the immunocytochemical technique. There were seven patients with stage I disease, 24 with stage II, 23 with stage IIIa, and six with stage IIIb disease, according to the International Staging System classification. Sixteen of the tumors were bcl-2 positive and 25 were p53 positive. Twenty tumors were negative for both bcl-2 and p53 (33.3%). Statistical analysis showed no association between the incidence of p53 or bcl-2 positivity. Adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma analysis showed significant associations between p53 positivity and poor differentiation and advanced disease stage as well as bcl-2 and early disease stage and well-differentiated tumors. There was also an association between the stage of the disease and the degree of differentiation of the tumors. In conclusion, bcl-2 positivity must be considered a good prognostic sign. On the other hand, p53 positivity seems to indicate, even in tumors at a relatively early stage, that a serious aggressive tumor which will not be easily eradicated is present. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1998;19:255–259. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 and p53 expression in breast carcinomas: their correlation with Ki-67 growth fraction

We examined 59 breast cancers for p53 and bcl-2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated with Ki-67 immunostaining. p53-negativity was noted in 40 cases and the remaining 19 tumours were p53-positive. Thirty-six tumours showed strong expression of bcl-2 and in 23 no staining for this protein was observed. We found statistically significant reverse correlation between expression of p53 and bcl-2 in majority of carcinomas: 31 cases were bcl-2 positive and p53-negative, and 14 tumours were bcl-2-negative and p53-positive. Six carcinomas showed no nuclear staining for Ki-67 and in the remaining 53 the percent of cancer cells positive for Ki-67 ranged from 1 to 60 (mean: 14.6). In these 53 cases we found that bcl-2-positive tumours were characterized by lower proliferation than bcl-2-negative tumours, the mean value of Ki-67 immunostaining being 10.7% and 23.0%, respectively. p53-negative tumours showed lower proliferation than p53-positive tumours: mean Ki-67 index was 10.2% and 23.9%, respectively.We conclude that immunohistochemically detected p53 and bcl-2 proteins show a significant inverse relationship in majority of breast carcinomas and their expression correlates with tumour proliferation (Ki-67 immunostaining).