抗卵透明带免疫应答中IL-2和IL-4含量的变化

为了观察卵透明带抗独特型抗体免疫抗生育中ＩＬ ２、ＩＬ ４两种细胞因子含量的变化,分别用猪卵透明带（ＰＺＰ）抗原、鼠抗ＰＺＰ单克隆抗体（１７Ｄ３ｍＡｂ）亲和提纯的透明带抗原和ＰＺＰ的抗独特型抗体（Ａｂ２）免疫小鼠,通过脾细胞体外诱生,测上清液中的ＩＬ ２和ＩＬ ４。结果发现Ａｂ２免疫组主要介导的是Ｔｈ２型免疫反应,而ＰＺＰ免疫组和１７Ｄ３ｍＡｂ靶抗原免疫组ＩＬ ２水平明显升高,可能介导的是Ｔｈ１型免疫反应。结果提示Ａｂ２所模拟的抗原决定簇在ＺＰ免疫避孕的研究中是有前途的。     

抗淋球菌PIA单克隆抗体的制备和应用分析

用淋球菌全菌体免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，取脾细胞与Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合，以纯化ＰＩＡ做ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法筛选，获得５株稳定分泌抗ＰＩＡ的ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞株。５株ＭｃＡｂ中３株为ＩｇＭ类（２Ｈ１１，４Ｈ８，４Ｅ１０），另２株分别为ＩｇＧ１（１Ｃ２）和ＩｇＧ２ｂ（５Ａ５）亚类。２Ｈ１１和１Ｃ２为高亲和力抗体，１Ｃ２与５Ａ５识别的抗原表位相同。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ试验表明，５株ＭｃＡｂ均能从复杂的淋球菌菌体崩解物中特异地识别分子量为３５ＫＤａ的ＰＩＡ抗原，与淋球菌ＰＩＢ无交叉反应。     

丙型肝炎病毒NS3蛋白单克隆杂交瘤细胞株的建立及初步鉴定

应用国产基因工程表达的丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）ＮＳ３区抗原免疫小鼠，然后取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系ＳＰ２／０融合，筛选出４株稳定分泌抗ＨＣＶＮＳ３区蛋白单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）的杂交瘤细胞株，分别命名为２Ｂ６，２Ｆ３，３Ｄ８，３Ｄ９，经初步研究表明这４株单抗与ＮＳ３抗原具有良好的反应性，与ＨＣＶ核心区多肽及乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和ｅ抗原均无反应。抑制实验表明这４株抗体分别针对ＮＳ３抗原分子上的２个不同的抗原决定簇。     

同种动物间TSH抗独特型抗体制备及和AITD关系

根据自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（Ａｕｔｏｉｍｍｕｎｏｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｄｉｓｅａｓｅ，ＡＩＴＤ）发病机制新学说：独特型－抗独特型免疫网络学说，用兔抗人ＴＳＨ抗体在同种家兔中制备了ＴＳＨ抗独特型抗体（ＴＳＨＡｂ＿２），并从免疫学、生物学功能方面进行了鉴定，同时用豚鼠脂肪中ＴＳＨ受体纯化了ＴＳＨＡｂ＿２并检测了兔血清Ｔ＿４、ＴｍＡｂ的值，发现免疫后两者均明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）．本实验支持ＡＩＴＤ中独特型－抗独特型免疫网络学说。     

抗淋球菌PIA单克隆抗体的制备和应用分析

用淋球菌全菌体免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，取脾细胞与Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合，以纯化ＰＩＡ做ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法筛选，获得５株稳定分泌抗ＰＩＡ的ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞株。５株ＭｃＡｂ中３株为ＩｇＭ类（２Ｈ１１，４Ｈ８，４Ｅ１０），另２株分别为ＩｇＧ１（１Ｃ２）和ＩｇＧ２ｂ（５Ａ５）亚类。２Ｈ１１和１Ｃ２为高亲和力抗体，１Ｃ２与５Ａ５识别的抗原表位相同。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ试验表明，５株ＭｃＡｂ均能     

抗D型葡萄球菌肠毒素单克隆抗体的研制及其初步应用

应用小鼠杂交瘤技术获得了５株分泌抗Ｄ型葡萄球菌肠毒素（ＳＥＤ）ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞（ＤＣ３、ＤＣ４、ＤＢ１１、４Ｄ３和４Ｄ５）。其中４Ｄ３为ＩｇＭ（λ），其余为ＩｇＧ１（ｋ）。这组ＭｃＡｂ除ＤＣ３外，其它４株ＭｃＡｂ识别的抗原构象表位相同，其相亲和力依次为４Ｄ５〉ＤＣ３〉ＤＣ４〉４Ｄ３〉ＤＢ１１。利用抗ＳＥＤ多克隆抗体ＨＲＰ标记的ＤＣ３和４Ｄ３（针对不同表位）混合ＭｃＡｂ建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，并     

应用重组质粒pAM－HBsAg在果蝇细胞中表达乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原及基因免疫的初步研究

应用果蝇（ＤＳ２）表达系统，构建了含有乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）、摄金蛋白启动子（ＭＴｎ－ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ）的共表达质粒ｐＡＭ－ＨＢｓＡｇ，转染细胞，经克隆，存活细胞株的培养上清液经硫酸铵沉淀、氯化铯（ＣＳＣｌ）密度梯度离心沉淀，获得的抗原用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）、放射免疫分析（ＲＩＡ）法检测抗体，免疫吸印法（Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ）和电泳凝胶银染显色证实分子量为２３０００和２７０００，免疫电镜观察显示表达产物为２２ｕｍ球型颗粒，通过重金属离子（ＣｕＳＯ４、ＺｎＳＯ４）的诱导可增加抗原的表达量。用共表达质粒ｐＡＭ－ＨＢｓＡｇ的ＤＮＡ，注射Ｂａｌｂ／Ｃ小鼠的股四头肌。经ＥＬＩＳＡ、ＲＩＡ检测抗体产生情况，结果免疫后的小鼠经硫酸锌喂养抗体高于普通喂养的小鼠。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证实鼠肌肉细胞存在ＨＢｓＡｇ基因。小鼠免疫接种实验表明，ＤＳ２细胞表达的抗原与直接用ＤＮＡ含有ＨＢｓＡｇ的重组质粒）免疫小鼠均获抗ＨＢｓＡｇ的抗体。     

抗肾综合征出血热病毒人单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立及初步鉴定

以亲和层析技术纯化的肾综合征出血热病毒（ＨＦＲＳＶ）结构蛋白（５５０００，６７０００）为特异性抗原，体外免疫正常人外周血淋巴细胞（ＰＢＬ），然后将体外免疫的淋巴细胞与人－鼠种间杂交瘤细胞（Ｋ６Ｈ６／Ｂ５）融合，经ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法筛选出２株（２Ｄ５，１Ｂ７）分泌抗－ＨＦＲＳＶ人单克隆抗体（Ｈ－ＭｃＡｂ）杂交瘤细胞株，４次克隆化后，１００％阳性。对２Ｄ５株初步鉴定表明，其抗体类型为ＩｇＧ１；培养上清中抗体浓度为２０～３０μｇ／ｍｌ；特异性免疫荧光反应证明２Ｄ５株Ｈ－ＭｃＡｂ是ＨＦＲＳＶ特异性；中和效价为１∶１６０；体外连续传代６个月仍稳定分泌抗体。     

抗D型葡萄球菌肠毒素单克隆抗体的研制及其初步应用

应用小鼠杂交瘤技术获得５株分泌抗Ｄ型葡萄球菌肠毒素（ＳＥＤ）ＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤细胞（ＤＣ３、ＤＣ４、ＤＢ１１、４Ｄ３和４Ｄ５）。其中４Ｄ３为ＩｇＭ（λ），其余为ＩｇＧ１（ｋ）。这组ＭｃＡｂ除ＤＣ３外，其它４株ＭｃＡｂ识别的抗原构象表位相同，其相对亲和力依次为４Ｄ５＞ＤＣ３＞ＤＣ４＞４Ｄ３＞ＤＢｌｌ。利用抗ＳＥＤ多克隆抗体与ＨＲＰ标记的ＤＣ３和４Ｄ３（针对不同表位）混合ＭｃＡｂ建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，并以该法检测了自临床标本中分离的８０林金葡萄菌所产生的ＳＥＤ，其产毒率为４１．３％。     

抗HEL抗独特型抗体制备及酶功能模拟初探

根据Ｊｅｒｎｅ的免疫网络理论，具有抗原内影像的抗独特型抗体（Ａｂ２或Ａｂ２β）可以模拟抗原诱发机体产生免疫应答，而这种模拟作用多属分子构象上的模拟。本研究选择鸡卵清溶菌酶（ＨＢＬ）作为研究模型进行了这方面的探索。通过对制备的鼠抗ＨＥＬ的单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ１）分析，发现Ｂ７、Ｂ１０是针对ＨＥＬ活性中心的，Ｂ８是远离活性中心的。用这三株ＭｃＡｂ１作免疫原分别免疫同系ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，按常规方法进行融合、筛选，共获得７１株稳定分泌Ａｂ２的单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ２）细胞株，每组选二株ＭｃＡｂ２进行鉴定。…     

抗独特型抗体对小鼠心肌移植耐受的诱导作用

目的探讨抗独特型抗体对小鼠移植耐受的诱导作用.方法以C57BL/6小鼠脾细胞免疫Balb/c小鼠制备抗同种异品系抗体(Ab1),Ab1交联KLH后,免疫Balb/c小鼠诱导产生抗独特型多克隆抗体(Ab2),以之为移植受体,观察Ab2对小鼠心肌移植耐受的诱导作用.结果Ab1交联KLH和弗氏佐剂免疫可以有效诱导抗独特型抗体(Ab2),和对照组相比,Ab2诱导组的小鼠移植物的存活时间明显延长.结论移植前在受体体内诱导产生以移植物抗原为模拟抗原的抗独特型的抗体,可以对小鼠特异性低免疫反应状态起到有效的诱导作用.     

一个抗CEA McAb独特型抗体建立,纯化和初步鉴定

通过癌胚抗原单克隆抗体免疫家兔获得ＣＥＡ ＭｃＡｂ抗独特型抗体，Ａｂ２不但能竞争抑制ＣＥＡ ＭｃＡｂ与大肠癌细胞ＨＴ－２９的结合，而且诱导小鼠对大肠癌细胞ＨＴ－２９的迟发性过敏反应。     

B and T cell responses elicited by monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (Ab2beta) mimicking gp43 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis endemic in Latin America, with a high prevalence in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela. The aetiological agent of disease is the thermal dimorphic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. A glycoprotein of 43 kD (gp43) is the major antigen of P. brasiliensis. Antibodies directed to this antigen are detected in the sera of all patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Recently, it has been shown that mice immunized with anti-gp43 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (Ab1), induce the idiotypic cascade in the gp43 system, which produced both, anti-Id antibodies (Ab2) and anti-anti-Id antibodies (Ab3). To further characterize the idiotypic cascade modulation in mice immunized with anti-gp43 MAb 17c, hybridomas were produced. Ab2 MAbs named 7.B12 inhibited (>95%) the binding of gp43 to MAb 17c (Ab1), suggesting that this anti-Id MAb bind to the idiotope, thus fulfilling the internal image criteria. To elucidate whether Ab2 MAb could act as antigen in serological assays, instead of gp43, sera from PCM patients were tested. Using an ELISA test, it was observed that antibodies from patients and not normal serum bound to Ab2. However, the ELISA test using Ab2 bound to the solid phase made possible to serologically monitor the patients after antifungal therapy, showing an equivalent curve when compared with ELISA test employing purified gp43. Our results also showed that, when mice were immunized with Ab2beta and their cells were exposed to gp43 in vitro, a T cell proliferation response was observed.     

Induction of immunity to a human osteosarcoma-associated antigen in mice using anti-idiotypic antibodies

Polyclonal rabbit anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) were produced and analyzed for their ability to stimulate humoral immunity against a human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in BALB/c mice. Murine monoclonal antibody (Mab) OSA-1 recognizes an 85,000-Da TAA present on both human osteosarcoma tissue and osteosarcoma cell lines. Rabbits were immunized with OSA-1 (Ab1) to produce Ab2. The polyclonal Ab2 were shown to react against an idiotope located at or near the antigen combining site of Ab1. Ab2 were demonstrated to be potent inhibitors of TAA binding to Ab1. BALB/c mice were immunized with this Ab2 preparation and then tested for the presence of osteosarcoma TAA reactive antibodies. Sera from Ab2-immunized mice were shown by Western blot to contain antibodies whose specificity resembled Ab1. Thus, immunization with polyclonal rabbit Ab2 was shown to stimulate production of Ab3 in mice which reacted against a human osteosarcoma TAA.     

单克隆的抗-HBs在同系鼠体内诱导抗-HBs的观察

作者采用BALB/c鼠的抗-HBs单克隆抗体(Ab_1)作为抗原,免疫同系BALB/c小鼠,使其在自身体内产生Ab_2,观察了由Ab_2诱导的Ab_3的消长情况。经测定其血清,免疫小鼠在第7天出现Ab_2,随后第9天、第19天出现Ab_2的显著增高。Ab_3的出现是在第9天,随后在第11天,第17天和第21天出现增高现象。Ab_2与Ab_3的量的变化,呈周期性消长。一般说来,当Ab_2增高时,Ab_3减低;若Ab_2降低,则Ab_3增高。实验过程中,还发现Ab_3能与外界进入体内的HBsAg结合。上述实验中出现的Ab_2和Ab_3之间的相互刺激和相互中和的现象,表明是小鼠体内自身的抗个体型抗体的调节作用的结果,因而出现了上述周期性的动态变化,支持体内存在着一个个体型——抗个体型免疫网络的理论,本文依据实验事实,认为传统的被动免疫方法,在一定条件下,也能诱导出主动免疫。     

一次细胞融合制备分泌抗狂犬病毒单抗杂交瘤及分泌抗独特型单抗杂交瘤的实验研究

根据独特型与抗独特型的免疫网络与免疫调节学说，利用狂犬病毒作为免疫原，设计了不同的动物免疫方案，免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠，免疫脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞经一次融合，同时获得了分泌抗狂犬病毒单克隆抗体杂交瘤及分泌狂犬病毒抗独特型单克隆抗体杂交瘤，为抗独特型抗体的制备开辟了一条简捷经济的途径。     

The role of the 16/6 idiotype network in the induction and manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus

Experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been inducedin mice by immunization with either a human anti-DNA mAb bearinga common idiotype (Id) designated 16/6 Id (antibody 1, Ab1)or with a murine anti-16/6 Id mAb (Ab2). In the present studya murine mAb (5G12-4, Ab3) that bears the 16/6 Id and bindsto DNA was produced and was found to bind rabbit anti-16/6 Idsera and murine antl-16/6 Id mAb similarly to the human mAb16/6 Id (Ab1).Moreover, mAb 5G12-4 was shown to share T cellepitopes with the human 16/6 Id mAb, since lymph node cellsof mice immunized with the mAb 5G12-4 proliferated significantlyto the human 16/6 mAb and vice versa. Following immunizationof mice with the murine mAb bearing the 16/6 Id, antibodiesto dsDNA, ssDNA, 16/6 Id, anti-16/6 Id, and to HeLa nuclearextract proteins were detected, similarly to those observedpreviously upon immunization with Ab1 or Ab2. Six months followingthe immunization, the mice exhibited leukopenia, increased erythrocytesedimentation rates, and proteinuria. Examination of the kidneysof the mice disclosed immune complex deposits, thickening ofthe Bowman's capsule and glomerular necrosis. These resultsshow the Importance of the 16/6 Id network in the inductionand progression of SLE in mice.     

Evidence of idiotypic modulation in the immune response to gp43, the major antigenic component of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in both mice and humans

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis endemic in Latin America, with a high prevalence in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela. The aetiologic agent of disease is a thermal dimorphic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. A glycoprotein of 43 000 D (gp43) is the major antigen of P. brasiliensis. Antibodies directed to this antigen are detected in the sera of all patients with PCM. Gp43 binds to laminin, thus participating in adhesion, invasion and pathogenesis of the fungus. As the role of antibodies in PCM is not fully understood, we decided to investigate the outcome of mice immunization with three distinct anti-gp43 MoAbs (17c, 8a and 24a) coupled with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). Results show not only the expected presence of anti-Id (AB2) antibodies in the sera of these animals but also a spontaneous and increasing amount of anti-anti-Id (AB3) antibodies after the third course of immunization. Hybridomas producing both AB2 and AB3 MoAbs were obtained using spleen cells from mice immunized with MoAb 17c. AB3 MoAbs were also obtained with spleen cells of mice immunized with MoAbs 8a and 24a. It was also shown that human PCM patients' sera with high titres of anti-gp43 antibodies generate anti-Id antibodies. These data suggest that the immune response to P. brasiliensis can be spontaneously modulated by the idiotypic network.     

用体外致敏的鼻咽癌患者B细胞构建噬菌体抗独特型抗体库

目的 :构建噬菌体人源抗独特型抗体库。方法 :体外致敏并用EBV转化鼻咽癌患者的PBMC。用PCR分别扩增VH 和VL 基因并组成ScFv基因。将ScFv基因与载体连接后 ,转化大肠杆菌MC10 6 1,构建噬菌体呈现型ScFv库。结果 :经EBV转化的 10例鼻咽癌患者的PBMC中 ,8例有鼻咽癌抗独特型抗体产生。经多次PCR ,扩增出 5种VH(γ、μ)和 7种VL(κ、λ)基因 ,经连接组成 14种ScFv基因。将ScFv基因与载体连接后 ,导入大肠杆菌MC10 6 1。经四环素抗性筛选 ,得到库容为 1.1× 10 7的初级噬菌体抗独特型抗体库 ,噬菌体DNA中全长ScFv基因的插入率为 70 %。结论 :用体外致敏法结合噬菌体抗体库技术 ,制备人源抗独特型单链抗体(Ab2 βScFv)的策略是可行的