肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折效果观察

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的效果。方法选择2015-09—2016-11间遂平县人民医院收治的84例肱骨外科颈骨折患者,根据不同术式分为2组,每组42例。对照组行肱骨近端解剖钢板治疗,观察组行肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗。结果观察组手术时间、术中出血量、并发症发生率及骨折愈合时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。随访3个月,观察组Neer肩关节功能评分总优良率略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折,能缩短骨折愈合时间,并发症发生率低,有利于改善肩关节功能。     

锁定钢板内固定治疗高龄患者肱骨近端骨折

正2011年4月~2014年9月,我科采用锁定钢板内固定治疗17例高龄肱骨近端骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组17例,男7例,女10例,年龄70~84岁。均为新鲜骨折,伴肩关节脱位4例。按肱骨近端骨折Neer分型:Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型11例。1.2治疗方法臂丛麻醉或全身麻醉。     

锁定加压钢板和普通钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的疗效分析对比

目的 分析比较锁定加压钢板和普通钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的疗效.方法 32例老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的患者,17例应用锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,15例应用普通钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,并对结果进行分析对比.结果 经12～18个月随访,平均13.7个月.锁定加压钢板组较普通钢板组在手术时间、出血量等方面均有优势;按照Neer肩关节评分标准,术后锁定加压钢板组优于普通钢板组;术后并发症对比,锁定加压钢板组较普通钢板组少.结论 锁定加压钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折具有创伤小、骨折愈合率高、并发症少等优点,是一种理想的治疗方法.     

肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗老年人肱骨近端二、三部分骨折

2008年5月～2011年11月,我科采用肱骨近端锁定加压钢板治疗13例老年肱骨近端二、三部分骨折患者,取得了较满意疗效,报道如下. 1材料与方法 1.1病例资料本组13例,男6例,女7例,年龄60 ～ 82岁.均为闭合骨折.按Neer分型:二部分骨折7例,三部分骨折6例.受伤至手术时间为3～7d.1.2手术方法 患者仰卧位,患肩垫高.取肩关节前外侧切口,经三角肌与胸大肌间隙进入,尽量不切开关节囊及不大范围剥离关节囊外骨膜,最大程度保护肱骨头血供.     

锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的 探讨锁定加压钢板在肱骨近端骨折治疗中的应用和临床疗效.方法 应用锁定加压钢板治疗30例肱骨近端骨折,其中男性13例,女性17例;年龄35～70岁,平均50岁.根据Neer分类:二部分骨折11例,三部分骨折15例,四部分骨折4例.结果 随访12～15个月,平均13.2个月,骨折平均愈合时间7.8周.根据Neer评分,优良率为93.3%.结论 锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,具有操作简单、固定稳定、骨折愈合率高、并发症少等优点,尤其适合肱骨近端复杂骨折的治疗.     

锁定钢板与传统钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折疗效比较

目的比较肱骨近端锁定钢板(LPHP)与传统钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法将89例患者按手术方式不同分为LPHP固定组(46例)及传统钢板组(43例)。记录两组患者手术时间、术中失血量、住院天数以及并发症等各项指标。手术后6周、3个月、1年进行随访。肩关节功能采用美国肩肘外科医师(AS-ES)评分以及Constant-Murley评分,对两组疗效进行比较。结果手术时间、术中出血量及术后并发症发生率LPHP组均明显低于传统钢板组,术后肩关节功能评分LPHP组明显高于传统钢板组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 LPHP组固定可靠,术后功能恢复满意,是治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的理想方法。     

应用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的观察、评价肱骨近端锁定钢板（LPHP）治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法通过分析自2008—01—2012—10收治并随访的52例肱骨近端二部分以上骨折。采用有限切开、透视复位、肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定的方法治疗,骨缺损患者采用自体髂骨及人工骨植骨。结果本组获得随访8—25个月（平均15个月）,肱骨近端骨折均得到了愈合,按Neer肩关节功能评分标准：优25例,良18例,可6例,差3例,优良率82．7％。未发生断板、断钉,无肱骨头缺血坏死及肩峰撞击综合征。结论应用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,骨缺损者取髂骨、人工骨植骨,根据骨折类型及稳定性等指导功能锻炼,骨折愈合良好、并发症少、关节功能恢复好。     

锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折

2004年4月~2011年11月,我们应用经皮微创锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定治疗32例肱骨近端骨折患者,取得良好效果,报道如下. 1 材料与方法 1.1 病例资料本组32例,男13例,女19例,年龄46~95岁.骨折Neer分型:二部分骨折4例,三部分骨折22例,四部分骨折6例.受伤至手术时间2~6 d.     

锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的评价锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的效果。方法应用锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折患者35例：Neer分型二部分骨折11例,三部分骨折14例,四部分骨折10例。均采用Constant评分方法评价疗效。结果患者均获随访,时间为10～35个月。无内固定失败,骨折均愈合。肩关节功能评价：优6例,良22例,差7例。结论锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折手术创伤小,疗效满意。     

锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法自2005年5—2007年1月，应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折12例，其中男4例，女8例；左侧5例，右侧7例；年龄60-75岁，平均66岁。根据Neer分类：二部分骨折7例，三部分骨折4例，四部分骨折1例，均为闭合性新鲜骨质疏松性骨折。采用三角肌、胸大肌间隙入路，9例行自体骨植骨术。结果12例均得到随访，随访时间4-18个月，平均10个月。所有骨折均愈合，平均愈合时间12周，根据Constant评分，优5例，良5例，中2例，优良率83．3％。结论肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折具有固定可靠、退钉率低、并发症少等优点；必要时植骨，可提高骨折愈合率，特别适用于骨质疏松的肱骨近端粉碎性骨折。     

锁定接骨板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折

目的 探讨肱骨近端锁定接骨板(LPHP)治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法 采PHP治疗29例肱骨近端骨折，按Neer分类法，二部分骨折11例；三部分骨折12例；四部分骨折6例。结果 平均愈合时间7．4周(6～12周)：按照Constant评分标准，功能优18例，良为8例，中为3例，优良率为89．6％。结论 肱骨近端锁定接骨板治疗眩骨近端骨折手术简单、固定可靠、并发症少、骨折愈合率高特别是老年骨质疏松患者首选治疗方法。     

锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端复杂骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定接骨板（LPHP）治疗肱骨近端复杂骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾分析本院2003年1月至2005年10月采取LPHP治疗31例肱骨近端复杂骨折。按Neer分型，3部分骨折22例；4部分骨折9例。结果31例经5～13月随访．无1例发生内固定松动、断裂，全部骨折均愈合。肩关节功能按照Constant评分标准，功能优9例，良18例，中4例，优良率87．1％。结论LPHP治疗肱骨近端复杂骨折固定可靠、骨折愈合率高、可行早期功能锻炼，功能恢复好。     

长PHILOS钢板结合MIPO技术治疗肱骨近端伴肱骨干骨折临床研究

目的总结应用长型肱骨近端内固定锁定钢板(PHILOS),经微创钢板内固定(MIPO)技术,即肩峰下前外侧经三角肌入路治疗肱骨近端伴肱骨干复杂骨折的临床疗效。方法 2007年3月至2009年12月,应用长型PHILOS结合MIPO技术治疗肱骨近端伴肱骨干复杂骨折18例。其中男11例,女7例;年龄28～69岁,平均58.5岁。均为新鲜闭合性骨折,受伤至手术时间5～10 d。肱骨近端骨折中Neer分型2部分骨折2例,3部分骨折12例,4部分骨折4例;肱骨干骨折中AO分型A1型3例,A2型1例,B1型5例,B2型2例,B3型3例,C1型2例,C3型2例。术后肩关节功能评价采用Neer评分,肘关节功能评价采用美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分。结果 18例患者均获随访,随访时间11～31个月,平均14.6个月。术后出现桡神经麻痹症状1例,12周内自行恢复;出现肩关节慢性轻度疼痛2例,予以对症治疗后逐渐缓解。术后12个月18例全部达骨性愈合,无退钉或内固定松动等并发症发生。按Neer评分,肩关节功能优7例,良9例,中2例,优良率为88.9%;按HSS评分,肘关节功能优16例,良2例,优良率为100%。结论长型PHILOS结合MIPO技术,具有血运破坏少、固定可靠、并发症少、满意率高等优点,是治疗肱骨近端伴肱骨干骨折的一种新方法。     

A systematic review of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures

Purpose

Technique for the fixation of two, three, and four part proximal humerus fractures has rapidly shifted towards the use of specially contoured proximal humerus locking plates. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short to medium term functional results and common complications associated with the fixation of proximal humerus fractures with locking plates.

Methods

The PubMed and EMBASE databases were used to perform a systematic review of the English literature to assess the functional results and complications associated with proximal humerus locking plates. Our inclusion criteria were proximal humerus fracture due to trauma (excluding pathologic fractures), patients greater than 18 years of age, more than 15 patients in the study or subgroup of interest, at least 18 months follow-up, at least one relevant functional outcome score, and quality outcome score of at least 5/10. Studies that did not meet these criteria were excluded. All institutional, author, and journal information was concealed to minimize reviewer bias.

Results

Twelve studies including 514 patients met the inclusion criteria. At most recent follow-up patients achieved a mean Constant score of 74 and a mean DASH score of 27. The overall rate of complications was 49% including varus malunion, 33% excluding varus malunion, and reoperation rate was 14%. The most common complications included varus malunion 16%, AVN 10%, screw perforation of the humeral head into the joint 8%, subacromial impingement 6%, and infection 4%.

Discussion

Fixation of proximal humerus fractures with proximal humerus locking plates is associated with a high rate of complications and reoperation. Further study is needed to determine what technical errors and patient characteristics are risk factors for failure of this now common fixation technique.     

The elderly have similar outcomes compared to younger patients after ORIF with locking plate for comminuted proximal humerus fracture

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of elder and younger patients with comminuted proximal humerus fracture treated with osteosynthesis with locking plate.

锁定钢板与常规手术治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效比较

目的 :比较肱骨近端锁定钢板 (LockingProximalHumerusPlate)与常规手术方法治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效。方法 :回顾性分析比较肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折与常规手术方法的疗效与并发症。结果 :锁定钢板治疗组的疗效及并发症发生率明显优于常规手术方法组 ,治疗组的满意率 87.5 %～ 76% ,断钉断板率 <16% ,感染率 <8% ,肩峰撞击 <2 0 % ,四部分骨折肱骨头坏死率 3 3 .3 %～ 60 % ,P <0 .0 5。结论 :治疗肱骨近端骨折方法多样 ,肱骨近端锁定钢板是一种创新、优异的方法。     

经皮钢板固定治疗老年性肱骨近端3、4部分骨折

目的:探讨应用关节囊外间接复位经皮肱骨近端锁定钢板(LPHP)固定治疗老年性肱骨近端3、4部分骨折的疗效。方法:自2004年11月至2008年5月,应用关节囊外间接复位经皮LPHP固定技术治疗老年性肱骨近端3、4部分骨折24例,男6例,女18例;年龄55～88岁,平均70岁。手术采用肩外侧横切口经三角肌入路,关节囊外正骨手法将骨折复位后,将LPHP从切口内插入,然后远端做切口暴露钢板远端,近端4～6枚螺钉固定,远端3枚螺钉固定。术后2～3d患肩开始被动活动,2周后开始主动活动,3周后加强功能锻炼。应用Constant评分系统对肩关节进行功能评定。结果:所有骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间10.5周(8～21周),Constant评分49～92分,平均81.6分。其中优7例,良13例,中3例,差1例。结论:关节囊外间接复位结合LPHP内固定具有固定稳定、操作简单和血运破坏少等优点,能够有效治疗肱骨近端3、4部分骨折,特别适用老年骨质疏松患者。     

Biomechanical in vitro assessment of screw augmentation in locked plating of proximal humerus fractures

Introduction

Proximal humerus fracture fixation can be difficult because of osteoporosis making it difficult to achieve stable implant anchorage in the weak bone stock even when using locking plates. This may cause implant failure requiring revision surgery. Cement augmentation has, in principle, been shown to improve stability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether augmentation of particular screws of a locking plate aimed at a region of low bone quality is effective in improving stability in a proximal humerus fracture model.

Materials and methods

Twelve paired human humerus specimens were included. Quantitative computed tomography was performed to determine bone mineral density (BMD). Local bone quality in the direction of the six proximal screws of a standard locking plate (PHILOS, Synthes) was assessed using mechanical means (DensiProbe™). A three-part fracture model with a metaphyseal defect was simulated and fixed with the plate. Within each pair of humeri the two screws aimed at the region of the lowest bone quality according to the DensiProbe™ were augmented in a randomised manner. For augmentation, 0.5 ml of bone cement was injected in a screw with multiple outlets at its tip under fluoroscopic control. A cyclic varus-bending test with increasing upper load magnitude was performed until failure of the screw–bone fixation.

Results

The augmented group withstood significantly more load cycles. The correlation of BMD with load cycles until failure and BMD with paired difference in load cycles to failure showed that augmentation could compensate for a low BMD.

Discussion and conclusion

The results demonstrate that augmentation of screws in locked plating in a proximal humerus fracture model is effective in improving primary stability in a cyclic varus-bending test. The augmentation of two particular screws aimed at a region of low bone quality within the humeral head was almost as effective as four screws with twice the amount of bone cement. Screw augmentation combined with a knowledge of the local bone quality could be more effective in enhancing the primary stability of a proximal humerus locking plate because the effect of augmentation can be exploited more effectively limiting it to the degree required.     

Surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures using PHILOS plate

Objective：To evaluate functional outcome and complications of open reduction and internal fixation with proximal humeral internal locking system （PHILOS） plate for proximal humerus fractures.Methods：We reviewed 51 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation with PHILOS plate between the years 2007 to 2012.There were 35 men and 16 women with a mean age of 38 years （range 24-68）.There were 41 patients in the age group of ＜60 years and 10 patients in the age group of ＞60 years.According to Neer classification system,8,15 and 23 patients had 2-part,3-part,and 4-part fractures,respectively and 5 patients had 4-part fracture dislocation.All surgeries were carried out at our tertiary care trauma centre.Functional evaluation of the shoulder at final follow-up was done using Constant-Murley score.Results：The mean follow-up period was 30 months （range 12-44 months）.Two patients were lost to followup.Of the remaining 49 patients,all fractures were united clinically and radiologically.The mean time for radiological union was 12 weeks （range 8-20 weeks）.At the final follow-up the mean Constant-Murley score was 79 （range 50-100）.The results were excellent in 25 patients,good in 13 patients,fair in 6 patients and poor in 5 patients.During the follow-up,four cases of varus malunion,one case of subacromial impingement,one case of deep infection,one case of intraarticular screw penetration and one case of failure of fixation were noted.No cases of avascular necrosis,hardware failure,locking screw loosening or nonunion were noted.Conclusion：PHILOS provides stable fixation in proximal humerus fractures.To prevent potential complications like avascular necrosis,meticulous surgical dissection to preserve vascularity of humeral head is necessary.     

Internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures with locking proximal humeral plate (LPHP) in elderly patients with osteoporosis

Background  Different operative techniques used for treating displaced proximal humeral fractures could result in malunion, non-union, osteonecrosis of humeral head, loosening of screw and loss of reduction particularly in comminuted and osteoporotic fractures. Locking compression plate (LPHP) has been proposed for open reduction and internal fixation of these fractures and is associated with less complication rate. Materials and methods  We prospectively assessed the functional outcome and the complications after an average follow-up of 24.9 months in 25 patients of proximal humeral fractures with osteoporosis. Mean age was 62 years. Using AO classification, 48% were type A and 52% type B. Results  Mean constant score was 80 points. According to constant score, 28% had excellent outcome, 64% had good functional outcome, and 8% had moderate outcome. When the results were related to grades of osteoporosis, grade IV osteoporotic fractures had highest average Constant–Murley score (83 points, range 78–88 points), followed by grade III osteoporotic fractures (80 points, range 71–92 points), followed by grade II osteoporotic fractures (78 points, range 66–88 points). Varus malalignment and subacromial impingement were observed in 8% patients. Loosening of implant and loss of reduction were observed in 4% patients. Superficial infection was observed in 4% patients. Conclusions  Locking compression plate (LPHP) is an advantageous implant in proximal humeral fractures due to angular stability, particularly in comminuted fractures and in osteoporotic bones in elderly patients, thus allowing early mobilization.