采用B型超声波、酶联免疫吸附试验诊断包虫病探讨

包虫病是牧区常见的人畜共患疾病,发病与职业、生活习俗有关,因此成为高原牧区影响农牧民群众身体健康的主要地方病之一。我们采用B型超声波(B超)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法探讨高原牧区包虫病的诊断。 1.对象与方法:高原牧区农牧民群众以游牧为主,素有     

ELISA试验的质量控制

酶联免疫吸附试验 (EL ISA)是在放射免疫分析理论的基础上发展起来的一种非放射性标记的免疫技术。因其具有操作简单 ,特异性强 ,灵敏度高而被广泛应用于血清学诊断领域。由于 EL ISA试验不象生化反应那么简单 ,试验过程中可受到种因素的影响 ,因而各实验室的检测结果常存在不相符的现象 ,有时甚至出现假阳性或假阴性。如疾病控制中心每年都要对从事饮食食品、化妆品等行业的从业人员血清标本进行乙肝指标检测。若出现假阳性 ,便会造成这些人员无端调离原工作岗位的不良后果 ;若出现假阴性。有可能引起饮食行业乙型肝炎患者的漏检 ,在一…     

末梢血浆IHA和ELISA法诊断血吸虫病的应用价值

随着血吸虫病综合治理工作的不断加强和深入,各疫区人群的感染度正逐渐降低,单一的粪便检查已很难满足疫情普查工作的需要,而使血液免疫学检查的使用变得更为广泛,但由于血液检查一直采用静脉采血,不易被群众接受,使其在疫区普查工作中受到了一定的限制,为此,采用末梢取血作间接血凝试验(IHA )与酶联免疫吸附试验(EL ISA)检测血吸虫病,取得了较好的效果,现报告如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　标本来源　来鄂州市血吸虫病防治所门诊查病人员和随机选取一疫区村村民作为受检人群,共计4 6 9人,其中男2 82人,女1 87人,年龄最大者72岁,最小者5岁,…     

酶联免疫吸附试验诊断肺结核的应用价值

本文综述了1984年以来我国有关学者用酶联免疫吸附试验检测结核抗体的结果，从肺结核患者的抗体检出率多在85％以上，而非结核肺疾患、支气管感染人群和健康人的抗体检出率仅在l0％或5％左右，以及在痰菌阴性的肺结核患者申亦有较高的抗体阳性检出率等报导中，提示了该法对肺结核诊断的鉴别意义。鉴于该法具有简易、经济、实用的特点，建议可在旅行医学体检工作上推广应用。     

河豚毒素单抗ELISA检测试剂盒的研制

目的研制快速检测河豚鱼类中的河豚毒素（tetrodotoxin,TTX）试剂盒.方法在生产的抗TTX单克隆抗体基础上,利用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附方法研制TTX快速检测试剂盒.结果该试剂盒的最低检出浓度为5ng/ml,标准曲线的线性范围为5～500ng/ml,回归方程为Y＝-0.3546x＋1.1006,r=0.99（P〈0.05）;河豚鱼25和100ng/ml 2个水平的加标回收率为72.45%～111.24%;试剂盒常温下可保存225d;与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）无交叉反应;实验室内的变异系数和实验室间的变异系数均〈20%.结论该试剂盒快速、简单、灵敏,可满足实际工作需要.     

鲍氏不动杆菌感染快速诊断方法的研究

目的 建立鲍氏不动杆菌(ABA)感染的快速诊断方法.方法 收集临床分离的ABA48株,对其进行耐药性分析;分别用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法、血清学方法对其快速诊断方法进行初步研究.结果 PCR对ABA的检出率为83.3％,48株菌中8株未检出;此方法的最低检出量为3.6×103 CFU;通过对60份阴性血清的检测,确定Cutoff值为0.43,对48份阳性血清进行检测,均为阳性,检出率为100.0％.结论 该试验建立的PCR诊断方法和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)血清学诊断方法,具有较高的特异性和敏感性,为临床ABA快速、高效诊断方法的建立提供了试验依据.     

ELISA与TPPA试验方法的比较

梅毒是由梅毒螺旋体感染引起的对人类健康威胁较大的性传播疾病之一。作为较常见的性传染病,在许多国家流行相当普遍。60年代已经在我国基本被消灭,近年来,随着我国经济的发展,国际间交流的日益频繁,梅毒感染又死灰复燃,在全国迅速传播,已严重危害了人民身体健康。目前,其检测方法较多,有RPR法、TRUST法、ELISA法、TPHA(梅毒螺旋体血凝试验)法、TPPA法等,本文应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和明胶颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)两种方法,对沈阳市2002年537份献血员血清标本中梅毒螺旋体抗体进行检测,其结果比较如下。     

北京市密云县病毒性肝炎病原学分型诊断调查

目的了解急性病毒性肝炎的分型诊断与疫情报告之间的差距,准确掌握北京市密云县各型病毒性肝炎发病情况的基线资料,为今后制定科学的防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集2005～2008年医疗机构网络直报的急性病毒性肝炎发病病例,对其进行流行病学调查或血清学检测。结果2005～2008年网报急性病毒性肝炎总例数为455例,核实确诊305例,符合率为67.03%。305例中甲型病毒性肝炎3例,占急性病毒性肝炎的0.98%;乙型病毒性肝炎161例,占52.79%;丙型病毒性肝炎27例,占8.85%;丁型病毒性肝炎1例,占0.33%,戊型病毒性肝炎58例,占19.02%;未分型肝炎55例,占18.03%。2005～2008年,密云县急性病毒性肝炎发病病例以乙型为主,甲型比例很小,但戊型肝炎的发病不容忽视。结论乙型肝炎、戊型肝炎应为当前病毒性肝炎防治重点;应进一步规范临床病毒性肝炎的诊断,同时继续定期开展病毒性肝炎的血清学监测。     

ELISA和荧光定量PCR在麻疹实验室诊断中的应用分析

目的 分析比较ELISA和荧光定量PCR对麻疹疑似病例的实验室检测结果,为疾病的尽早确诊及检测方法 的选择提供依据.方法以百色市12个县(区)2013年1月至2015年12月的351例疑似病例为研究对象,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清标本中麻疹病毒IgM抗体,同时应用荧光定量PCR检测咽拭子样本中麻疹病毒核酸RNA,分析比较两法的检测结果 .结果351例麻疹疑似病例中,麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性160例,阳性率为45.58%;荧光定量PCR检测麻疹病毒核酸RNA阳性167例,阳性率为47.58%;两种方法的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.091,P=0.296).对不同出疹时间采集的标本用两种方法检测的阳性率差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);有无免疫史患者标本两种方法检测的阳性率基本一致.结论 ELISA和荧光定量PCR用于麻疹疑似病例的实验检测结果无明显差异,各实验室可根据自身情况选择其中之一.     

Seroepidemiological Study of Human Hydatidosis in Meshkinshahr District,Ardabil Province,Iran

Background

The aim of this study was to conduct a sero-epidemiological survey in Meshkinshahr, Ardabil Province, northwestern Iran to detect the rate of hydatidosis in the city and nearby villages. Literature shows that no such study has been conducted so far.

Methods

Overall, 670 serum samples were collected from 194 males and 476 females from patients referred to different health centers of the region. All patients filled out a questionnaire and an informed consent. Sera were analyzed using indirect-ELISA test. Ten µg /ml antigens (Antigen B derived from hydatid cyst fluid), serum dilutions of 1:500 and conjugate anti-human coombs with 1:10000 dilutions were utilized to perform the test. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software ver. 11.5.

Results

The seroprevalence of human hydatidosis was 1.79% by ELISA test in the region. This rate for females was 1.68% and males 2.6%, respectively. There was no significant difference as regards all factors studied and the seropositivity. According to job, farmers and ranchmen had the highest rate of infection as 3.17%. The sero-prevalence of infection was 2.6%% in illiterate people which showed the highest rate. As regards residency, urban life showed no significant difference with rural life (1.1% vs. 2.58%). Age group of 69–90 yr old, with 4.62% as prevalence had the highest rate of positivity.

Conclusion

Obtained sero-prevalence of hydatidosis shows more or less a resemblance to other cities of Iran, although due to the specific condition of the city we expected more rate of sero-positivity.     

Serological Evaluation of EgAgB16 kDa,a Recombinant Antigen from Echinococcus granulosus for Diagnosis of Human Hydatidosis

Background

Regarding that accurate diagnosis of human hydatidosis still needs more investigations, the present study was conducted to clone, express, and evaluate the gene encoding AgB subunits (EgAgB16 kDa) from Echinococcus granulosus (Iranian G1 strain) and its evaluation by ELISA test.

Methods

DNA was extracted from protoscoleces and was utilized by PCR for strain identification. Total RNA was prepared with RNeasy protect mini kit from E. granulosus (Iranian G1 strain) protoscoleces collected from naturally infected sheep with hydatid cyst. Recombinant AgB16 kDa was produced using pETDuet as vector and evaluated by ELISA method. A panel of sera including hydatid cyst-infected individuals (n=72), healthy individual (n=48), toxoplasmosis (n=4), strongyloidosis (n=4), kala-azar (n=5) and tuberculosis (n=5) were examined using this recombinant antigen.

Results

Recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography using His-Tag column. After purification, recombinant protein was confirmed by western blot analysis using His Tag monoclonal antibody or hydatid positive human serum. The sensitivity, specificity; positive and negative predictive values were calculated as 93.5%, 95.6%, 96% and 92.9%, in that order. The cut-off point was detected 0.3 for rAgB16.

Conclusion

While the produced recombinant AgB16 kDa showed promising results in diagnosing human hydatidosis, but more investigations should be implemented to reach an accurate gold standard.     

ELISA IgG as screening test for the research of true prevalence of human hydatidosis in Badajoz (Spain)

IgG antibodies against. E. granulosus were investigated in order to determine the true prevalence of human echinococcosis in Badajoz, Spain. The seroepidemiological survey was carried out on 1540 subjects not suspected of suffering from hydatidosis, in order to add this morbidity rate to that already declared.Because of its high sensitivity and specificity, a standardized immunoenzymatic technique, ELISA was used, and the results subsequently compared using a classical technique for seroepidemiological surveys, namely indirect hernagglutination test (IHA).According to ELISA, 2.2% of the tested subjects were positive. This indicates a higher morbidity in our province than that declared.This test was found to be ideal for seroepidemiological surveys since it is reproducible, easily and rapidly conducted and safe. It requires economical reagents, a large number of samples can be processed simultaneously and it offers a totally objective reading.     

一种新型的华支睾吸虫病快速ELISA诊断试剂盒

一种新型的华支睾吸虫病快速ＥＮＩＳＡ诊断试剂盒．检查华支睾吸虫病人血清４５３份．非流行区健康对照者血清３５６份．敏感性为９２．１％（４７／４５３）．特异性９８．３％（３５０／３５６）。试剂盒配备齐全．微量检测（血清用量２０～１０微升）．开盒即用、操作简便、整个检测过程约需１５ｍｉｎ．肉眼判断结果．重复性和稳定性良好，特别适合基层医疗卫生单位和现场使用。     

应用酶联免疫吸附实验测定流行性出血热早期患者尿内抗原的研究

本文首次报道应用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA),测定流行性出血热(EHF)患者尿中抗原,进行早期诊断,取得满意结果,本法系应用免疫的特异性和酶的高效能催化的敏感性相结合的一种方法,因而特异性强、灵敏度高。研究结果表明,7病日内阳性率较高,为93.89%;2病日内阳性率更高,为100%,故有早期诊断价值,本文用阻断实验证实尿中具有特异性抗原。此外,以正常人和其它疾病患者作对照,结果为阴性,证明本法特异性高。本法标本系用尿液,容易收集,方法简便,结果易判断,易于推广应用。     

肝包虫病的诊治方法研究进展

肝包虫病是流行于世界畜牧业发达地区的常见人畜共患性寄生虫病。文章介绍了肝包虫病的症状体征、诊断依据,以及各种治疗方法,以期对该病的防治提供参考。     

Seroprevalence of Human Hydatidosis Using ELISA Method in Qom Province,Central Iran

Background

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Qom Province, central Iran using ELISA test.

Methods

Overall, 1564 serum samples (800 males and 764 females) were collected from selected subjects by randomized cluster sampling in 2011-2012. Sera were analyzed by ELISA test using AgB. Before sampling, a questionnaire was filled out for each case. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression for risk factors analysis.

Results

Seropositivity was 1.6% (25 cases). Males (2.2%) showed significantly more positivity than females (0.9%) (P= 0.03). There was no significant association between CE seropositivity and age group, occupation, and region. Age group of 30-60 years encompassed the highest rate of positivity. The seropositivity of CE was 2.1% and 1.2% for urban and rural cases respectively. Binary logistic regression showed that males were 2.5 times at higher risk for infection than females.

Conclusion

Although seroprevalence of CE is relatively low in Qom Province, yet due to the importance of the disease, all preventive measures should be taken into consideration.     

Recurrent Hydatid Cyst of Liver with Asymptomatic Concomitant Hydatid Cyst of Lung: An Unusual Presentation-Case Report

A 40-year-old male patient presented to us with complaints of pain in abdomen for the past 2 weeks and fever for 3 days. The patient gave history of being previously operated for hydatid cyst of liver 15 years back. His chest radiograph and computed tomography scan revealed a cystic lesion in the right lobe of liver and a cyst in left lung. The patient was managed surgically. Aspirate from the cyst fluid showed plenty of hooklets and scolices of Echinococcus granulosus. An intact brood capsule was also seen. Diagnosis of hydatidosis was further confirmed by histopathological examination. Post-operative the patient had a good recovery.     

A Case Report of Muscle Hydatidosis from Iran

Hydatid cyst is an important endemic zoonosis in Iran. It may be seen in various organs of body. Musculoskeletal system is rarely involved by hydatid cyst, the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. On clinical basis, it may resemble any soft tissue tumor. A 70-years old housewife living in Ardoghesh, a village in Neyshabur, northeast Iran, was admitted to general surgery clinic because of a painless mass in the back of her left thigh. This case emphasizes that hydatidosis should be included in differential diagnosis of any soft tissue mass especially in regions where hydatidosis is endemic.     

ELISA方法检测血吸虫抗体的研究

目的 :血吸虫病患者血清中 Ig G和 Ig M抗体检测方法的改进。方法 :用纯化的血吸虫虫卵抗原作包被抗原 ,用辣根过氧化物酶标记的抗人 Ig G和抗人 Ig M(μ链 )单克隆抗体作标记抗体 ,采用间接 EL ISA检测血清中 Ig G和 Ig M抗体。结果 :此法检测血吸虫病疫区患者 Ig G的阳性检出率为 84.1% (5 3/ 6 3) ,与 IHA结果 (5 2 / 6 3)基本一致。其灵敏度高达 1∶ 2 5 6 0 0。对 2例急感病人 Ig M检测均为阳性 ,而 90例正常人血清有87份为阴性 ,其灵敏度为 1∶ 16 0 0。两种检测方法的精密性好 ,CV值均在 5 %以下。结论 :此方法特异性强 ,灵敏度高 ,快速、简便 ,适合于广大农村疫区进行血吸虫病流行病普查和临床诊断