用逆转录—套式聚合酶链反应检测我国不同临床型肝？…

目的 为了研究庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）在我国的感染状况。方法 概括已发表的ＨＧＶ的５‘端非编码区（５’－ＵＴＲ区）及螺旋酶区（ＮＳ３区）两段高度保守的基因序列分别设计两套引物，用逆转录－套式聚合酶链式反应检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果 从北京、秦皇岛、河南等地采集各种肝病患者及职业献血员血清３５４份，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性９７份，阳性率为２２．３％。其中已确定的临床型肝炎／肝病患者２５４例，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者为５     

35例庚型肝炎临床及酶学变化观察

目的探讨庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）感染的临床意义。方法应用逆转录－套式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎＰＣＲ）检测１６５例肝炎患者血清ＨＧＶＲＮＡ和血清酶的变化。其中急性肝炎２４例，慢性肝炎７８例，肝硬化１８例，肝癌４例，乙、丙肝携带者４１例。结果在急性黄疸型肝炎中检出单纯性ＨＧＶ感染３例（１２５％），血清ＡＬＴ水平在４８８±６５Ｕ／Ｌ之间，ＡＳＴ在４５２±７１Ｕ／Ｌ之间，ＴＢｉＬ在７７１±１４３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。急性肝炎酶的升高一般在１个月内降到正常，而ＨＧＶＲＮＡ在ＡＬＴ降到正常后仍持续一段时间才转阴，其中１例发病后９个月转阴。慢性肝炎中检出ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性１９例（２４４％），其中单纯性ＨＧＶ阳性４例（５１３％）。肝硬化肝癌中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性４例，其中１例肝硬化为单纯性ＨＧＶ阳性。结论在急性黄疸型肝炎、乙型肝炎病毒携带者、慢性肝炎、肝硬化以及肝癌中均可检出庚型肝炎病毒，为单独感染或与乙、丙型肝炎病毒同时或重叠感染，其传播途径与乙、丙型肝炎的传播途径相同。     

831名健康青年庚型肝炎病毒和人免疫缺陷病毒感染的调查

目的了解我国健康青年中庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）和人免疫缺陷病毒的感染情况。方法采用酶联免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检测６省８３１名健康青年血清中的ＨＧＶ和ＨＩＶ抗体，对抗－ＨＧＶＩｇＧ阳性的血清再用逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果发现抗－ＨＣＶＩｇＧ阳性率为２５３％（２１／８３１），２１例阳性者中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性８例，两者符合率为３８１％；抗－ＨＩＶ均阴性。结论我国健康青年人群中确实存在ＨＧＶ感染。     

用逆转录-套式聚合酶链反应检测我国不同临床型肝炎/肝病患者中庚型肝炎病毒感染

目的为了研究庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）在我国的感染状况。方法根据已发表的ＨＧＶ的５’端非编码区（５’－ＵＴＲ区）及螺旋酶区（ＮＳ３区）两段高度保守的基因序列分别设计两套引物，用逆转录－套式聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ｎｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ）检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果从北京、秦皇岛、河南等地采集各种肝病患者及职业献血员血清３５４份，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性７９份，阳性率为２２．３％。其中已确定的临床型肝炎／肝病患者２５４例，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者为５０例，阳性率为１９．６％。原因不明的或非甲～戊型肝炎患者４３例，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者为１３例，阳性率为３０．２％。丙型肝炎阳性的职业献血员５７例，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者为１６例，阳性率为３０．２％。结论提示ＨＧＶ感染在我国多种人群中普遍存在，它不仅可能是引起非甲～戊型肝炎的重要病原之一，也可能是引起输血后肝炎的病原因子     

中国南京庚型肝炎病毒部分基因的克隆及cDNA序列分析

采用反转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）从南京地区某输血后丙型肝炎患者血清中克隆出庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）非结构区部分基因。序列分析结果表明：该序列与国外发表的庚型肝炎病毒ＨＧＵ４４４０２，ＨＧＵ４５９６６，ＨＧＵ３６３８０（ＧＢＶＣ）对应位置核苷酸序列同源性分别为８９０９％，９２１２％，８７２７％，与已报道的ＨＧＶ河北株序列同源性为９３９４％。对４０份输血后丙型肝炎血清和３０份非甲非乙非丙非丁非戊型肝炎血清进行了检测，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率分别为１０００％和６６７％。     

深圳地区不同人群庚型肝炎病毒感染的分子流行病学调查

在庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）基因５’端非编码区（５’－ＵＴＲ）设计两对套式引物，建立检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ的逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ）。对深圳地区１０６例职业献血员、１６８例肝炎病人及８０例静脉毒瘾者进行ＨＧＶＲＮＡ的检测，阳性率分别为８．５％、７．７％与４６．３％，前两者与后者相比较差异均有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。６１例慢性乙型肝炎与３３例慢性丙型肝炎病人ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率分别为８．２％与２１．２％。３３例慢性丙型肝炎病人中，１５例接触过血液或血制品的病人ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率为４０．０％，明显高于１８例无血液或血制品接触史者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本研究结果提示深圳地区职业献血员中ＨＧＶ携带者较常见；静脉毒瘾者是ＨＧＶ感染的高危人群；慢性丙型肝炎常重叠ＨＧＶ感染，主要与接触血液或血制品有关。故对献血员进行ＨＧＶ筛查将减少输血后ＨＧＶ感染的发生     

庚型肝炎病毒的分子生物学研究进展

庚型肝炎病毒（ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ）为单股正链ＲＮＡ病毒，属黄病毒家族成员。ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ与丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）有许多相似之处，但又有其自身特点。本文对ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ的基因组结构及变异、病毒多蛋白前体的加工、感染途径与致病性及检测方法等进行了综述，     

深圳地区不同人群庚型肝炎病毒感染的分子流行病…

在庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）基因５’端非编码区（５’－ＵＴＲ）设计两对套式引物，建立检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ的逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ）。对深圳地区１０６例职业献血员，１６８例肝炎病人及８０例静脉毒瘾者进行ＨＧＶＲＮＡ的检测，阳性率分别为８．５％，７．７％与４６．３％前两者与后者相比较差异均有显著性意义（Ｐ〈０．０１）。６１例慢性乙型肝炎与３３例慢性丙型肝炎病人ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率分别     

关于庚型肝炎病毒（GBV—C／HGV）致病性的研究进展

病毒性肝炎的病因除已知的甲、乙、丙、丁、戊型肝炎病毒，并除外其它相关病毒，如ＥＢ病毒，瘤疹病毒，尚有１０％～２０％的肝炎病因不明。１９９５年发现了一种新型肝炎病毒－庚型肝炎病毒（ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ），随着对它与肝病致病的相关性研究，ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ成为非甲、乙、丙、丁、戊型肝炎病因的一种可能的解释。ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ为单股正链 ＲＮＡ病毒基因组全长约为１０００个碱基。为了阐明ＨＧＶ的致病作用，ＨＧＶ与肝病的关系，ＨＧＶ在人体内的复制部位，以及ＨＧＶ与其它肝外疾病的关系成为研究的热点。从１９９５…     

恒河猴实验感染庚型肝炎病毒的实验研究

目的研究庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）在恒河猴中的实验感染状态。方法用一名ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性、ＨＢＶ、ＨＣＶ均阴性的健康献血员血浆实验感染２只恒河猴，并取第一代猴感染后６周的血再感染１只第二代恒河猴，然后用以第二代猴感染６周后血继续感染２只第三代恒河猴。分别用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎＰＣＲ）检测受感染猴血清中的ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，并每周抽血测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）。结果感染１周后猴血清ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳转，最长持续阳性２８周以上。不同感染个体血清ＡＬＴ水平有明显差异，其中１号猴有短期轻度升高，５号猴血清ＡＬＴ较长时间在１００Ｕ／Ｌ以上。肝活检发现，感染后１６周猴肝组织出现明显的病毒性肝炎样病理改变。进一步对该献血员血浆和感染后猴血清中的ＨＧＶ５’端部分非编码区基因ＰＣＲ产物进行测序，结果显示感染用献血员血浆和猴血清中ＨＧＶ序列与国外株ＨＧＵ４４４０２的同源性分别为９８３３％和９５８３％；与ＨＧＵ３６３８０株的同源性分别为９２５０％和８９１７％；感染猴血清中ＨＧＶ序列与献血员ＨＧＶ序列同源性为９５８３％。结论恒河猴对ＨＧＶ敏感，可以做为实验模型动物     

GBV-C/hepatitis G virus in acute nonA-E hepatitis and in acute hepatitis of defined aetiology in Italy

The role of GBV-C/HGV in the aetiology of acute non A-E hepatitis and its impact on the course of acute hepatitis of defined aetiology were investigated by detecting viral RNA by RT-PCR and antibody to the E2 protein of GB virus C (anti-E2) by EIA. Ninety-eight patients with acute nonA-E hepatitis, 35 patients with acute hepatitis A, 63 with acute hepatitis B, 29 with acute hepatitis C and 270 controls were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of GBV-C/HGV RNA was similar among patients with acute nonA-E hepatitis (3.1%), with acute hepatitis A (2.9%), and controls (3.7%), but significantly higher (P < 0.05) among those with hepatitis B or C (19.0% and 48.3%, respectively). Similar figures were obtained considering the total rate of GBV-C/HGV exposure (viral RNA or anti-E2 positivity). The majority (24/30 or 80%) of GBV-C/HGV RNA positive patients reported a parenteral source of exposure whereas the remaining 20% denied having known risk factors. The liver function test values and the rate of chronic hepatitis B and C were similar in patients co-infected and in those not co-infected with GBV-C/HGV. This study excludes a significant role of GBV-C/HGV infection in the aetiology of acute nonA-E hepatitis in Italy. Concomitant GBV-C/HGV and HBV or HCV infection does not worsen the clinical course of illness among patients with acute hepatitis.     

GBV-C/HGV infection in chronic hepatitis C patients: Its effect on clinical features and interferon therapy

A novel virus (GBV-C/HGV) may be associated with some liver diseases including fulminant hepatitis and acute and chronic hepatitis. On the other hand, many investigations showed that this infection does not contribute to liver disease. GBV-C/HGV has been found to occur in association with infection with other hepatitis viruses. We investigated the effect of GBV-C/HGV infection on the clinical features and interferon treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A total of 262 hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA positive patients with chronic hepatitis were examined in this study. The detection of serum GBV-C/HGV RNA was done by RT-PCR using specific primers from the NS5 regions. Interferon-alpha was given at a dose of 6 MU/day for 16 or 24 weeks. A responder was defined as a patient with ALT normalization and HCV RNA disappearance after treatment. GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected in 28 (11%) patients. No significant difference was detected in clinical features (age, sex, liver-related biochemical tests, and histological examination) between the 28 GBV-C/HGV-positive patients and the GBV-C/HGV-negative patients. Using interferon therapy for hepatitis C, the responder rates of GBV-C/HGV-positive and -negative patients were 14% and 20%, respectively. Of the 28 patients with GBV-C/HGV RNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA was tested after interferon therapy in 16 and of these GBV-C/HGV RNA was not detected in nine patients after therapy. These findings suggest that GBV-C/HGV infection dose not affect the clinical features in patients with HCV and the efficacy of interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C. J. Med. Virol. 55:98–102, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

肝病患者庚型肝炎病毒感染的研究

目的 研究肝病患者庚型肝炎病毒感染状况。方法 用酶链免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测１５４例门诊和住院肝病患者（均无输血史）的抗－ＨＧＶ,１５４例中有５４例同时采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ,分别计算抗－ＨＧＶ和ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ的阳性率。以ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ阳性为ＨＧＶ感染的判断标准,来分析各类肝病患者ＨＧＶ感染状况。结果 １５４例肝病患者抗－ＨＧＶ阳性者３１例,阳性率２０．１３     

Lack of anti-GOR antibody among subjects with GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA

Homologies were sought between the putative amino acid sequences of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) and the GOR epitope or the liver/kidney microsome-1 (LKM-1) epitope, which share partial sequence identity with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) polyprotein. Anti-GOR antibody (anti-GOR) was assayed among 100 subjects with GBV-C/HGV RNA. Twenty-one and 25 subjects were coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or HCV, respectively. Homologies were found between the NS5 or E2 polyproteins of GBV-C/HGV and the GOR epitope or the LKM-1 epitope, respectively. These segments of GBV-C/HGV polyproteins sharing identity with the GOR or the LKM-1 epitope were well conserved among three genotypes of GBV-C/HGV. However, only 1 of 55 subjects (1.8%) with GBV-C/HGV RNA, but not with HBV or HCV, was positive for anti-GOR. The positivity for anti-GOR among the group with GBV-C/HGV RNA alone was significantly lower than that among the groups with HCV RNA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Only 2 of 55 subjects (3.6%) with GBV-C/HGV RNA alone exhibited elevation of alanine aminotransferase. The incidence of liver dysfunction among the group with GBV-C/HGV RNA alone was significantly lower than the incidence among the groups with GBV-C/HGV RNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or HCV RNA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). These data indicate that 1) there is no association between GBV-C/HGV infection and the presence of anti-GOR, and 2) GBV-C/HGV infection is not related to chronic liver dysfunction. J. Med. Virol. 55:129–133, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

单纯GBV-C/HGV感染人体血清学和病理学追踪研究

目的 从临床和病理学方面探讨庚型肝炎病毒（GBV－C／HGV）的致病性。方法 收集24例单纯血清GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性人体的穿刺活检肝组织及血清标本,其中8例作间隔2年以上的二次肝穿,进行血清和肝组织GBV－C／HGV RNA、血清抗E2抗体及ALT水平、肝组织NS3和NS5抗原检测,并作肝组织光、电镜观察。结果 24例血清GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性者首次肝穿前3d内平均ALT水平为60．17IU／ml(42-87IU/ml),抗E2抗体阳性率4．17％,首次肝组织GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性率为75．00％,NS3和（或SN5抗原阳性率为54．17％。GBV－C／HGV RNA及NS3和NS5抗原主要于肝细胞质内检出,阳性细胞呈散在分布,少数浸润的单个核细胞内有病毒RNA检出。肝细胞呈极轻度急、慢性炎症病变者占79．17％。与2年前比较,2年后24例观测对象血清GBV－C／HGV RNA自然转阴率66．67％（P＜0．001）,血清ALT复常率75．00％（P＜0．001）,E2抗体阳性率为41．67％（P＜0．001）,8例二次穿刺肝组织除2例有灶状肝细胞水样变性外,余均复常。结论 庚型肝炎病毒可引起极轻度自限性肝炎,提示其致肝损伤作用微弱且具有自限性;血清E2抗体是GBV－C／HGV感染恢复性标志,是否存在其他恢复性血清标志物尚待研究。