肝硬化患者血清维生素E,脂质过氧化物测定及其临床意义

用比色法检测２０例肝硬化患者及２０例正常人血清维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）及脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果提示：肝硬化组血清ＶＥ明显低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＬＰＯ明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），且两者呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４９，Ｐ＜０．０５）。随着食道静脉曲张程度加重，ＶＥ下降，ＬＰＯ升高，两者差别均有显著性。提示ＶＥ、ＬＰＯ的测定有助于预测食道静脉曲张破裂出血，补充ＶＥ有助于防止肝硬化进展。     

精神分裂症患者血清LPO含量和血清SOD及GPX活性的变化

目的：探讨脂质过氧化作用及其抗氧化酶在精神分裂症的发生与发展过程中的作用。方法：对６６例精神分裂症患者和３６例正常人均抽取空腹静脉血,分离血清,用荧光法测定其过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＰＸ）活性,用邻苯三酚法测定超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性,对比分析三项指标的变化及其与病期的关系。统计学处理采用ｔ检验及相关分析。结果：精神分裂症患者血清ＬＰＯ含量和ＳＯＤ活性均明显高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＧＰＸ活性明显低于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＬＰＯ与病期呈正相关（ｒ＝０．３４,Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＳＯＤ与病期呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．３５９,Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＧＰＸ与病期无显著相关（ｒ＝－０．１８３,Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：精神分裂症患者体内自由基产生增加,由此导致脂质过氧化作用增强,且随病期延长进一步加重。     

银屑病患者血清脂质过氧化物与超氧化物歧化酶含量测定

采用硫代巴比妥酸法和邻苯三酚自氧化法分别测定１６例寻常型银屑病（ＰＶ）与１０例红皮病型银屑病（ＰＥ）患者血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）与超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）水平。结果发现ＰＶ组血清ＬＰＯ升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＰＥ组血清ＬＰＯ升高更为显著，高于ＰＶ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ低于ＰＶ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。两组ＬＰＯ与ＳＯＤ分别呈负相关（ＰＶ组，ｒ＝－０．４３８，Ｐ＜０．０５，ＰＥ组ｒ＝－０．５７４，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：银屑病存在超氧自由基参与的损伤，ＰＥ组较ＰＶ组表现突出。     

精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸组织氧自由基代谢的变化

实验结果表明，精索静脉曲张组（ＶＣＧ）左、右睾丸氧自由基自旋浓度和ＬＰＯ含量分别显著高于假手术对照组（ＳＯＧ）（Ｐ＜０．０５）、（Ｐ＜０．０１）；睾丸氧自由基自旋浓度和ＬＰＯ含量呈明显正相关；ＶＣＧ双睾ＳＯＤ水平均显著低于ＳＯＧ（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ水平与氧自由基自旋浓度呈显著负相关。结果提示，精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸组织中含有大量的氧自由基和ＬＰＯ，而睾丸氧自由基清除障碍可能是氧自由基自旋浓度及ＬＰＯ含量增高的主要机理之一。     

急性脑出血性疾病与血浆过氧化脂质、超氧化物岐化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶关系的研究

目的：探讨急性脑出血性疾病与血浆过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）、超氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）的关系。方法：用改良硫代巴比妥法、黄嘌呤氧化酶法和谷胱甘肽氧化酶法对４４例急性颅内出血患者血浆ＬＰＯ,ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ含量测定,并以２６例正常对照。结果：急性脑出血患者血浆ＬＰＯ显著高于正常对照（Ｐ＜０．００１）,而ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ显著低于正常人组（Ｐ＜０．００１、Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＬＰＯ与ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．２８,ｒ＝－０．３８）。结论：血浆中ＬＰＯ、ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ含量测定对判断急性脑出血性疾病严重程度、评估预后及辅助治疗有一定参与价值。     

放疗对癌症患者体内抗氧化剂含量的影响

本文对３０例癌症患者放疗前、首次放疗和继续放疗后血清中的脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、β－胡萝卜素（β－Ｃａｒ）、维生素Ｅ（Ｖ＿Ｅ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）进行了测定。结果表明，癌症患者放疗后血中ＬＰＯ含量明显高于放疗前（Ｐ＜０．０１），β－Ｃａｒ和Ｖ＿Ｅ含量减少（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。继续接受放疗后，ＬＰＯ含量随放射剂量增加而增多（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｖ＿Ｅ含量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５），β－Ｃａｒ含量减少，但差异不显著，ＳＯＤ随放射剂量增加而递减（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性由增高转为降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），表明随辐射剂量增加，抗氧化剂含量下降，脂质过氧化作用增强，这为抗氧化剂作为临床抗辐射药物提供了依据。     

肺心病加重期及肺癌患者血浆内皮素和心钠素的初步研究

观察肺心病急性加重期和肺癌患者血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）及心钠素（ＡＮＰ）各３０例。结果表明：肺心病急性加重组（下简称肺心加重组）血浆ＥＴ及ＡＮＰ水平均较正常对照组显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１及Ｐ＜０．０５），且ＥＴ水平与ＡＮＰ及ＰａＣＯ２呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７８，Ｐ＜０．０１；ｒ＝０．６６Ｐ＜０．０１），而与Ｐ３Ｏ；及ｐＮ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．９５Ｐ＜０．０１；ｒ＝－０．５３Ｐ＜０．０５）；肺癌组ＥＴ，ＡＮＰ亦较对照组显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），且ＥＴ与ＡＮＰ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７９Ｐ＜０．０１）。此结果提示在肺动脉高压、肺心病的形成和发展、肺癌的发生发展以及ＡＮＰ分泌调控中，内皮素可能起着重要作用。缺氧和高碳醚血症可能是ＥＴ合成、分泌的刺激因子。     

银屑病患者血清脂质过氧化物与超氧化物歧化酶含量测定

采用硫代巴比妥酸法和邻苯三酚自氧化法分别测定１６例寻常型银屑病（ＰＶ）与１０例红皮病型银屑病（ＰＥ）患者血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）与超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）水平。结果发现ＰＶ组血清ＬＰＯ升高（Ｐ〈０．０５），ＳＯＤ降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＰＥ组血清ＬＰＯ升高更为显著，高于ＰＶ组（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＳＯＤ低子ＰＶ组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。两组ＬＰＯ与ＳＯＤ分别呈负相关（ＰＶ组ｒ＝－０．４３８，Ｐ〈０．０５，ｐ     

银屑病病人红细胞免疫功能与脂质过氧化损伤的变化

①目的探讨银屑病病人红细胞免疫功能与脂质过氧化损伤变化及二者关系。②方法检测５６例银屑病病人红细胞免疫功能、血浆超氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）的变化，对静止期（３１例）和进展期（２５例）进行比较，对测定结果进行相关分析。③结果银屑病病人红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和ＳＯＤ明显降低，红细胞循环免疫花环率（Ｅ－ＩＣＲ）和循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）及ＬＰＯ明显增高，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝３．１６２～４．７１６，Ｐ＜０．０１～０．００１），银屑病进展期变化较静止期更明显（ｔ＝２．９８４～３．４２１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。银屑病Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ与ＳＯＤ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．６２０，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＬＰＯ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５４８，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论银屑病病人红细胞免疫粘附功能低下与脂质过氧化损伤有关     

尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜硒浓度的关系

①目的从硒与红细胞膜收缩蛋白（ＳＰ）的关系探讨尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）变化机理。②方法检测了４８例尿毒症病人和４０例健康人ＥＤ、红细胞膜硒（Ｅ－Ｓｅ）浓度，红细胞膜脂质过氧化物（Ｅ－ＬＰＯ）、膜收缩蛋白二聚体（ＳＰ－Ｄ）和四聚体（ＳＰ－Ｔ）的变化。③结果尿毒症病人红细胞滤过指数（ＥＦＩ），Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ和ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ明显增高，Ｅ－Ｓｅ，ＳＰ－Ｔ明显降低，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝４．８２０～５．１９４，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。尿毒症病人ＥＦＩ与Ｅ－Ｓｅ，ＳＰ－Ｄ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４８２，－０．５１０，Ｐ均＜０．００１），与Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ，ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ呈正相关，（ｒ＝０．５７０，０．５２９，０．６１７，Ｐ均＜０．００１）；Ｅ－Ｓｅ与Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ，ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５２１，－０．５８２，－０．５５６，Ｐ均＜０．００１），与ＳＰ－Ｔ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５１９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论尿毒症病人红细胞膜硒缺乏所致的膜收缩蛋白异常是ＥＤ降低的重要原因之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.