Ethnic differences in femur geometry in the women's health initiative observational study

Abstract  

     

Assessing the utility of ultrasound-guided vascular access placement with longer catheters in critically ill pediatric patients

Background

Critically ill pediatric patients can have difficulty with establishing and maintaining stable vascular access. A long-dwelling peripheral intravenous catheter placement decreases the need for additional vascular interventions.

Aim

The study sought to compare longevity, catheter-associated complications, and the need for additional vascular interventions when using ultrasound-guided longer peripheral intravenous catheters comparing to a traditional approach using standard-sized peripheral intravenous catheters in pediatric critically ill patients with difficult vascular access.

Methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study included children 0–18 years of age with difficult vascular access admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between 01/01/2018–06/01/2021.

Results

One hundred and eighty seven placements were included in the study, with 99 ultrasound-guided long intravenous catheters placed and 88 traditionally placed standard-sized intravenous catheters. In the univariate analysis, patients in the traditional approach were at a higher risk of intravenous failure compared to those in the ultrasound-guided approach (HR = 2.20, 95% CI [1.45–3.34], p = .001), with median intravenous survival times of 108 and 219 h, respectively. Adjusting for age, patients in the traditional approach remained at higher risk of intravenous failure (HR = 1.99, 95% CI: [1.28–3.08], p = .002). Adjusting for hospital length of stay, patients in the ultrasound-guided approach were less likely to have additional peripheral intravenous access placed during hospitalization (OR = 0.39, 95% CI [0.18–0.85] p = .017).

Conclusion

In critically ill pediatric patients with difficult vascular access, ultrasound-guided long peripheral intravenous catheters provide an alternative to traditional approach standard-sized intravenous catheters with improved longevity, lower failure rates, and reduced need for additional vascular interventions.     

Challenges of surgical repair of hypospadias in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Objective  

To document the presentation, outcome and challenges of management of hypospadias in a resource-limited setting.     

Management of complex urogenital fistulae in the female

Objective  

To present our experience in the management of complex genitourinary fistulae in the female.     

Open fractures of the femur in children: analysis of various treatment methods

Purpose  

To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of children who presented with open femur fractures.     

Short-term after-effect of forearm cast removal in children

Purpose  

To investigate the sensation in the hand after forearm cast removal in children.     

Effectiveness of doxazosin in the management of lower ureteral stones in male and female patients

Objectives  

To evaluate the effectiveness of doxazosin on the rate of spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones in female patients.     

The effect of tadalafil on anastomotic healing in ischemic small intestine in rats

Purpose  

To investigate the effect of tadalafil on anastomotic healing in an ischemic small intestine.     

Validation of the Wexner scale in women with fecal incontinence in a Turkish population

Introduction and hypothesis  

The main aim of this study was to validate the Turkish translated version of the Wexner scale.     

Prospective randomized evaluation of prophylactic antibiotic usage in patients undergoing tension free inguinal hernioplasty

Objectives  

Assessment of the usefulness of antibiotic prophylaxis in inguinal hernioplasty.     

Prevalence of bowel symptoms in women with pelvic floor disorders

Introduction and hypothesis  

To determine the prevalence of a variety of bowel symptoms in women with pelvic floor disorders     

Differential detection rate of periodontopathic bacteria in atherosclerosis

Purpose  

Periodontitis has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular lesions. There may be a link between periodontopathic bacterial infection and atherosclerosis.     

Assessing a clinical pathway to improve the quality of care in pulmonary resections

Purpose  

To evaluate the efficacy of the current clinical pathway for pulmonary resections.     

Ultrasound assessment of haemoperitoneum in ectopic pregnancy: derivation of a prediction model

Background  

To derive an ultrasound-based prediction model for the quantification of haemoperitoneum in ectopic pregnancy (EP).     

Awareness during anesthesia: the results of a questionnaire survey in Japan

Purpose  

We planned a survey to evaluate the current incidence and risk factors of intraoperative awareness.     

National audit of post-operative management in spinal surgery

Background  

There is some evidence from a Cochrane review that rehabilitation following spinal surgery may be beneficial.     

The Application of Rapid Prototyping Technique in Chin Augmentation

Background  

This article discusses the application of computer-aided design and rapid prototyping techniques in prosthetic chin augmentation for mild microgenia.     

Open reduction of hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy

Objectives  

Improvement of joint stability, reduction or elimination of pain and joint contracture, prevention of osteoarthritic changes.     

Microperforation of the colon: animal model in rats to reproduce mucosal thermal damage

Background

The aim of the present study was to develop a rat model of colonic microperforation secondary to thermal injury for future studies to assess new treatments.

Methods

Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were used in this study. Hot biopsy forceps were used for all treatments. All lesions were created in proximal left colon using the soft coagulation setting. The power setting tested was 40 W, and the durations of monopolar soft coagulation application evaluated were 2, 3, and 4 s.

Results

In the acute phase, 48 h after thermal injury, durations of cautery of 2 and 3 s resulted in transmural necrosis, whereas with 4 s microperforation was obtained. In the late phase, 7 d after the damage, only duration of cautery of 4 s showed deep cautery effects, with signs of peritonitis.

Conclusions

We determined optimal power settings and duration of therapy in a rat model for producing electrocautery that involves transmural necrosis with microperforation.     

Caroli's Disease: Report of Surgical Options and Long-Term Outcome of Patients Treated in Argentina. Multicenter Study

Background  

Caroli's disease (CD) management is still controversial.