新辅助化疗加保肢手术治疗肢体骨肉瘤

目的评价新辅助化疗加保肢手术治疗肢体骨肉瘤的临床疗效。方法选择1994年6月至2002年6月新辅助化疗加保肢手术治疗肢体骨肉瘤17例。达到广泛切除者11例，仅达边缘切除者6例；15例接受过术前化疗的病例切除标本均做多病理切片的坏死率评估。结果17例中无瘤生存超过5年的共有9例(52．9％)，其中截肢术2例(17．6％)，肢体功能评分结果，优7例、良2例、可3例、差5例，优良率为69．9％。结论新辅助化疗加保肢手术是治疗肢体骨肉瘤患者理想的治疗方法，术前有效化疗是保肢术成功的关键。     

骨肉瘤新辅助化疗,保肢手术疗效分析

报告骨肉瘤新辅助化疗，保肢手术的初步成绩。收治５６例四肢骨肉瘤。其中３５例接受了不同的化疗方案，在此基础上，２２例接受了肿瘤广泛边缘切除，假体置换手术。结果显示：化疗组的３年和５年生存率分别达５４％和４０％，优于非化疗组；新辅助化疗疗效优于辅助化疗；保肢术和根治性手术比较，生存率无明显差别。作者认为：在有效新辅助化疗基础上保肢手术是四肢骨肉瘤较为理想的治疗方法。     

恶性骨肿瘤的保肢治疗

目的 探讨肢体恶性骨肿瘤保肢手术结合辅助化疗的临床疗效。方法 我科于2000年1月至2002年10月间，对平均年龄为18．5岁的29例四肢恶性骨肿瘤患进行保肢治疗，其中25例进行了辅助性化疗。29例中，骨肉瘤21例，尤氏瘤4例，软骨肉瘤4例。按Enneking分期，ⅡA期1例，ⅡB期28例。除软骨肉瘤外，均作术前化疗，3例骨肉瘤未作术后化疗。施行人工关节置换术14例，瘤骨灭活再植10例，异体骨关节移植3例，腓骨肿瘤切除2例。广泛切除15例，边缘性切除14例。结果 发生并发症8例，其中局部复发、皮肤坏死、骨不愈合各2例，皮下积液、切口感染各1例。随访4～31个月，平均14个月，局部复发2例，肺转移2例，按Enneking肢体肌肉骨骼系统肿瘤外科治疗重建术后功能评定标准，优良率为80％。结论 保肢手术结合辅助化疗是治疗肢体恶性骨肿瘤的比较理想的方法，有效的术前化疗是保肢成功的关键，坚持术后化疗是预防肺转移的有效措施。     

新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤的临床研究

目的:探讨新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤临床效果。方法:选取2010年5月-2013年5月47例采用新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗的骨肉瘤患者为观察组,同期仅实施保肢手术治疗的骨肉瘤患者47例作为对照组,观察比较两组患者治疗后临床效果。结果:观察组患者临床疗效明显高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组优良率及总有效率比较,观察组均明显优于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后6个月、1年、3年时间随访两组患者的复发、转移、死亡率,对照组均明显高于观察组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤近远期临床效果显著。     

肢体骨肉瘤的新辅助化疗：异环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、表柔吡星化疗的初步结果

目的评价新辅助化疗的疗效和在骨肉瘤保肢手术方面的作用。方法2001年9月～2005年4月治疗53例肢体骨肉瘤患者。化疗方案：异环磷酰胺2．0g／m^2，第1～5天；甲氨蝶呤8g／m^2，第3天；表柔吡星60mg／m^2，第5天。每3～4周重复1次。评价化疗反应和化疗毒性。术前化疗3次，术后化疗6次。结果2例患者死于化疗毒性反应。完全缓解（CR）23例，部分缓解（PR）15例、稳定（SD）9例、进展（PD）5例。44例患者进行保肢手术，8例进行截肢。3年生存率为77．36％。结论异环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、表柔吡星联合化疗方案有利于保肢手术，改善患者的预后，可以作为一种较理想的化疗方案。     

骨肉瘤保肢手术的几个问题探讨

骨肉瘤是最常见的骨原发恶性肿瘤，20世纪70年代以来，化疗大大提高了骨肉瘤患者的生存率；新辅助化疗的开展，不仅对微转移灶有效，同时使原发灶变小、边界清楚，有利于保肢手术的进行。目前90％的肢体骨肉瘤可以选择保肢手术，同时保肢手术的技术也快速发展。现对保肢手术的几个热点问题做一探讨。     

新辅助动脉灌注化疗在肢体骨肉瘤保肢治疗中的应用

目的:探讨新辅助动脉灌注化疗联合保肢手术在肢体骨肉瘤中的应用价值。方法:对38例肢体骨肉瘤患者采用多柔比星(ADM)50mg/m2、顺铂(DDP)70mg/m2和长春新碱(VCR)1.4mg/m2新辅助动脉灌注化疗联合保肢手术,比较同等剂量单纯静脉新辅助化疗联合保肢手术39例患者的临床疗效和组织学疗效。结果:动脉灌注化疗组临床有效率为79.0%,组织学有效率为92.1%;对照组临床有效率为56.4%,组织学有效率为69.2%。前者优于后者差异有统计学意义,P&lt;0.05。结论:ADM、DDP和VCR新辅助动脉灌注化疗联合保肢手术是肢体骨肉瘤的有效方法,极具临床应用前景。     

四肢骨肉瘤保肢治疗的疗效观察

目的评价采用保肢和截肢术结合化疗对Ⅱ期四肢骨肉瘤患者的临床疗效。方法分析1996年1月～2007年7月山西医科大学第二医院骨科收治确诊的68例肢体骨肉瘤患者的临床资料,其中48例行保肢术治疗,20例行截肢术。术前、术后均进行化疗。63例患者获随访,随访时间6～63个月,平均38．5个月。将随访时间达3年的53例骨肉瘤患者分为保肢组和截肢组,以3年生存率、局部复发率以及术后的功能恢复评价为指标进行比较。结果在53例肢体骨肉瘤患者中,保肢组3年生存率为51．4％,局部复发率为8％,按照国际保肢协会推荐使用的肿瘤术后功能重建评价系统平均为26分。截肢组3年生存率为50％,局部复发率为6％,术后功能评分平均为12分。统计学检验比较保肢术和截肢术术后3年生存率无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论在术前、术后辅助化疗的基础上,保肢组的3年生存率、局部复发率与截肢组相似,并且保肢术后功能恢复满意,故采用保肢术治疗同期肢体骨肉瘤患者疗效优于截肢术。     

新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤的临床观察

目的 探讨新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤的临床疗效.方法 对23例四肢骨肉瘤患者实施保肢手术,并分别于术前、术后进行辅助化疗.患者出院后加强随访,并对恢复情况进行功能评定.结果 随访期内患者无瘤生存率为69.57%(16/23),术后功能评定优9例、良7例,优良率为69.57%(16/23).结论 新辅助化疗结合保肢手术治疗骨肉瘤患者疗效较好,值得临床推广应用.     

膝关节周围恶性骨肿瘤的保肢治疗（附48例随访报告）

目的总结膝关节周围恶性骨肿瘤的保肢治疗经验。方法回顾分析1999年2月～2007年2月48例接受保肢治疗的膝关节周围恶性骨肿瘤患者的临床资料。男30例,女18例。平均年龄27.3岁（11～67岁）。病理证实：高恶性肿瘤32例（A组）,包括骨肉瘤23例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤5例,尤文肉瘤2例,恶性淋巴瘤2例;低度恶性肿瘤16例（B组）,包括侵袭性骨母细胞瘤1例,骨巨细胞瘤15例。手术方式包括：瘤段切除假体置换术或灭活再植术、异体骨移植术、异体骨复合假体移植术、病灶刮除充填术保肢。A组术前、术后给予化疗。保留肢体功能按Enneking肌肉骨骼肿瘤外科治疗重建后功能评估标准评估。结果平均随访3.2年（0.5～8年）。A组中因局部肿瘤复发、感染等并发症截肢11例（34.4%）,死亡13例,存活19例,3年存活率59.3%（19/32）。B组中因局部肿瘤复发和感染截肢2例（12.5%,2/16）,死亡1例。肢体功能优良率A组71%,B组81%。结论膝关节周围恶性骨肿瘤保肢应掌握个体化原则,假体置换术及异体骨复合假体移植术保肢功能最佳,高恶性肿瘤患者若无法承受强力的辅助化疗则不宜行保肢术。     

新辅助化疗联合保肢术治疗四肢骨肉瘤疗效观察

目的 探讨新辅助化疗联合保肢术治疗四肢骨肉瘤的疗效.方法 45例四肢骨肉瘤患者根据治疗方法的不同分为2组,治疗组25例接受新辅助化疗、保肢术及术后化疗;而对照组20例接受截肢术及术后化疗.治疗结束后比较观察2组的疗效、毒副反应及手术并发症.结果 治疗组25例患者中,3例(12.0％)出现复发或转移;对照组20例患者中,12例(60.0％)出现复发或转移,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组患者肢体功能评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组优良率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组1、2a生存率与对照组相似(P均＞0.05),但3a生存率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).2组患者均未发生严重手术并发症.2组主要毒副反应均为血液学毒性和胃肠道反应,2组毒副反应发生率相似,所有毒副反应经对症处理后均可缓解.结论 新辅助化疗联合保肢术治疗四肢骨肉瘤疗效较好.     

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremities: 27 year experience at Rizzoli Institute, Italy

Around 1148 patients with non-metastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity were treated in a single institution between 1972 and 1999 with 4 different protocol of adjuvant and 7 different protocols of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The rate of limb salvage increased from 20% to 71%. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 57% and 66%, respectively. The 10-year EFS and OS were 52% and 57%, respectively, and the results significantly correlated with serum alkaline phosphatase levels; the type of chemotherapy (adjuvant vs neoadjuvant); and with histologic response to pre-operative treatment. Aggressive chemotherapy and surgery could cure about the 60% of patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity. However, since local or systemic relapses, myocardiopathies and a second malignancy are possible even 5 or more years since the beginning of treatment, a long-term follow-up is recommended.     

Local recurrence and local control of non-metastatic osteosarcoma of the extremities: a 27-year experience in a single institution

BACKGROUND: Indications and contraindications for limb salvage versus amputation for local treatment of osteosarcoma of the extremity are still controversial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (1,126) with non-metastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity, treated in a single institution between 1972 and 1999 with different protocols of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated to establish factors that could influence local recurrence (LR) and outcome. RESULTS: The 5-year event-free survival and overall survival were 55% and 66%. At a follow-up ranging between 5.5 and 32.5 years (mean18.6 years) of the 1,126 evaluated patients, 607 (54%) remained continuously disease-free and 519 relapsed. LR developed in 61 patients (5.4%) after a median time of 2.3 years (0.2-17). For this group of patients the 5-year post-relapse event-free survival and overall survival from the last relapse were, respectively, 11.4% and 16.4%. At the multivariate analyses only surgical margins and histologic response to preoperative treatment resulted to be independent prognostic factors for LR. CONCLUSION: Considering the risk of LR after surgery with inadequate surgical margins and poor prognosis of LR in osteosarcoma, limb salvage procedures should be performed only when adequate margins surgical margins can be achieved. In case of inadequate margins, an immediate amputation should be considered.     

下肢远端恶性肿瘤的保肢治疗

目的评估下肢远端恶性肿瘤的治疗效果。方法回顾性研究澳大利亚昆士兰州骨肿瘤中心43例小腿远侧1/3或足踝部恶性肿瘤的患者,评估术后生存率(时间)肿瘤复发率、保肢后肢体功能以及并发症等。结果43例患者平均随访时间50个月,生存率为74.4%(32/43),34例进行了保肢手术,其中有2例复发(占保肢手术的5.9%)。根据骨与软组织肿瘤协会(MusculoskeletalTumorSociety,MSTS)功能评判系统对患者进行量化的患肢功能评估。在27例保肢术的患者中,平均功能评分为82.7%,86.2%(25/29)的患者在保肢术后,其末端肢体保持着正常或者较好的功能。结论在大多数下肢远端恶性肿瘤的患者中,应用广泛切除联合小区域的边缘切除、软组织皮瓣和功能性重建,同时辅助放疗和化疗的综合方案,可以降低保肢术后的复发率,提高疾病的痊愈率,降低并发症以及保留足部的感觉和负重功能。     

Long-term outcome for patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity treated at the istituto ortopedico rizzoli according to the istituto ortopedico rizzoli/osteosarcoma-2 protocol: an updated report.

PURPOSE: To provide an estimate of long-term prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity treated in a single institution with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and observed for at least 10 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity were preoperatively treated with high-dose methotrexate, cisplatin, and doxorubicin (ADM). Postoperatively, good responders (90% or more tumor necrosis) received the same three drugs used before surgery, whereas poor responders (less than 90% tumor necrosis) received ifosfamide and etoposide in addition to those three drugs. RESULTS: For the 164 patients who entered the study between September 1986 and December 1989, surgery was a limb salvage in 136 cases (82%) and a good histologic response was observed in 117 patients (71%). At a follow-up ranging from 10 to 13 years (median, 11.5 years), 101 patients (61%) remained continuously free of disease, 61 relapsed, and two died of ADM-induced cardiotoxicity. There were no differences in prognosis between good and poor responding patients. ADM-induced cardiotoxicity (six patients), male infertility (10 of the 12 assessable patients), and second malignancies (seven patients) were the major complications of chemotherapy. Despite the large number of limb salvages performed, only four local recurrences (2.4%) were registered. CONCLUSION: With an aggressive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it is possible to cure more than 60% of patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity and amputation may be avoided in more than 80% of them. Because local or systemic relapses, myocardiopathies, and second malignancies are possible even 5 years or more after the beginning of treatment, a long-term follow-up is recommended for these patients.     

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osseous Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Extremity: Results in 18 Cases and Comparison with 112 Contemporary Osteosarcoma Patients Treated with the Same Chemotherapy Regimen

Abstract

Eigthteen patients with high grade malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone and 112 patients with high grade osteosarcoma (OS) of the extremity were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy comprised of methotrexate, cisplatinum, doxorubicin and ifosfamide. For the 18 patients with MFH, surgery involved amputation in 2 cases and limb salvage in 16 (89%); the 112 osteosarcoma patients had amputation in 8 cases and limb salvage procedure in 104 cases (93%). The rate of good histologic response to preoperative chemotherapy (90% or more tumor necrosis) was significantly higher in patients with osteosarcoma than in patients with MFH (74% vs 28%; p<0.003). However, at a median follow-up of 38 months (range 25-61), the 3-year event-free survival (EFS) did not differ in the two groups (MFH 77.8%, OS 70.5%; p=ns). In patients with MFH, no local recurrences were registered, whereas in the osteosarcoma group there were 6 local relapses (5.%).

The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma has been assessed during the last 15 years. The results of the present study seem to indicate that, in spite of a usually poor histologic response to preoperative treatment, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is very effective also in MFH of bone.     

新辅助化疗结合新轴心式肿瘤特制型假体置换治疗膝关节周围骨肉瘤

目的 探讨新辅助化疗结合新轴心式肿瘤型假体置换在膝关节周围骨肉瘤保肢治疗中的临床效果.方法 采用新辅助化疗结合新轴心式肿瘤型假体置换保肢治疗膝关节周围骨肉瘤26例,其中男性15例,女性11例,年龄7～56岁,平均25.3岁.肿瘤部位股骨远端18例,胫骨近端8例.根据Enneking分期：I A期4例,I B期4例,II A期6例,II B期12例.采用化疗药物多柔比星、顺铂、甲氨蝶呤和异环磷酰胺进行新辅助化疗.术前化疗2～3个疗程,2-3周后进行保肢手术,术后继续化疗6个疗程.术前、术后每个化疗疗程间隔2-3周.所有病例切除标本均行病理检查并进行坏死率评估,以调整术后化疗方案.胫骨近端肿瘤切除后行腓肠肌内侧头肌瓣移位修复软组织缺损并与髌韧带缝合重建伸膝装置.术后根据Enneking评分标准评定疗效.结果 26例患者均获得随访,随访时间为8-56个月,平均28个月.经过术前化疗后患者疼痛迅速缓解,通过查体、X线片、CT或磁共振检查发现瘤体不同程度缩小、瘤体硬化、边缘清楚及有部分活动度.肿瘤坏死率测定：＞90%共18例,＜90%共6例.3例出现肺部转移,并因肺转移合并呼吸循环衰竭死亡,3例局部复发,行股骨下段截肢,20例无复发或远处转移.3年生存率为88.0%,复发率为11.5%,最终保肢率88.5%.26例患者术后根据Enneking评分标准评定疗效优19例,良4例,差3例,优良率88.5%.结论 新辅助化疗结合新轴心式肿瘤型膝关节假体置换是膝关节周围骨肉瘤保肢治疗的一种有效方法,能减少复发、远处转移及提高临床治疗效果.