快律宁胶囊抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的：研究快律宁胶囊的抗心律失常作用。方法；采用氯仿，乌头碱所致小鼠心律失常模型，观察快律宁抗心律失常作用；通过大鼠离体右心房肌，观察药物对心肌自律性及心肌收缩力的影响；采用戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间及戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠作用试验，观测药物的镇静催眠作用。结果：快律宁胶囊能明显对抗氯仿诱发小鼠室颤率及乌头碱所致小鼠心律失常；降低大鼠离体右心房心肌频率，增加心肌收缩力；延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间，增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用。结论：快律宁具有明显的抗心律失常及镇静作用。     

复方酸枣口服液改善小鼠睡眠作用机制的研究

目的：探讨复方酸枣口服液对小鼠睡眠的影响。方法：采用1．44g／（kg·d）、4．33g／（kg·d）、12．98g／（kg·d）剂量的复方酸枣口服液给小鼠经口灌胃30d,进行直接睡眠实验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验和延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验。结果：与对照组比较,中、高剂量组能显著延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间;高剂量组小鼠睡眠潜伏期显著缩短,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。各剂量组无直接催眠作用,对小鼠体重增长、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠均无显著影响,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）．结论：复方酸枣口服液能显著改善小鼠睡眠作用。     

手参镇静催眠作用的实验研究

目的：探讨手参对小鼠镇静催眠作用。方法：用自发活动仪记录法记录5min内各小鼠自发活动次数,用公式计算给药组小鼠的自发活动抑制率;利用协同戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验法和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠实验,观察藏药手参的催眠作用。结果：手参可抑制小鼠的自发活动,减少小鼠双前肢的抬举次数,能够明显延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠持续时间和增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠的入睡个数。结论：手参具有镇静、催眠作用。     

四逆散催眠作用的实验研究

目的:对四逆散催眠药理作用进行初探.方法:采用协同戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用.结果:四逆散能明显延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠时间,缩短入睡潜伏期,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡率.结论:四逆散有明显的催眠作用.     

生、炒酸枣仁催眠作用的实验研究

目的：探讨生、炒酸枣仁催眠作用的异同;方法：采用阈剂量的戊马比妥钠致小鼠的睡眠实验方法,观察生、炒酸枣仁水煎剂对小鼠睡眠时间的影响;结果：生、炒酸枣仁煎剂均能延长阈剂量的戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠的睡眠时间,但二者催眠作用起效时间不一,生枣仁较炒枣仁起效时间快;结论：生、炒酸枣仁不煎剂均有催眠作用,生枣仁催眠作用比炒枣仁起效快。     

复方酸枣仁胶囊改善睡眠功能实验研究

目的观察复方酸枣仁胶囊对小鼠睡眠的影响作用。方法通过直接睡眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量实验和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验,比较复方酸枣仁胶囊低、中、高3个剂量(55、110、220mg/kg)对小鼠睡眠的影响。结果复方酸枣仁胶囊可显著延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间(P<0.01),显著缩短巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期的作用(P<0.01),但未见该复方酸枣仁胶囊的直接睡眠作用,对戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠作用的影响也比较小(P>0.05)。结论复方酸枣仁胶囊对小鼠具有一定的改善睡眠作用。     

五味子醋镇静催眠抗焦虑作用及其作用机制

目的:观察五味子醋(Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus Vinegar,SV)的镇静催眠抗焦虑作用并初步探讨其作用机制。方法:将50只ICR雄性小鼠随机分为正常组、地西泮组(镇静实验剂量为2 mg·kg-1,催眠及抗焦虑实验剂量为4 mg·kg-1)和SV低、中、高剂量组(灌胃给予相应剂量SV)。各组连续灌胃给药7 d后,采用自主活动记录仪观察SV对小鼠自主活动的影响;通过阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠协同睡眠实验观察SV对小鼠睡眠只数、潜伏期及睡眠时间的影响。采用高架十字迷宫(elevated plus maze,EPM)检测SV的抗焦虑作用;采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测SV对小鼠脑组织中γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyricacid,GABA)及谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)含量的影响;应用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测SV对小鼠脑组织中GABAAα1及GABAAγ2表达的影响。结果:与正常组比较,SV中、高剂量组小鼠自主活动次数明显减少(P0.05,P0.01),协同阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠只数增加;协同阈剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期明显缩短、睡眠时间显著延长(P0.05,P0.01),EPM模型小鼠开臂/在臂滞留时间率(OT)和开臂/在臂进入次数比率(OE%)明显增加(P0.05);SV高剂量组小鼠脑组织中GABA含量显著增加(P0.01),Glu含量显著减少(P0.01);SV中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织中GABAAα1和GABAAγ2蛋白表达明显增加(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:SV具有镇静、催眠及抗焦虑作用,该作用与其调节小鼠脑组织中GABA,Glu含量及GABAAα1,GABAAγ2蛋白表达有关。     

和胃安神汤对小鼠镇静催眠作用的实验研究

目的:通过小鼠的镇静催眠实验,观察和胃安神汤的催眠作用,评价其效果,为该汤方的临床应用提供治疗学依据。方法:通过小鼠自主活动实验和戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量诱导睡眠及睡眠时间,观察和胃安神汤的催眠作用。结果:和胃安神汤能明显减少小鼠的自主活动,使戊巴比妥钠阈下睡眠剂量诱导入睡小鼠数增多,并明显延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间。结论:和胃安神汤具有镇静催眠作用。     

枳椇正丁醇提取物镇静催眠作用的实验研究

目的：考察枳椇正丁醇撮物镇静催眠作用。方法：分别考查400和800mg/kg枳椇正丁醇提取物口服或腹腔注射给药对阈上和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡时间、睡眠时间的影响。考查400和800mg/kg枳椇正丁醇提取物腹腔注射给药对小鼠自主活动的影响。结果：腹腔注射枳椇正丁醇提取物明显延长阈上和阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间，增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠只数并明显减少小鼠自主活动次数。结论：枳椇正丁醇提取物具一定镇静催眠作用。     

三七花苷胶囊改善睡眠功能实验研究

目的研究三七花苷胶囊对小鼠睡眠的改善作用。方法选用健康雌性ICR小鼠每天经口灌胃给予三七花苷胶囊,观察直接睡眠作用,连续给予受试物30 d后,进行延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间试验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠试验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期试验。结果七丹牌三七花苷胶囊直接睡眠实验阳性,延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间、对巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验结果和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验结果均为阳性。结论根据保健食品功能学评价标准,其具有改善睡眠功能。     

复方酸枣安神胶囊催眠作用实验研究

目的研究复方酸枣安神胶囊对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法采用小鼠自主活动记数法研究复方酸枣安神胶囊的镇静作用,通过直接诱导小鼠睡眠,观察阈上、阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠对小鼠睡眠的协同作用。结果复方酸枣安神胶囊能明显降低小鼠的自主活动次数,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的睡眠时间,减少睡眠潜伏期;未见对小鼠有明显直接诱导睡眠作用,但与阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠对小鼠睡眠具有明显的协同作用,使入睡小鼠个数显著增加。结论复方酸枣安神胶囊具有一定的镇静催眠作用。     

赤灵芝孢子粉水溶性提取物(肌生注射液)对小鼠的催眠镇静作用

目的：研究赤灵芝孢子粉水提物（肌生注射液）对小鼠中枢神经系统的作用。方法：以翻正反射消失出现时间作为睡眠时间,观察不同剂量和给药方式下肌生液对小鼠戊巴比妥钠和巴比妥钠睡眠时间及自主活动等的影响。结果：皮下注射肌生液可明显延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠和巴比妥钠睡眠时间,且有剂量效应关系。肌生液亦可诱导注射阈下剂量的戊巴比妥的小鼠入睡。每日注射具有镇静作用剂量的肌生液一次连续8天不产生依赖性,而安定连续给药8天后产生依赖性。肌生液可明显减少小鼠的自主活动。结论：灵芝孢子粉水提物对小鼠中枢神经系统具有镇静催眠的效果。     

Central nervous system activity of yangambin from Ocotea duckei Vattimo (Lauraceae) in mice

This work presents behavioral effects of yangambin isolated from the leaves of Ocotea duckei on open field, rota rod, barbiturate sleeping time, forced swimming and elevated plus maze test in mice. Yangambin was intraperitoneally administered to male mice at single doses of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg. The results showed that yangambin in the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg decreased the locomotor activity and the number of rearing. However, no change was observed in the rota rod test between the yangambin groups as compared to the control group. Reduction on the sleep latency and a prolongation of the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital was observed only with the yangambin dose of 50 mg/kg. In the forced swimming test, yangambin (25 and 50 mg/kg) increased the immobility time. Yangambin, in the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, decreased the number of entries and the time of permanence in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test. However, this effect can not be related to anxiogenic effects, but to a decrease in locomotor activity. The results showed that yangambin presents a depressant activity in the open field, forced swimming and pentobarbital sleeping time tests. These effects probably were not due to peripheral neuromuscular blockade, since there was no alteration on the rota rod test. Also, no anxiolytic effect was observed after the treatment with yangambin.     

Behavioural effects of Visnea mocanera extract: Psychostimulant and anxiogenic properties

Neuropharmacological studies were conducted in mice with different extracts from the leaves and fruits of Visnea mocanera L. f. (Theaceae). The combined data obtained from all biological models suggest that the methanol extract from the leaves and the syrup from the fruits appear to have a psychostimulant action, since these extracts increased locomotor activity (the methanol extract at 250 mg/kg p.o.), reduced pentobarbital-induced sleeping time (the methanol extract and syrup at 250 mg/kg p.o.) and produced hyperthermia (the syrup at 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o.). The aqueous fraction (250 and 500 mg/kg p.o.) and syrup (500 mg/kg p.o.) from fruits showed an anxiogenic-like profile in mice when evaluated acutely in the elevated plus-maze test.     

合欢皮与山合欢皮镇静催眠作用的比较研究

目的：比较合欢皮与山合欢皮的镇静催眠作用。方法：采用开阔法实验及戊巴比妥钠催眠实验观察比较合欢皮与山合欢皮的镇静催眠作用。结果：合欢皮与山合欢皮对小鼠的自发活动均具有明显的抑制作用，与戊巴比妥钠有较好的催眠协同作用，可延长小鼠睡眠时间，提高小鼠的入睡率。结论：合欢皮与山合欢皮均具有较明显的镇静催眠作用。     

Anxiolytic effects of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl on the elevated plus-maze model of anxiety in mice

Interest in alternative medicine and plant-derived medications that affect the "mind" is growing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a hydroalcoholic extract and essential oil of Stachys lavanduifolia Vahl on the elevated plus-maze (EPM) model of anxiety. The Stachys lavandulifolia extract or its essential oil was administered intraperitoneally to male TO mice, at various doses, 30 min before the behavioral evaluation. The extract of Stachys lavandulifolia at the dose of 100 mg/kg increased the percentage of time spent and the percentage of arm entries in the open arms of the EPM and decreased the percentage of time spent and the percentage of arm entries in the closed arms of the EPM. The plant extract at doses lower than 100 mg/kg had no significant effects on any of the parameters measured on the EPM. This dose of the plant extract prolonged the ketamine-induced sleeping time, and decreased the locomotor activity in mice. These results suggested that the extract of Stachys lavandulifolia possessed anxiolytic effect with relatively lower sedative activity than diazepam. The essential oil of Stachys lavandulifolia, however, at doses of up to 100 mg/kg did not have any significant effects on the mice behaviour on the EPM.     

灵芝生料酿制液镇静催眠作用的研究

目的考察灵芝生料酿制液(GLB)镇静催眠药理作用。方法取NIH小鼠连续灌胃0.06,0.12,0.24g/kgGLB15d,测定GLB对实验小鼠自发活动情况,对戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量、阈剂量小鼠睡眠时间和对戊四氮致小鼠惊厥的作用。结果GLB灌胃可减少小鼠自发活动,显著延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠睡眠动物数,GLB与戊巴比妥钠有协同作用。有对抗戊四氮致惊厥发作的作用,且剂量越大,作用越明显。结论GLB有明显的镇静、催眠、抗惊厥等中枢抑制作用。     

Effect of moxa smoke produced during combustion of Aiye(Folium Artemisiae Argyi) on behavioral changes in mice inhaling the smoke

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects that inhalation of the combustion products of the traditional Chinese herb Aiye(Folium Artemisiae Argyi) has on the central nervous system.METHODS: Forty Kunming mice(half male) were randomly assigned(n = 10/group) to a control group(C) or one of three moxa smoke concentration groups(% opacity): low(L1; 0.4%), medium(M1; 2%), and high(H1; 15%). Mice in the latter three groups were exposed to moxa smoke in a dynamic gas exposure cabinet for 20 min per day for7 days. Mice in control group were placed in the same cabinet without any intervention. For the sleep experiments, another 50 mice were divided into five groups of 10 mice each: a saline-injected control group, L1 + pentobarbital sodium(PS)-injected group, M1+PS group, H1(15%)+PS group,and a positive control group(10 mg/kg, chlorpromazine, p.o.). The weight, general activities, locomotor activities, rotarod performance, sleep duration,and sleeping rate induced by a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium were recorded in the mice,and the composition of moxa smoke was analyzed using headspace gas chromatography(GC-HS).RESULTS: A low concentration of smoke significantly decreased the frequency of locomotor activities and the time for which the mice remaining on the rotarod; however, a high smoke concentration significantly prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and sleeping rate.CONCLUSION: The concentration-dependent relaxing effects of moxa smoke on the Central Nervous System(CNS) were confirmed. Moreover, GC-HS analysis showed that the component present in the highest concentration in moxa smoke was eucalyp-tol, an essential oil well recognized for its soothing effects on the CNS. This may therefore be accountable for the sedative effects of moxa smoke.     

New insight in the neuropharmacological activity of Humulus lupulus L

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of Humulus lupulus CO2 extract and its fraction containing alpha-acids on the central nervous system of rats. Both tested substances were able to prolong pentobarbital sleeping time, without affecting the latency to the loss of the righting reflex. This effect was dose-dependent, starting from a minimal dose of 10 mg/kg. Neither the extract nor its alpha-acid fraction affected the locomotor activity in the open field test or exerted an anxiolytic effect in rats submitted to the elevated plus-maze test. Interestingly both compounds reduced the immobility time during the behavioral despair test when administered three times (24, 5 and 1 h) before the test. In conclusion this report shows that Humulus lupulus CO2 extract exerts: (a) a pentobarbital sleep-enhancing property without influencing the motor behavior of rats; (b) an antidepressant activity. The same effects were elicited by the administration of the Humulus lupulus fraction containing alpha-acids, which can be considered as the major responsible for the enhanced pentobarbital effect and for the antidepressant property.     

Chinese medicine formula DSQRL versus glucocorticoids for the treatment of experimental pulmonary fibrosis

This study aimed to investigate effects of cyclopeptide alkaloid fraction of ZSS (CAFZ) on pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors and to determine whether these effects were mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors Cl(-) channel activation, using a Western blot technique and Cl(-) sensitive fluorescence probe. GABA receptors subunits expression and Cl(-) influx were investigated in cultured cerebellar granule cells. CAFZ shortened sleeping onset and prolonged sleeping time induced by pentobarbital (42 mg/kg). It also significantly increased the falling asleep rate and duration of sleeping time at a sub-hypnotic dosage of pentobarbital (28 mg/kg). In addition, CAFZ in combination with GABA A receptors agonist, muscimol, synergistically prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. Both of CAFZ and pentobarbital treatment decreased GABA A receptors alpha-subunit expression, but did not change beta- and gamma-subunit expression. However, we found CAFZ and pentobarbital increased Cl(-) influx, CAFZ showed similar effects with muscimol in potentiating Cl(-) influx inducing effects of low-dose pentobarbital. In conclusion, it is suggested that the enhancement of Cl(-) influx by CAFZ may play an important role in the potentiation of pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors.