短膜壳绦虫(H.nana)染色体组型分析

本文采用成熟节片短期培养,空气干燥法制片,首次分析了短膜壳绦虫的染色体组型。短膜壳绦虫染色体数目为2n=12,染色体组型由2对中部着丝粒染色体,1对亚中部着丝粒染色体,3对端部着丝粒染色体组成。     

华支睾吸虫染色体组型的初步研究

本文以华支睾吸虫的精原细胞和卵原细胞为材料,分析了该虫的染色体组型。结果表明其染色体数目,2n=14,n=7。核型的组成是:大型染色体4个,小型染色体10个,可配成7对。根据染色体的大小、形态和着丝粒的位置可分成两组:第一组第1号染色体为大型亚中部或中部着丝粒染色体,第2号染色体为大型亚中部着丝粒染色体;第二组第3～7号染色体为五对小型亚端部着丝粒染色体。     

贵州道真产虎斑游蛇染色体组型

贵州道真产虎斑游蛇雌性染色体数为2n=38+ZW,分为大染色体和点状染色体两类。大染色体8对,其中第1,2,3,6对为中部着丝粒染色体,第4、7、8对为端部着丝粒染色体,第5对为性染色体,Z染色体为中部着丝粒染色体,W染色体为亚中部着丝粒染色体。比较了贵州道真、太原、辽宁及日本产虎斑游蛇染色体组型的异同。     

孟氏裂头绦虫染色体组型和C分带的研究

本文以成虫的成熟节片,采用秋水仙素—低渗处理—空气干燥法技术.对孟氏裂头绦虫染色体数目、组型和C分带的作了分析研究。结果表明,孟氏裂头绦虫生殖细胞染色体数目为27(n=9、3n=27),可配成9组。组型是由12个中央着丝粒染色体,6个亚中着丝粒染色体,6个端着丝粒染色体和3个亚端着丝粒染色体组成。     

格氏血厉螨染色体组型及其C—带、G—带的研究

本文首次报道了厉螨科格氏血厉螨染色体组型及其C—带、G—带的研究。结果表明格氏血厉螨染色体组型为:n=5,2n=10。为单二倍体性决定系统,雄性体细胞具有5条染色体,雌性体细胞具有10条染色体。常规染色下未见明显的着丝粒。C—带研究显示单倍体组除最大的第一号染色体为亚中部着丝粒外,其余4条均为端部着丝粒染色体.G—带染色单倍体组中期分裂相约有24条深带。尚讨论了单二倍体系统的形成机制、染色体的多态性及分带研究等问题。     

豚鼠染色体的核型分析

本文报道了豚鼠体细胞染色体为2n=64。根据它的相对长度、臂比指数、着丝粒的位置,将64条染色体暂时分为四组,即A、B、C和D组。A组由X和1～7对中部着丝粒染色体组成。B组由8～17对亚端部着丝粒染色体组成。C组19～20对亚中部着丝粒染色体组成。D组由Y和21～31对端部着综粒染色体组成。第8对在所测量的染色体中是最大的。15、16、17对染色体在光镜下没有明显的形态差别,     

曼氏迭宫绦虫染色体组型的初步研究

本文以成熟节片为材料,采用简易的细胞培养,秋水仙素处理,空气干燥法制片,结果表明曼氏迭宫绦虫的染色体数目为27(n=9,3n=27),可配成9组,核型的姐成是:中部着丝粒染色体12个(No5,6、7、8),亚中部着丝粒染色体9个(No1、3、4)和端部着丝粒染色体6个(No2、9)。     

凹甲陆龟染色体组型的研究

目的：研究凹甲陆龟Testudo impressa(Guenther)的染色体组型级减数分型染色体。方法：以离体培养的外周血淋巴细胞、骨髓和精巢为材料，按常规的秋水仙素-低渗-空气干燥制片法制片和组型分析。结果：凹甲陆龟染色体数2n=52，包括A组8对大型中部和亚中部着丝粒染色体，B组7对大型亚端部和端粒部着丝染色体及C组11对微小染色体，精母细胞减数分裂终变期显示具有26个二价体，雌雄细胞之间未见异型染色体。结论：凹甲陆龟在N0.1、4-5、12-14号染色体的着丝粒位置上表现出种的特异性；在N0.14染色体长壁近着丝粒区有一对明显的次缢痕，凹甲陆龟在近缘染色体组型的演化中较四爪陆龟和缅甸陆龟原始。     

褐斑大蠊的减数分裂和染色体组型及C带研究初报

采用压片法、空气干燥法及C分带技术,对褐斑大蠊的减数分裂、染色体组型及C带带型进行了研究。雄虫的核型2n=26+x;雌虫的核型2n=26+xx。染色体均为中部着丝粒,在长度上呈递次变化。减数分裂的情况与一般规律相符。     

土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种的染色体核型

本文首次报道了土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种的染色体数目为2n=14,n=7。其核型分为 A、B、C 三组。A 组,1—2号染色体,1号为亚端着丝粒,2号为亚端着丝粒或亚中着丝粒。B 组,3—5号染色体,为亚端着丝粒或亚中着丝粒。C 组,6—7号染色体均为端着丝粒。A 组第2号染色体为性染色体。     

湖南长沙及湘西泡状带绦虫分离株线粒体cox1基因的克隆及序列分析

目的研究湖南省长沙及湘西泡状带绦虫分离株线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第I亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)的遗传变异情况,并用pcox1序列重构泡状带绦虫与其他带科绦虫的种群遗传关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增泡状带绦虫虫株的pcox1,应用ClustalX1.81程序对序列进行比对,然后用Phylip3.67程序MP法和Mage4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle5.2程序构建最大似然树;同时利用DNAstar5.0中的Megalign程序进行同源性分析,并与GenBankTM中已知泡状带绦虫相应基因序列进行比较分析。结果所获得的pcox1序列长度一致,均为343bp,与GenBankTM公布的带科绦虫序列进行比较分析表明,湖南长沙分离株1和湘西分离株5与已知泡状带绦虫相应基因的相似性分别为99.4%和99.7%,与其它带科绦虫的相似性均小于90.0%;湖南长沙1和湘西分离株5与已知泡状带绦虫相应基因遗传距离分别为0.006和0.003,与其他带科绦虫的遗传距离均大于0.100。种系发育树表明,2个分离株与已知泡状带绦虫位于同一分枝,Bootstrap值在97%以上。结论由于泡状带绦虫...     

曲尼斯特延缓糖尿病肾病肾间质纤维化的作用及机制

目的：研究曲尼斯特延缓糖尿病肾病肾间质纤维化的作用及机制。方法：建立糖尿病肾病（DKD）大鼠模型：SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（n=6）、DKD模型组（n=8）、曲尼斯特低剂量（n=8）和高剂量治疗组（n=8）。采用高糖高脂饲料喂养联合低剂量STZ注射构建大鼠DKD模型。成模后,分别予以曲尼斯特200mg／（kg．d）（曲尼斯特低剂量组）和400mg／（kg．d）（曲尼斯特高剂量组）分2次灌胃。于第8周末处死大鼠,收集大鼠24h尿液测24h尿白蛋白排泄量,收集血测。肾功能及血白蛋白;取部分肾组织置于4％中性甲醛溶液中固定,采用免疫组织化学检测肾组织补体C3a受体（C3aR）,E-钙黏附蛋白（epithelial cadherin,E—Cadherin）,a—SMA,纤维连接蛋白（fibronectin,FN）,I型胶原蛋白（collagen I,ColI）,干细胞生长因子（stem cell factor,SCF）和干细胞因子受体c-kit）的表达以及分布;Western印迹检测肾组织E—cadherin,a-SMA,FN,ColI,SCF和c-kit蛋白的表达;RT-PCR检测肾组织FN,ColI,SCF,c-kit mRNA的表达。结果：曲尼斯特能抑制肥大细胞在DKD大鼠肾组织的浸润;DKD模型组肾小管上皮细胞E-cadherin的表达较正常对照组减少,并可见a-SMA表达,曲尼斯特可一定程度逆转这一过程;与正常对照组比较,DKD模型组肾小管间质区域ColI和FN的表达增加,曲尼斯特能剂量依赖性地抑制col I和FN的表达;DKD大鼠肾组织SCF,c-kit蛋白及mRNA表达增加;肾组织SCF,c-kit蛋白表达与肥大细胞浸润程度及肾小管间质FN,ColI蛋白的表达呈显著正相关。曲尼斯特能抑制SCF,c—kit mRNA及蛋白的表达（P〈0．05）。结论：肥大细胞参与了DKD大鼠肾间质纤维化的发生发展,曲尼斯特可能通过阻断SCF／c—kit信号通路,抑制肥大细胞的募集而逆转DKD大鼠肾小管上皮细胞的EMT,抑制肾间质纤维化。     

云南兰坪地区带绦虫mtCOXⅠ片段测定分析

目的对云南兰坪地区带绦虫种类进行鉴定。方法选取成虫样本,进行基因组抽提,扩增线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ（mtCOXⅠ）部分基因片段,序列测定后,用生物学软件DNAMAN进行同源性分析并构建系统发育树。结果LP1和LP4同源性达99．8％,LP1-4与BZ2—3的同源性均在95％以上,而与BZ1的同源性较远,低于88％。亚洲带绦虫与牛带绦虫较接近,远离猪带绦虫。结论云南兰坪地区带绦虫株与亚洲带绦虫标准株相似,同属于亚洲带绦虫。mtCOXⅠ片段可用于带绦虫分类鉴定。     

CT引导下经胸膜外腔径路纵隔肿瘤穿刺活检的临床应用

目的评价CT引导下经胸膜外径路纵隔肿瘤穿刺活检的临床价值。材料和方法回顾性分析2009—2011年间本院21例纵隔病变,在cT引导下经胸膜外径路的经皮穿刺活检。所有病例行组织学或细胞学检查,并分析其准确性和并发症。结果21例娲例中,前纵隔穿刺14倒,后纵隔穿刺7例,15例注射了生理盐水在壁层胸膜外脂肪间隙内（胸内筋膜和壁层胸膜之间）;18例得到了病理诊断,包括淋巴瘤5例,转移性肿瘤4例,气管鳞癌1例,胸腺瘤2例,结核3例,结节病1例,神经纤维瘤和神经鞘瘤各1例。3例病检为炎性组织。1例出现前纵隔血肿,所有病例均未发生气胸,并发症发生率4．76％（1／21）。结论CT引导下,经胸膜外径路纵隔肿瘤的穿刺活检是一种安全和简便的定性诊断方法。     

缺血后处理对心肌缺血/再灌注大鼠血红素加氧酶-1表达的影响

目的:探讨缺血后处理对心肌缺血/再灌注大鼠血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)表达的影响。方法:56只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组(Sham组)(n=8)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)(n=16)、缺血后处理组(IPo组)(n=16)和血红素加氧酶抑制剂锌原卟啉组(ZnPP组)(n=16)。采用结扎心脏左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注2 h制备心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。IPo组在结扎心脏左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注10 s,缺血10 s,重复3次后,完全恢复心肌血流。再灌注2 h后开胸,每组8只取心尖部缺血心肌,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量和心肌中HO-1蛋白表达。I/R组I、Po组和ZnPP组另取8只大鼠测定心梗面积。结果:与S组比较,I/R组缺血心肌中MDA含量增加,SOD活性降低(P<0.01),I/R组HO-1表达无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与I/R组比较,IPo组缺血心肌中MDA降低,SOD活性升高且心梗面积明显减小(P<0.01),HO-1蛋白表达显著增强(P<0.01)。与IPo组比较,ZnPP组MDA含量升高,SOD活性降低(P<0.01),HO-1表达明显减少(P<0.01)。结论:缺血后处理能减轻大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤,其机制与增强心肌抗氧化能力和增加血红素加氧酶(HO-1)的表达有关。     

Genetic Variation of the 8-kDa Glycoprotein Family from Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps and T. hydatigena

Background Echinococcosis, coenurosis and cysticercosis are debilitating diseases prevailing in China. Immunological diagnosis of metacestodiasis is important in disease control. The 8-kDa glycoproteins from taeniid cestodes have successfully been used for diagnosis of human cysticercosis in immunological assays. The aim of the present study was to investigate genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships of the 8-kDa proteins for evaluating the possibility of utilizing these proteins as diagnostic antigens for other metacestode infections. Methods The genes and complementary DNAs (cDNAs) encoding the 8-kDa proteins from Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps and T. hydatigena were amplified using PCR method. Their amplicons were cloned into the vector pMD18 and the positive clones were sequenced. Sequence data were analyzed with the SeqMan program, and sequence homology searches were done using the BLAST program. Alignments were conducted using the ClustalX program, and the phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Protein Sequences pProgram and the Puzzle Program by the Neighbor-joining method. Results 15, 18 and 22 different genomic DNA sequences were identified as members of the 8-kDa protein gene family from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena, respectively. Eight, four and six different cDNA clones respectively from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena were characterized. Analysis of these sequences revealed 54 unique 8-kDa protein sequences. Phylogenetic trees demonstrate that the taeniid 8-kDa proteins are clustered into eight clades at least: Ts18, Ts14, TsRS1, TsRS2, T8kDa-1, T8kDa-2, T8kDa-3 and T8kDa-4. Conclusion We found that the gene family encoding for the taeniid 8-kDa antigens is comprised of many members with diversity, which will provide molecular evidence for cross-reaction or specific reaction among metacestode infections and may contribute to the development of promising immunological methods for diagnosis of metacetodiasis     

初治青少年及年轻成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的临床特征及预后研究

目的探讨初治青少年及年轻成人(AYAs)急性淋巴细胞白血病(急淋)的临床及MICM分型特征,及其对生存的影响。方法回顾性研究2000年1月—2011年6月收治的100例11～45岁初治AYAs急淋患者的MICM分型、临床特征及疗效,应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 100例AYAs急淋患者中,11～30岁者48例,31～45岁者52例,两组临床及MICM分型特征比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);初诊时外周血白细胞计数(WBC)≥50×109/L者38例,WBC与预后有关(P=0.006);初诊时中枢神经系统白血病(CNSL)及睾丸白血病(TL)共2例,影响长期生存(P=0.000);普通B细胞急淋(common-B-ALL)58例、前B细胞急淋(pre-B-ALL)12例、早前B细胞急淋(pro-B-ALL)5例、成熟B细胞急淋(成熟B-ALL)1例、T细胞急淋(T-ALL)23例、伴髓系抗原表达的急淋(My+-ALL)3例,CD10(+)ALL、CD10(-)ALL、T-ALL、My+-ALL组间长期生存率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.025);细胞遗传学检查显示亚(假)二倍体6例、t(9;22)/bcr-abl 3例、t(4;11)/MLL-AF4 1例、超二倍体8例、t(12;21)/TEL-AML1 1例。亚(假)二倍体、t(9;22)/bcr-abl、t(4;11)/MLL-AF4预后较差(P=0.000);泼尼松预试验反应不良者11例、初治诱导化疗效果未达到完全缓解(CR)者9例,早期治疗反应与预后相关(P<0.05)。结论初诊时外周血WBC及CNSL/TL、泼尼松预试验反应、初治诱导化疗效果、免疫分型及细胞遗传学特征对AYAs急淋预后评估具有重要意义;不同年龄的AYAs急淋具有相同的临床及MICM分型特征,年龄不是AYAs急淋的预后影响因素。     

全麻中七氟醚、异氟醚、异丙酚和普鲁卡因对颈内静脉血氧饱和度及脑氧饱和度变化的影响

麻醉与脑氧供需平衡之间的关系日益受到麻醉医生的重视，麻醉手术期间颈内静脉血氧饱和度（SjO。）和脑氧饱和度（rSO；）测定，可客观的反映脑氧供需平衡’“。本研究旨在前瞻性地观察不同麻醉药对脑氧供需平衡的影响。1·资料和方法择期腹部手术病人40例（ASAI－！），随机分为四组：I组为七氟醚组（n一10）；！组为异氟醚组（n—10）；皿组为异丙酚组（n—10）；IV组为普鲁卡因组（n二10）。四组年龄分别为40ill岁、42i8岁、43i9岁和39土10岁。经颈内静脉向头端插管抽血进行血气分析，同步记录Sic。、HR、MAP、呼气末二氧化碳（P…     

Cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in normocholesterolemic rabbits

Background Recent studies have revealed that pretreatment with statin is effective in preventing arrhythmia, but its electrophysiological mechanism is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling in left ventricular myocytes of rabbit heart undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, so as to explore the ionic mechanism responsible for the anti-arrhythmic effect of statin. Methods Forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： ischemic-reperfusion group （I-R）, simvastatin intervention group （Statin） and sham-operated control group （CON）. Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30-minute ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 60-minute reperfusion after a 3-day administration of oral simvastatin of 5 mg-kg^-1.d^-1 in the Statin group or a placebo in the I-R group. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated enzymatically from the epicardial zone of the infracted region dedved from the hearts in the I-R and Statin group and the same anatomical region in the CON animals. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record membrane ionic currents, including sodium current （IRa）, L-type calcium current （Ica-L） and transient outward potassium current （Ito）. Simultaneously, the level of serum cholesterol was examined. Results There was no significant difference in the serum cholesterol concentration among the three groups. The peak IRa current density （at -30 mV） was significantly decreased in I-R （（22.46±5.32） pA/pF, n=12） compared with CON （（42.78±5.48） pA/pF, n=16, P〈0.01） and Statin （（40.66±5.89） pA/pF, n=15, P〈0.01）, while the peak IRa current density in the Statin group was not different from CON （P〉0.05）. The peak ICa-L current density （at 0 mV） was significantly increased in I-R （（4.34±0.92） pA/pF, n=15） compared with CON （（3.13±1.22） pA/pF, n=13, P〈0.05） and Statin （（3.46±0.85） pNpF, n=16, P〈0     

Genetic variation of the 8-kDa glycoprotein family from Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps and Taenia hydatigena

Background  Echinococcosis, coenurosis and cysticercosis are debilitating diseases which prevail in China. Immunological diagnosis of metacestodosis is important in disease control. The 8-kDa glycoproteins from taeniid cestodes have successfully been used for diagnosis of human cysticercosis in immunological assays. The aim of the present study was to investigate genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships of the 8-kDa proteins for evaluating the possibility of utilizing these proteins as diagnostic antigens for other metacestode infections.

Methods  The genes and complementary DNAs (cDNAs) encoding the 8-kDa proteins from Echinococcus (E.) granulosus, Taenia (T.) multiceps and T. hydatigena were amplified using PCR method. Their amplicons were cloned into the vector pMD18 and the positive clones were sequenced. Sequence data were analyzed with the SeqMan program, and sequence homology searches were performed using the BLAST program. Alignments were conducted using the ClustalX program, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with the Protein Sequences Program and the Puzzle Program using the Neighbor-joining method.

Results  Fifteen, 18 and 22 different genomic DNA sequences were identified as members of the 8-kDa protein gene family from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena, respectively. Eight, four and six different cDNA clones respectively from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena were characterized. Analysis of these sequences revealed 54 unique 8-kDa protein sequences. Phylogenetic trees demonstrated that the taeniid 8-kDa proteins are clustered into eight clades at least: Ts18, Ts14, TsRS1, TsRS2, T8kDa-1, T8kDa-2, T8kDa-3 and T8kDa-4.

Conclusion  We found that the gene family encoding for the taeniid 8-kDa antigens is comprised of many members with high diversity, which will provide molecular evidence for cross-reaction or specific reaction among metacestode infections and may contribute to the development of promising immunological methods for diagnosis of metacestodosis.