Survival of Beijerinckia sp. microencapsulated in carbohydrates by spray-drying

The encapsulation of Beijerinckia sp. cell suspension in different wall materials using the spray drying technique was performed. Mat dextrin, dehydrated glucose syrups, gum acacia and modified starch materials were tested. Cell viability assays were carried out before and after drying and during storage of the products. The surface area and characteristics of the encapsulated powders were examined using BET adsorption of N(2) and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The residual moisture content and water activity of the powders were also determined. The best results were obtained with the dehydrated glucose syrup, which resulted in products with the greatest per cent survival during the drying process and subsequent storage period. The products obtained with the dehydrated glucose syrup showed more uniform microcapsule surfaces at lower A(w) values and residual moisture content.     

Beauveria brongniartii subjected to spray-drying in a composite carrier matrix system

The negative aspects of chemical pesticides are of growing concern to the public. Thus, there is a strong effort to exploit environmentally friendly possibilities for pest management. One strategy is the application of biocontrol agents such as the fungus Beauveria brongniartii. In this context, the central objective of the research presently described is to investigate spray drying as a preservation method for fungal conidia to obtain a practical formulation for spray application. An aqueous binary mixture composed of skim milk (SM) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K90) was examined as encapsulation matrix. The influence of different inlet/outlet temperature adjustments, the composition of the carrier system and the conidia concentration were examined with respect to their influence on spore viability. Results indicate that air outlet temperatures up to 53 ± 2°C resulted in a slight reduction of conidial viability (≈3%). Microencapsulated conidia have been subjected to storage tests with and without the addition of silica gel capsules at various temperatures. Results show that survival is inversely related to storage temperatures and residual moisture levels of the spray dried powders. The highest survival rates were observed at moisture contents of 3% and a temperature of 10°C. Moreover, production characteristics like entrapment efficacy, shape and size were investigated. Furthermore, the composition of the carrier matrix was optimised to result in production yields of 25%. Results show that spray drying is a useful, economic encapsulation technology for aerial conidia of Beauveria brongniartii resulting in highly concentrated, spray dried powders of 92% viability.     

喷雾干燥工艺对双黄莲微囊吸湿量与分散性的影响

目的 研究工艺因素对双黄连微囊吸湿量与分散性的影响.方法 单因素考察,不同进风温度、供液速度和雾化气流速制备双黄连微囊,检测吸湿后的吸湿量与分散性.结果 喷雾干燥各工艺参数对双黄连微囊吸湿量影响较小,而对分散性影响较大.结论 在防潮技术研究中,不仅要检测样品的吸湿量,也需要考察样品吸湿后的分散性.     

Physical characteristics and aerosol performance of naringin dry powders for pulmonary delivery prepared by spray-drying

The aim of the present work was to develop dry powders containing naringin for a direct administration to the lung to combat oxidative stress. Naringin microparticles were prepared by spray-drying the neat flavonoid (2-5% w/v) from different water/ethanol co-solvents. The spray-dried powders were characterised for morphology, density, particle size distribution, residual humidity, crystallinity, solubility, thermal behaviour and respirable fraction.The fine fraction of the powders was measured by single-stage glass impinger and Andersen cascade impactor, using the Turbospin^® device for the deposition tests, wherein the dose to be aerosolised was premetered in a gelatine capsule.By increasing the ethanol content, the feed liquid turned from a suspension into a solution: the spray of flavonoid suspensions led to powders with high crystallinity degree, low water solubility and high bulk density, while the spray of drug solutions led to more amorphous particles, with higher solubility, lower density and improved aerodynamic behaviour.The optimisation of the operative parameters produced enhanced aerosol performance of the flavonoid powders containing only the active compound.     

Soy extract and maltodextrin as microencapsulating agents for Lactobacillus acidophilus: a model approach

Abstract

The present study aimed to optimise the microencapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05 by spray drying, using soy extract and maltodextrin as encapsulants. Air inlet temperature, maltodextrin/soy extract ratio and feed flow rate were investigated through Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD). Probiotic viability increased with increasing the proportion of soy extract. Temperature and feed flow rate had a negative effect. Particle diameter ranged from 4.97 to 8.82?μm, water activity from 0.25 to 0.52 and moisture from 2.30 to 7.01?g.100g^?1 Particles produced following the optimised conditions (air temperature of 87?°C, maltodextrin/soy extract ratio of 2:3 w.w^?1, feed flow rate of 0.54?L.h^?1) reached Encapsulation yield (EY) of 83%. Thermogravimetry and FTIR analysis suggested that microcapsules could protect L. acidophilus cells against dehydration and heating. During storage, microencapsulated probiotic had high cell viability (reductions ranged between 0.12 and 1.72 log cycles). Soy extract/maltodextrin presented well-encapsulating properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05.     

Sustained-release of buspirone HCl by co spray-drying with aqueous polymeric dispersions

Sustained-release of buspirone HCl (BUH) was attempted by spray drying after dissolving in two commercially available aqueous polymeric dispersions (Eudragit RS 30 D or Kollicoat SR 30 D) at five different drug:polymer ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:6 and 1:9). The produced spray-dried agglomerates were evaluated in terms of their particle size and morphology, production yield, encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro release of BUH. Possible drug-polymer interactions were checked by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for the qualitative characterization of particle size and morphology. Encapsulation efficiency was generally high (around 100%) and independent of the polymeric dispersion type, while production yield was generally low (7.2-31.0%) and significantly lower for the case of Kollicoat SR 30 D (KSR) than for Eudragit RS 30 D (ERS). Scanning electron micrographs showed remarkable changes in size and shape of agglomerates due to the type of aqueous polymeric dispersion and drug:polymer ratio. In-vitro release of BUH from compacted co spray-dried agglomerates was remarkably slower and incomplete for the case of Kollicoat at drug:polymer ratio below 1, presumably due to increased plastic deformation of the developed coating instead of fragmentation in the case of Eudragit coating during compaction.     

Effect of oil loading on microspheres produced by spray drying

Oil-loaded microspheres were produced by spray drying emulsions consisting of fish oil and modified starch suspensions with different oil loadings. The emulsion stability was assessed by oil droplet size analysis. Microspheres were characterized in terms of size, morphology, yield and microencapsulation efficiency. It was found that an increase in oil loading resulted in emulsions containing larger oil droplets. This corresponded with larger mean microsphere diameters and rounder microspheres. However, high oil loadings produced lower yields and affected microencapsulation efficiencies.     

喷雾干燥法制备对乙酰氨基酚缓释微球

目的 利用喷雾干燥法制备对乙酰氨基酚缓释微球,并考察其释放度.方法 以对乙酰氨基酚为模型药、乙基纤维素为载体材料、95 %乙醇为溶剂进行喷雾干燥而制备.结果 所制微球外观为圆整球形,粒度分布均匀,其体外释放度1 h时不少于15 %,2 h不超过40 %,12 h在90 %以上;在pH6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液中可缓慢并稳定地释放.经大鼠体内药物动力学研究表明,微球具有明显的缓释效果.结论 所制微球具有很好的缓释作用,操作方便,工艺稳定,有利于工业化生产.     

喷雾干燥法制备罗红霉素掩味肠溶缓释微球

目的 采用喷雾干燥法制备罗红霉素肠溶掩味微球,得到最佳掩味工艺.并对微球性质进行考察.方法 以包封率为评价指标,对喷雾干燥工艺参数进行正交优化设计,并考察Eudragit L100用量、微球芯材比对微球性能的影响,同时对掩味效果进行考察.结果 最优工艺条件为进风温度145℃;进料速度10mL/min;喷雾压力0.3MPa;药物与Eudragit L100材料的质量比1:4;制得的微球外形良好,包封率可达96.38%;药物掩味效果良好;药物在人工肠液中缓慢释放,药物1h释放量不超过30%,24h不低于99%.结论 所得制备工艺可行,实验条件制得的微球球形圆整,包封率较高,掩味效果良好,有很好的缓释特征.     

正交试验法优选胃乐舒颗粒喷雾干燥工艺

目的：研究胃乐舒颗粒最佳喷雾干燥工艺,为其质量稳定提供保证.方法：以延胡索乙素含量、干粉收率、含水率为考察指标,采用正交试验方法主要考察进风温度、浸膏比重、供液速度三个因素对干燥效果影响.结果：优选的最佳干燥工艺条件为进风温度145℃、浸膏比重1.10、供液速度25 ml·rmin-.结论：优选的最佳工艺条件合理、重复性好、稳定可靠,可做为胃乐舒颗粒的干燥条件,为其制剂的干燥工艺改进提供依据.     

喷雾干燥法制备莪术油微囊

目的 研究喷雾干燥法制备莪术油微囊的最佳处方及工艺。方法 以阿拉伯胶和麦芽糊精为囊材,喷雾干燥法制备莪术油微囊,以包封率为考察指标,探讨囊材配比、助乳化剂用量、固形物含量、微囊心材比等对微囊化的影响,并对喷雾干燥工艺进行正交试验考察。结果 阿拉伯胶和麦芽糊精的最佳配比为4：1,司盘-80 1 mL,固形物含量为40 %,微囊心材比为4 mL：10 g;喷雾干燥工艺条件为：进风温度160 ℃,进料速度2.5 mL&;#8226;min-1,吸气功率100%,制得的微囊囊形较好,平均粒径为5.2 μm,包封率可达到94.2 %,且微囊稳定性好。结论 根据该实验条件制得的微囊囊形圆整、表面致密,包封率较高,稳定性好。     

喷雾干燥技术在固体分散体制备中的应用

难溶性药物由于溶解性和溶出度较低,限制了其在体内的吸收分布,进而影响药物发挥药效,是药学研究的热点之一。固体分散体可以提高难溶性药物溶解度,采用喷雾干燥技术制备固体分散体,由于其良好的干燥效率和工艺重现性,近年来备受关注。本文对喷雾干燥的工艺步骤、设备类型及制备固体分散体常用聚合物等作一综述,并分析讨论了影响固体分散体关键质量属性的因素,探讨了喷雾干燥技术应用生产的困难和挑战。     

喷雾干燥法改善中药浸膏吸湿性的研究

目的:利用喷雾干燥法改善中药浸膏的吸湿性和流动性,最大限度地改善喷雾干燥的黏壁现象,为中药工业现代化提供合理的相对湿度环境及生产条件。方法:以正交试验法筛选最佳辅料配方以及最佳工艺条件,并考察浸膏干粉的吸湿性和流动性因素。结果:向溶液中加入3%微粉硅胶、7%β-环糊精,可以极大地降低浸膏粉的吸湿性。最佳工艺为浸膏比重1.10g.mL-1、进风温度170℃、雾化压力0.5Mpa、进料速度400mL.h-1;最佳处方的临界相对湿度为64%。结论:本研究结果可以改善传统干燥中药方法时间长、浸膏易吸湿等问题。     

复方强身颗粒的喷雾干燥工艺研究

目的对复方强身颗粒的喷雾干燥工艺进行优化。方法采用正交设计法,以复方中淫羊藿苷的转称率作指标,确定了工艺参数:浸膏相对密度、进风温度、浸膏进料速度和加入β-环糊精(-βCD)的比例。结果最佳工艺经过验证,其工艺参数:浸膏相对密度为1.15g.mL-1,浸膏进料速度为12mL.m i-n 1,浸膏中加入4%的-βCD,进风温度为180℃。结论该工艺合理,产品稳定性好,为工业化生产提供了实验依据。     

十味宝胶囊的生产工艺优化

目的：优化十味宝胶囊的提取及喷雾干燥工艺。方法：采用正交试验以黄芪甲苷、挥发油含量为指标优化提取工艺,以喷雾干燥粉成品的含水量为指标优化其喷雾干燥工艺。结果：最佳提取条件为：12,10倍水提取2次,第1次提取4h,第2次提取2h;最佳喷雾干燥工艺条件为：进风温度为150℃,排风温度为70℃,浸膏相对密度为1．05g·ml^-1。结论：本试验确定的生产工艺合理可行。     

Spray freeze drying for dry powder inhalation of nanoparticles

Formulating nanoparticles for delivery to the deep lung is complex and many techniques fail in terms of nanoparticle stability. Spray freeze drying (SFD) is suggested here for the production of inhalable nanocomposite microcarriers (NCM). Different nanostructures were prepared and characterized including polymeric and lipid nanoparticles. Nanoparticle suspensions were co-sprayed with a suitable cryoprotectant into a cooled, stainless steel spray tower, followed by freeze drying to form a dry powder while equivalent compositions were spray dried (SD) as controls. SFD-NCM possess larger specific surface areas (67–77 m²/g) and lower densities (0.02 g/cm³) than their corresponding SD-NCM. With the exception of NCM of lipid based nanocarriers, SFD produced NCM with a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 3.0 ± 0.5 μm and fine particle fraction (FPF ⩽ 5.2 μm) of 45 ± 1.6% with aerodynamic performances similar to SD-NCM. However, SFD was superior to SD in terms of maintaining the particle size of all the investigated polymeric and lipid nanocarriers following reconstitution (S_f/S_i ratio for SFD ≈ 1 versus >1.5 for SD). The SFD into cooled air proved to be an efficient technique to prepare NCM for pulmonary delivery while maintaining the stability of the nanoparticles.     

口服喷雾干燥乳剂处方筛选

目的优化喷雾干燥乳剂处方。方法联用羟丙甲纤维素（HPMC）和蔗糖作固体载体,椰子油作油相,采用喷雾干燥工艺制备O/W型干乳剂。结果根据乳化性能及喷雾可操作性筛选出适于采用喷雾干燥法制备干乳剂的处方。即固体载体HPMC适宜黏度为3mPa.s,浓度为8%。结论HPMC的黏度和浓度对液体O/W乳剂的稳定性及经喷雾干燥制成干乳剂有一定影响,含高黏度HPMC的液体O/W乳剂不容易雾化,易堵塞雾化器的喷嘴。低黏度HPMC是一种有用的固体载体,并起到一定的乳化作用。     

螺旋霉素超细粉的喷干法和反溶剂法制备及性质研究

摘要：目的 螺旋霉素原料药粉的粒径大、团聚现象严重,因此极大的限制了其临床应用;有研究报道超细粉制备技术可 以很好地解决这些问题; 方法 采用了两种代表性的方法制备螺旋霉素的超细粉：分别为喷雾干燥法和反溶剂法;并以粒径为 指标,采用单因素实验优化得到最佳结果,对上述两种方法制备的粉体分别进行粒径、形貌特征和物化性质对比。结果 两种 方法的最佳条件为：喷雾干燥法的进料速度为5 mL/min,雾化空气速度为800 L/h,进口温度为150℃,出口温度为85℃,平均 粒径为(1638±10.99) nm。反溶剂法在25℃条件进行实验,溶剂与反溶剂的比例为1:5,最佳搅拌速度为1000 r/min,获得的平均 粒径为(230±7.31)nm,以上结果经过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),动态光散射(DLS),傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),差示扫描量热仪 (DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行表征;经气相色谱检测,两种方法中的溶剂残留均符合ICH最低标准(5000 ppm);结论 与喷雾干 燥法相比,反溶剂法制备的螺旋霉素粒径更小、粉体分散性更佳,其溶解度更高。因此反溶剂法制备的螺旋酶素微粉更适用于 制药业,为微粉技术提供技术思路。     

螺旋霉素超细粉的喷干法和反溶剂法制备及性质研究

目的 螺旋霉素原料药粉的粒径大、团聚现象严重,因此极大的限制了其临床应用;有研究报道超细粉制备技术可以很好地解决这些问题;方法 采用了两种代表性的方法制备螺旋霉素的超细粉：分别为喷雾干燥法和反溶剂法;并以粒径为指标,采用单因素实验优化得到最佳结果,对上述两种方法制备的粉体分别进行粒径、形貌特征和物化性质对比。结果 两种方法的最佳条件为：喷雾干燥法的进料速度为5 mL/min,雾化空气速度为800 L/h,进口温度为150℃,出口温度为85℃,平均粒径为(1638±10.99) nm。反溶剂法在25℃条件进行实验,溶剂与反溶剂的比例为1:5,最佳搅拌速度为1000 r/min,获得的平均粒径为(230±7.31)nm,以上结果经过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),动态光散射(DLS),傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行表征;经气相色谱检测,两种方法中的溶剂残留均符合ICH最低标准(5000 ppm);结论 与喷雾干燥法相比,反溶剂法制备的螺旋霉素粒径更小、粉体分散性更佳,其溶解度更高。因此反溶剂法制备的螺旋酶素微粉更适用于制药业,为微粉技术提供技术...