Glandular odontogenic cyst

This case report describes the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features of the glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC). Although a relatively rare lesion not previously reported in the endodontic literature, the GOC is recommended for inclusion in a differential diagnosis of a dentoalveolar radiolucency. The GOC is a destructive lesion that can be easily misdiagnosed microscopically as a central mucoepidermoid carcinoma.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: a challenge in diagnosis and treatment

The present review analyzes the accumulated data from all cases of glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) reported in the English language literature. In the 20 years since it was first described, 111 cases have been reported, an incidence of 0.2% of odontogenic cysts. The age range is 14-75, mean 45.7, with a M/F ratio of 1.3:1. GOC has a predilection for the mandible (70%), affecting both anterior and posterior areas. It is typically radiolucent, well defined, either unilocular (53.8%) or multilocular (46.2%). Frequent perforation (61%) and of thinning of cortical plates (24.4%) indicate aggressiveness. Sufficient follow-up indicates that 30% of cases can recur. Treatment by enucleation or curettage carries the highest risk for recurrence, especially in large and multilocular lesions. Peripheral osteoectomy or marginal resection can eliminate the risk. Defined criteria for microscopic diagnosis are described, which in addition to Ki67 and p53 can help in differentiating GOC from lesions with histological similarities (cysts with mucous metaplasia, botryoid and surgical ciliated cysts, low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma). Definite diagnosis may not be possible in small incisional biopsies due to the focal presentation of characteristic features required for diagnosis. There is now evidence to support an odontogenic rather than a sialogenic origin.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst (sialo-odontogenic cyst): A case report

A case of a rare cyst of the jaw bones is reported. This lesion appears to be a new entity and has been named glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) or sialo-odontogenic cyst. The clinical and histological features and the differential diagnosis are discussed.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: case report and review of the literature.

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare developmental cyst of the jaws. It is included in the World Health Organization (WHO) histologic typing of odontogenic tumors under the terms glandular odontogenic cyst or sialo-odontogenic cyst. The most common site of occurrence is the anterior mandible, and it occurs mostly in middle-aged people. A predilection for men is observed. Clinical findings are not specific, and an asymptomatic swelling is frequently observed. A unilocular or multilocular, well-defined radiolucency is usually seen. The microscopic features of GOC, particularly the morphology of the epithelium, strongly suggest an origin from the remains of dental lamina. GOC has an unpredictable and potentially aggressive nature, which may indicate a high tendency of recurrence. The treatment of choice is still controversial, varying from a curettage to local block excision. A long-term follow-up should be carried out. The aim of this article is to report a case of glandular odontogenic cyst that recurred four times and to emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up. The origin, epidemiology, clinical and radiographic aspects, and treatment of the GOC are also discussed.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: absence of PTCH gene mutation

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare jawbone cyst of odontogenic origin. Human patched (PTCH) is a tumour suppressor gene that has been recently associated with signalling pathways during odontogenesis. Recently alterations of this gene were found on sporadic odontogenic keratocysts. This evidence, together with the biological behaviour similarities of both lesions, and the absence of reports on molecular analysis of GOC, led us to hypothesize that PTCH gene mutations may underlie the tumorigenesis of GOC. Therefore the aim of this study was to report one additional case of GOC and investigate the PTCH gene of the cyst. No mutations were found in the splicing and coding regions of the PTCH gene. In conclusion, the PTCH gene does not seem to be involved in GOC pathogenesis.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: clinicopathologic analysis of three cases

The glandular odontogenic cyst is a rare cyst of odontogenic origin, first described in 1988 by Gardner et al. Three previously unreported glandular odontogenic cysts are presented; none recurred after the initial surgical treatment, and one example was associated with a squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation in the wall. Ten similar cases were found in the literature, and their clinical and roentgenographic features, and follow-up, have been compared with the present cases.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: a report of four cases

A glandular odontogenic cyst is a developmental cyst that is a clinically rare and histopathologically unusual type of odontogenic cyst. In this article, we describe four cases of glandular odontogenic cyst. Glandular odontogenic cyst was defined as a well-defined unilocular lesion on panoramic radiographs and multidetector computed tomography. Furthermore, the connection of the cyst to the periodontal tissue was one of the common features of the four cases. The results of the present study indicate the clinical and imaging features of glandular odontogenic cyst.     

腺牙源性囊肿9例报告

目的 :探讨腺牙源性囊肿 (Glandularodontogeniccyst ,GOC)的组织学来源、生物学特性及治疗方法。方法 :将 9例GOC的术后标本进行组织切片 ,光镜观察 ,并对其临床资料进行分析。结果 :9例GOC中就诊平均年龄 3 2岁 ;发生部位以上颌多见 ;组织学上 ,衬里上皮为厚薄不等的复层鳞状上皮 ,上皮内有腺样或隐窝样结构 ,有的有上皮斑或上皮球。结论 :GOC是一种具有自身特征的牙源性囊肿     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: A case report and literature review

In 1992, the World Health Organization (WHO) named glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) as an independent pathologic entity and classified it as a developmental odontogenic epithelial cyst.^1,2 The WHO defined this lesion as “a cyst arising in the tooth-bearing areas of the jaws and characterized by an epithelial lining with cuboidal or columnar cells both at the surface and lining crypts or cyst-like spaces within the thickness of the epithelium.”¹GOCs occur over a wide age range in both sexes and in either jaw, and have the propensity to recur and to become large. Radiographically, the GOC appears as an intrabony, unilocular or multilocular, sometimes honeycomblike, well-defined radiolucent lesion. Histologically, the lining epithelium may be partly squamous, without distinctive features.¹ However, in many areas, the stratified epithelium has a surface layer of eosinophilic cuboidal or columnar cells, often forming irregular papillary projections.¹ A variable number of ciliated and mucus-producing cells may also be interspersed in the surface layer.¹ Within the thickness of the epithelium there may be crypts and glandular or cystlike spaces lined by cells similar to those seen in the epithelial surface.¹ Pools of mucous material within the intraepithelial spaces and within the main cyst cavity are a prominent feature. Plaquelike and whirlpoollike epithelial thickenings also may be present.¹ The fibrous capsule is usually free of inflammatory cells.¹ Multicystic or botryoid varieties also occur.¹ Because this lesion has been characterized only recently, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature,^3–8 its biologic nature is uncertain.^1,2 However, the aggressive behavior and the recurrent tendencies of this lesion have been suggested,^1,2 even in the limited number of reported cases.^3–8We report a case of GOC that exhibited histologic features suggesting the aggressive and somewhat neoplastic nature of this lesion. Furthermore, the clinicopathologic features of 17 cases reported in the literature^3–8 are reviewed, and the differential diagnosis of this rare lesion, especially from central low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), as well as its treatment, are also discussed.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: analysis of cytokeratin expression and clinicopathological features

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare odontogenic cyst which is still controversial in regard to classification, terminology, and origin. The first Japanese case of GOC is reported. Immunohistochemical examination for expression of cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen by monoclonal antibodies suggested that the lining epithelium was of odontogenic origin with metaplastic mucus-laden cells. We have reviewed the literature and compared the clinicopathological findings of the reported case of GOC with those of botryoid odontogenic cysts (BOC). The anatomical location, age range, and sex of GOC cases were very similar to those of BOC. GOC appears to be a multilocular and mucoe-pidermoid variant of non-keratinizing odontogenic cysts, which also includes BOC. GOC should be separated from the other types of odontogenic cyst and central mucoepidermoid tumours of salivary gland origin.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: case report and review of diagnostic criteria

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon jaw bone cyst of odontogenic origin with unpredictable and potentially aggressive behaviour. It also has the propensity to grow to a large size and tendency towards recurrence. GOC can be easily misdiagnosed microscopically as a central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This paper reports a case of GOC in a 56-year-old male and reviews the main criteria for accurate diagnosis. The diagnosis of GOC can be extremely difficult due to the rarity of the cyst and lack of clear diagnostic criteria.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst with hyaline bodies: an unusual dentigerous presentation

We present an unusual case of glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) enclosing the crown of an impacted canine that developed in the anterior mandible in a 54–year-old woman. Microscopically, it contained numerous glandular structures and hyaline bodies in the epithelial lining. The present rare case is sufficiently distinctive to be considered a dentigerous variant of GOC.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: Report of a case with cytokeratin expression

The glandular odontogenic cyst is a rare lesion that was recognized as a distinct entity in the latest WHO typing of odontogenic tumors. We report a glandular odontogenic cyst that recurred after surgical removal from the anterior mandible of a 54-year-old white man. Immunohistochemical study showed that the cystic epithelium reacted positively to antibodies directed against cytokeratins (CKs) 7, 13, 14, and 19 and negatively to CKs 8 and 18.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst: Two high-risk cases treated with conservative approaches

BackgroundThe glandular odontogenic cyst is a rare jawbone cyst that is considered to be an independent entity, although its histopathological characteristics may lead to an incorrect diagnosis as a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The treatment of glandular odontogenic cysts is controversial.Case reportWe present two high-risk cases treated with conservative approaches, one by enucleation and curettage and the other by marsupialisation. This report also presents a review of the clinical and pathological aspects of glandular odontogenic cysts, and considers their development. No evidence of disease was observed after 3 years of follow-up in the two cases presented.ConclusionsWhen possible, treatment plans for these lesions should be customised for each case, taking into account the data available in the literature and patient preferences. For high-risk cases, that are treated with conservative approaches, such as the two cases presented here, strict and regular controls and rigorous radiological follow-up evaluations are mandatory.     

Glandular odontogenic cyst. Report of two cases and review of the literature

In 1992, the World Heath Organization recognized a new type of cyst called glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC). Clinically, GOC usually presents as a painless, slow-growing swelling. The radiographic appearance is that of a large, multiloculated, well-defined radiolucency. GOC tends to affect the anterior mandible. The dental profession must be aware of the clinical significance of this lesion. The aggressive nature of the lesion has been reported and at least 25% to 55% recur following curettage. If not treated on time, extensive surgery and alteration of function may result. Two new cases are reported.