胃肠道间质瘤切除术后复发危险因素的初步研究

目的 初步研究胃肠道间质瘤切除术后复发的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析铜陵市人民医院胃肠外科2005年12月-2010年12月行手术治疗的61例胃肠道间质瘤患者的临床、病理及随访资料,采用Logistic逐步回归模型计算患者术后复发的危险因素.结果 共61例患者纳入研究,行胃大部切除或全胃切除术40例,小肠部分切除术7例,结肠部分切除3例,Dixon术2例,肿瘤摘除术9例.15例患者术后给予甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗.术后4例患者失访,57例随访时间均超过1年,术后复发率为12.3％.Logistic逐步回归模型证实肿瘤恶性风险程度是最终危险因素(P=0.021).结论 胃肠道间质瘤恶性风险程度是评估术后复发的重要指标.恶性风险程度评分较高的患者,术后给予甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗可能改善患者的短期预后.     

Two hundred gastrointestinal stromal tumors: recurrence patterns and prognostic factors for survival

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcome of 200 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who were treated at a single institution and followed up prospectively. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: A GIST is a visceral sarcoma that arises from the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment because adjuvant therapy is unproven. METHODS: Two hundred patients with malignant GIST were admitted and treated at Memorial Hospital during the past 16 years. Patient, tumor, and treatment variables were analyzed to identify patterns of tumor recurrence and factors that predict survival. RESULTS: Of the 200 patients, 46% had primary disease without metastasis, 47% had metastasis, and 7% had isolated local recurrence. In patients with primary disease who underwent complete resection of gross disease (n = 80), the 5-year actuarial survival rate was 54%, and survival was predicted by tumor size but not microscopic margins of resection. Recurrence of disease after resection was predominantly intraabdominal and involved the original tumor site, peritoneum, and liver. CONCLUSIONS: GISTs are uncommon sarcomas. Tumor size predicts disease-specific survival in patients with primary disease who undergo complete gross resection. Tumor recurrence tends to be intraabdominal. Investigational protocols are indicated to reduce the rate of recurrence after resection and to improve the outcome for patients with GIST.     

Development of an innovative nomogram of risk factors to predict postoperative recurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

BACKGROUNDThere are many staging systems for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and the risk indicators selected are also different; thus, it is not possible to quantify the risk of recurrence among individual patients.AIMTo develop and internally validate a model to identify the risk factors for GIST recurrence after surgery.METHODSThe least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was performed to identify the optimum clinical features for the GIST recurrence risk model. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop a prediction model that incorporated the possible factors selected by the LASSO regression model. The index of concordance (C-index), calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the predictive model. Internal validation of the clinical predictive capability was also evaluated by bootstrapping validation.RESULTSThe nomogram included tumor site, lesion size, mitotic rate/50 high power fields, Ki-67 index, intracranial necrosis, and age as predictors. The model presented perfect discrimination with a reliable C-index of 0.836 (95%CI: 0.712-0.960), and a high C-index value of 0.714 was also confirmed by interval validation. The area under the curve value of this prediction nomogram was 0.704, and the ROC result indicated good predictive value. Decision curve analysis showed that the predicting recurrence nomogram was clinically feasible when the recurrence rate exceeded 5% after surgery.CONCLUSIONThis recurrence nomogram combines tumor site, lesion size, mitotic rate, Ki-67 index, intracranial necrosis, and age and can easily predict patient prognosis.     

胃肠道间质瘤预后因素的临床分析

目的探讨影响胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的预后因素。方法回顾性分析2000-2003年间41例GIST患者的免疫组织化学表达情况及肿瘤的大小、生长部位、核分裂数及手术的切除程度与该病预后的关系。结果GIST患者的病理切片中CD117、CD34和波形蛋白(vimentin)的表达比较高,分别为92.7%、82.9%和78.0%。生长在小肠的GIST比生长在胃和结直肠者预后差(P<0.05);肿瘤直径大于5cm患者的预后较小于或等于5cm的差(3年生存率为54%比72%,P<0.05);核分裂大于5/50HPF者预后较小于或等于5/50HPF者差(P<0.05);行不完全性切除手术者比行完全性切除者预后差(P<0.05)。结论完全性手术切除肿瘤能明显提高GIST患者的预后。生长在小肠的肿瘤、肿瘤直径大于5cm和核分裂大于5/50HPF是影响肿瘤预后的因素。     

Analysis of risk factors and prognostic factors for gastrointestinal stromal tumors with gastrointestinal hemorrhage: Based on propensity score matching method

BackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between risk factors and prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor associated with gastrointestinal bleeding.MethodsAccording to whether there was gastrointestinal bleeding, 246 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors were divided into 2 groups. The clinicopathological baseline characteristics of the 2 groups of patients were balanced by propensity score matching, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve and analyze the overall survival of the 2 groups of patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate the accuracy of Modified National Institutes of Health criteria and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology criteria in predicting the prognosis and postoperative recurrence of patients. Logistic regression analysis of risk factors affecting gastrointestinal stromal tumor with gastrointestinal bleeding before matching. Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors after matching were performed using Cox regression models.ResultsBefore matching, the accuracy of Modified National Institutes of Health criteria in predicting postoperative survival status and recurrence was higher than that of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology criteria. Modified National Institutes of Health criteria and relapse were the risk factors for gastrointestinal stromal tumor with gastrointestinal bleeding independent risk factors (P < .05). After 1:1 matching, the general clinical data of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding group and nongastrointestinal bleeding group were balanced (P > .05). The results of matched survival analysis indicated that tumor location and gastrointestinal bleeding were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (P < .05). The results of subgroup analysis according to anatomical site showed that there was no significant difference between the gastrointestinal bleeding group and the nongastrointestinal bleeding group (P > .05). Survival analysis showed that patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors with gastrointestinal bleeding had a worse prognosis, and the results were also applicable in different tumor anatomical locations and different Modified National Institutes of Health criteria.ConclusionModified National Institutes of Health criteria and relapse are independent risk factors for gastrointestinal stromal tumors with gastrointestinal bleeding; gastrointestinal bleeding is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors with gastrointestinal bleeding have a worse prognosis.     

胃肠道间质瘤的CT表现与病变危险度分级分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的CT表现与病变危险度分级的相关性分析。方法回顾性分析经病理和免疫组化确诊为原发性胃肠道间质瘤的患者60例,对病灶的CT表现和病变危险度分析进行对照分析。结果所有病例中,属低度危险的患者有30例,中度危险者18例,高度危险者有12例。低、中、高度危险性的胃肠道间质瘤在肿瘤生长方式、最大径、边界、平扫密度及瘤内血管影、与胃肠道相通方面有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而与肿瘤的生长部位、强化程度等无关,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论胃肠道间质瘤CT表现在肿瘤围殴限度评级中起着至关重要的作用,一般来说,若肿瘤边界不清、体积较大、CT平扫密度不均匀、瘤内或者瘤周血管丰富、且与胃肠道相通者,属高度恶性肿瘤。     

胃肠道间质瘤70例预后因素分析

目的：探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的临床病理特征和预后。方法：对青岛大学医学院附属医院普外科2003年3月-2008年5月收治的70例胃肠道间质瘤患者的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果：单因素及多因素分析显示,肿瘤大小、生长部位、核分裂数和手术方式及术后是否使用甲磺酸依马替尼（Gleevec）辅助治疗均对术后复发有影响。结论：肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、核分裂相数目、手术方式及甲磺酸依马替尼（Gleevec）辅助治疗是影响胃肠道间质瘤根治术患者预后的重要指标。     

腹腔镜手术治疗胃和小肠胃肠间质瘤疗效分析

目的探讨原发局限性胃和小肠胃肠间质瘤（GIST）腹腔镜手术切除的可行性和短期效果。方法回顾性分析2010年10月至2013年4月间在中山大学附属第一医院接受腹腔镜手术治疗的20例胃GIST和6例小肠GIST患者的临床病理资料。结果26例患者中行手辅助腹腔镜胃GIST切除3例,其余23例均行腹腔镜辅助切除手术,无一例中转开腹。根据肿瘤部位和生长方式,行胃局部切除术18例,远端胃部分切除2例,小肠部分切除6例。肿瘤直径（4．5±1．6）cm,手术时间（96．0±28．2）min,术中出血量（49．6±38．6）ml。术后胃肠功能恢复时间（2．3±0．7）d,术后住院时间（6．8±1．9）d。术后吻合口出血1例,保守治疗治愈。术后病理按照改良NIH标准显示,极低度恶性危险（极低危）1例（3．8％）,低危13例（50．0％）,中危9例（34．6％）,高危3例（11．5％）。术后随访3～32（中位数15）月,未发现复发或死亡病例。结论原发局限性胃或小肠GIsT腹腔镜切除创伤小、恢复快,短期效果满意。     

Risk factors for malignant evolution of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most frequent non-epithelial digestive tumors, being classified in the group of primitive mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. These tumors have a non predictable evolution and where stratified regarding the risk for malignant behavior in 4 categories: very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk and high risk. We performed a retrospective non randomised study including the patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated in the Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation of Fundeni Clinical Institute in the period January 2002 - June 2007, to define the epidemiological, clinico-paraclinical, histological and especially evolutive features of the gastrointestinal stromal tumors from this group, with a special regard to the risk factors for their malignant behavior. The most important risk factors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the tumor size and the mitotic index, based on them being realised the classification of Fletcher in the 4 risk categories mentioned above. In our group all the local advanced or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors, regardless of their location, were classified in the group of high risk for the malignant behavior. The gastric location and the epithelioid type were positive prognostic factors, and the complete resection of the tumor, an other important positive prognostic feature, was possible in about 80% of the cases, probably because the gastrointestinal stromal tumors in our study were diagnosed in less advanced evolutive situations, only about one third being metastatic and about 14% being locally advanced at the time of diagnose. The association with other neoplasias was in our cases insignificant, only 5% of the patients presenting concomitant malignant digestive tumors and 7.6% intraabdominal benign tumors. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors remain a challenge for the medical staff, regarding their diagnose and therapeutical management, the stratification of the risk for their malignant behavior being essential for the evolution of these patients.     

胃间质瘤内镜下黏膜剥离术后出血的危险因素分析

目的:探讨胃间质瘤内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)后出血的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析武汉大学人民医院2011年2月—2017年5月124例胃间质瘤行ESD治疗患者的临床资料,采用单因素及多因素非条件Logistic回归分析胃间质瘤ESD术后出血的危险因素。结果:纳入的124例患者中,10例(8.06%)发生术后出血。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,肝硬化、冠心病、陈旧性脑梗塞、房颤病史与胃间质瘤ESD术后出血明显有关(均OR1,P0.05)。进一步多因素Logistic回归分析表明,与肝硬化、冠心病、陈旧性脑梗塞、房颤病史是胃间质瘤ESD术后的独立危险因素(均OR1,P0.05)。结论:肝硬化、冠心病、陈旧性脑梗塞、房颤病史为胃间质瘤ESD术后出血的危险因素,对于这些危险因素的患者应优化术前评估,加强术前准备与术后管理,以降低术后出血率。     

胃肠道间质瘤的临床病理特征与预后的相关性分析

目的 探讨影响胃肠道间质瘤患者的预后因素.方法 回顾性分析1996年1月至2011年12月在广西医科大学第一附属医院收治的144例胃肠道间质瘤患者的临床资料.采用Kaplan-Meier方法、COX比例风险回归模型和log-rank检验分析影响胃肠道间质瘤患者预后的因素.结果 本组病例5年总生存率为59.6％.单因素分析显示,患者的预后与肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小、有无远处转移、手术方式、肿瘤细胞类型、周围脏器组织有无侵犯、肌层有无受侵、肿瘤细胞密集程度、核分裂象数目、Ki-67、P53、有无接受酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗等因素有关(均P＜0.05);多因素分析显示,肿瘤大小、有无远处转移、手术方式、周围脏器组织有无侵犯、肿瘤细胞密集程度、核分裂象数目、P53、有无接受酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗是影响患者预后的重要因素.结论 早期诊断和以手术为主、辅以酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗的综合治疗能够提高胃肠道间质瘤患者的生存率.     

Evaluation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors for recurrence rates and patterns of long-term follow-up

Retrospective chart review of 33 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) over the past 14 years was performed. Clinicopathologic variables were analyzed for patterns affecting tumor recurrence and need for long-term follow-up. No recurrence was found in the benign group and tumors <5 cm. In the malignant group, recurrence rate was 53 per cent with a mean follow-up of 34 months. Mean time to diagnosis of recurrence was 16 months. Eighty per cent of recurrences occurred within 2 years of surgical resection. Sixty per cent of recurrences were asymptomatic. Systematic follow-up consisted of physical examination and CT scans at 6-month intervals for 2 years after surgery. Time to diagnosis of a recurrence after surgery was 13 months for systematic follow-up and 18 months for sporadic follow-up. Mean survival was 24 months in both groups. Most recurrences occur within 2 years of surgical resection. Symptomatology does not provide early diagnosis. Patients who had systematic follow-up were diagnosed sooner with recurrence. Therefore, we recommend systematic follow-up after surgical resection of a malignant GIST to include physical examination and CT scan at 6-month intervals for up to 2 years after surgery with repeat CT scan at 3 years.     

胃肠道间质瘤的临床病理学分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤临床病理学特点。方法回顾性分析四川省人民医院1998年1月至2005年12月间98例胃肠道间质瘤的临床病理资料。结果本组胃肠道间质瘤中胃60例，小肠15例，结直肠12例，食管2例，网膜和肠系膜9例，肿瘤最大直径为2．8—15．0cm。免疫组织化学检查：CD117阳性率为100％，CD34阳性率为88％，S-100阳性率为29％，α-SMA阳性率为45％。2年生存率为87％。结论CD117、CD34等免疫标志物是胃肠道间质瘤诊断最有价值的指标。外科手术和术后应用甲磺酸伊马替尼化学治疗是有效的胃肠道间质瘤综合治疗方法。     

胃肠道间质瘤术后复发转移诊治分析

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤术后复发转移的特点和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析10年来收治的胃肠道间质瘤术后复发12例患者的临床资料.结果 全组首次切除术后复发时间为3个月至9年,首次复发平均时间为术后30.2个月;腹膜、原病变局部和肝脏是主要的复发部位.10例再手术患者中7例完整切除肿块,2例姑息性手术,1例行活检术.首次复发后再手术切除率70.0%(7/10).1例术前、3例术后联合甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗.全部患者获得随访,随访时间6个月至7年,复发后1,3,5年生存率分别为75%,41.7%,25%.结论 胃肠道间质瘤术后易复发,手术切除仍然是其主要的治疗手段,再次术后仍需辅以伊马替尼治疗.     

胃肠道及胃肠道外间质瘤216例临床病理学特点分析

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor,GIST）和胃肠道外间质瘤（extragastrointestinal stromal tumor,EGIST）的临床病理和免疫组化特点及其诊断标准。方法 回顾性分析天津医科大学总医院及第二医院2000-2009年已确诊的216例GIST和EGIST病人的临床资料,其中,天津医科大学总医院175例,天津医科大学第二医院41例。 结果 216例病人中,男性112例,女性104例,男女比例为1.077 : 1;发病年龄15~91岁,中位年龄58岁;肿瘤原发于胃肠道者182例,以胃多见;胃肠道外者34例,以肠系膜多见。肿瘤直径0.8～30.0cm,由梭形细胞和上皮样细胞组成,细胞排列呈交叉束状、漩涡状及巢状。214例CD117呈阳性。临床多表现为消化道出血、腹部疼痛、腹部肿块及肠梗阻等症状。 结论 GIST较EGIST多见;胃肠道以中、高度危险者多见,胃肠道外以高度危险者多见。临床治疗原则首选广泛手术切除。     

影响胃肠道间质瘤患者预后的因素分析

目的探讨影响胃肠道间质瘤预后的临床病理因素。方法 收集临床病理资料,单因素及多因素分析各变量与患者预后的关系。结果患者1、3、5 a生存率分别是89.7%、79.3%和70.7%。单因素分析和多因素分析均显示肿瘤大小、核分裂像数目、肿瘤原发部位是影响预后的重要因素（P〈0.05）。结论肿瘤直径〉10 cm、核分裂数〉10个/50 HPF常提示胃肠道间质瘤恶性度较高,预后不良。     

原发性胃肠道间质瘤73例的外科治疗

目的 探讨原发性胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的外科治疗方法及预后.方法 回顾性分析1997年4月至2007年12月手术切除治疗的73例原发性GIST的临床病理资料和治疗方法,并对其预后进行评价.结果 73例GIST施行肿瘤完全切除者68例(其中12例在腹腔镜下完成肿瘤切除术),行肿瘤不完全切除仅取活检者5例,两组生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).66例获随访的患者1、3、5年总体生存率分别为91.0%、78.2%、74.1%,根据肿瘤直径和核分裂象计数分级的肿瘤恶性程度风险分级与术后生存率密切相关(P=0.002),极低度及低度风险组与高度风险组间生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 应高度重视原发性GIST的初次手术治疗,积极行肿瘤完全切除以提高疗效,对肿瘤恶性程度风险较高者需扩大切除范围,应强调腹腔镜下GIST切除术适应证的选择和肿瘤完全切除.     

胃肠间质瘤影响预后的多因素分析

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的临床特点及影响预后的相关因素。方法 2002年2月至2008年10月新疆医科大学第一、第四附属医院对75例GIST病人的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果 胃肠道间质瘤好发于中年,以胃多发,其预后在年龄、性别、族别、术前不适期、术前症状和术前贫血等方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;而在肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径、手术方式、术中浸润转移、分期、分级、复发转移方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素分析显示：肿瘤直径、术中浸润转移是影响病人预后的独立影响因素。结论 肿瘤直径、术中浸润转移是影响GIST病人预后的重要因素。肿瘤的部位、手术方式、分期、分级、复发转移也是评价预后的指标。手术完整切除依然是有效的治疗方法。