心房颤动导管消融术后早期复发的标志物

目的:探讨心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术后早期复发与炎症反应和细胞外基质生物标志物的关系. 方法:选择经导管消融治疗的房颤患者43例,测定术前血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)及其抑制因子基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(TIMP-2).比较房颤导管消融术后早期复发与未复发患者间的血清标志物水平. 结果:与未复发组相比,复发组术前血清IL-6水平显著升高,为(7.8±1.4) ng/L对(4.5±0.9) ng/L; hs-CRP水平显著升高,为(18.9±3.2)μg/L对(14.9±4.1)μg/L;MMP-2水平显著升高,为(935.9±92.3) μg/L对(766.2±169.2)μg/L;两组TIMP-2的差异无统计学意义,为(5354.2±1164.8) pg/L对(4966.9±979.1)pg/L,P＞0.05. 结论:房颤患者导管消融术前血清IL-6、hs-CRP及MMP-2水平与消融术后早期复发可能有关.     

心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝治疗研究进展

<正>心房颤动住院患者的脑卒中发生率达24.8%,其中超过80岁的老年患者脑卒中发生率高达32.86%〔1〕。随着心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术的临床推广,接受这种治疗的患者也越来越多。房颤消融术后的抗凝治疗有重要的实践意义〔2〕。1目前抗凝治疗方法及现状抗凝治疗是房颤消融术后的重要部分,目前临床上依然根据患者的血栓栓塞危险分层来选择抗栓药物,最常用的危险分层工具是〔(CHADS2)评分(心力衰竭、高血压、年龄75岁和     

心房颤动导管消融术后心率的变化

目的评价心房颤动（房颤）导管消融术后心率变化的时间效应。方法入选导管消融术后随访无房性心动过速或房颤复发的症状性房颤患者52例，平均年龄64．65±10．18岁（38～76岁）。于术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月随访24小时动态心电图，观察平均心率的变化。结果52例均完成导管消融术，术前平均心室率为68．92±7．53次／min，术后1周、1个月和3个月的平均心室率分别为75．58±6．48次／min、71．13±6．45次／min和68．90±7．28次／min。43例随访6个月时的心室率为70．47±5．95次／min。22例随访12个月时的心室率为69．95±5．35次／min。除术后1周平均心率与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）外，余均无明显变化。结论房颤消融可引起心率增加，以术后1周最为明显。症状明显者可增服控制心率的药物。     

阵发性心房颤动导管消融术后早期复发的电生理机制和再消融

目的 评价阵发性心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术后早期复发的电生理机制及早期再消融的可行性、疗效.方法 入选环肺静脉电隔离术后1个月内复发的阵发性房颤患者14例,其中男8例,女6例,平均年龄61.8±8.4岁,房颤复发距首次消融时间4.9±3.7 d.若肺静脉传导恢复,则补点消融再次隔离.肺静脉隔离后诱发房颤,标测并消融非肺静脉异位灶.术后随访心电图和24 h动态心电图.结果 14例患者首次消融后24.7±5.5 d再次消融.仅1例肺静脉传导无恢复,其余13例(92.9%)中均有至少一侧肺静脉传导恢复,补点消融后均再次隔离.3例(21.4%)为上腔静脉起源房颤,行上腔静脉隔离房颤终止.1例(7.1%)为界嵴上部起源,行局灶消融成功.3例诱发出典型心房扑动(房扑),1例诱发出左心房房扑,消融均成功.术后平均随访5.8±1.4个月,13例患者无房性快速性心律失常复发(不用抗心律失常药物),1例有阵发性房速发作(服用维拉帕米).结论 肺静脉传导恢复是阵发性房颤消融术后早期复发的主要因素,其次是非肺静脉(上腔静脉、界嵴)的异位灶,早期再消融可行有效.     

心房颤动导管消融术后复发的危险因素分析

心房颤动是最常见的心律失常之一。导管消融已经成为心房颤动的有效治疗手段,具有较高的手术成功率,特别是阵发性心房颤动,术后成功率更高。然而,导管消融术后复发仍不少见,特别是慢性心房颤动。影响心房颤动经导管消融术后复发的危险因素是多方面的,包括体重、年龄、心房颤动持续时间、炎症、心房纤维化、左房疤痕、左房大小等,识别这些危险因素对指导个体化治疗及提高导管消融的成功率有一定的意义。因此,现对这些危险因素与心房颤动导管消融术后复发的关系做一综述。     

心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝策略

导管消融术已成为治疗心房颤动的一种有效手段,术后不少于3个月的抗凝能够有效降低栓塞风险。然而,3个月后是否需长期抗凝治疗尚未明确。目前,多个观察性研究表明低卒中风险患者消融成功术后3个月后可停服抗凝药物。     

导管消融术对合并左室射血分数降低的心房颤动患者左心功能的影响

目的探讨导管消融术对合并左室射血分数降低(LVEF<50%)心房颤动患者的左心功能的影响。方法本研究为前瞻性队列研究。选取2017年1月至2018年4月期间收住武汉大学人民医院的合并心力衰竭且LVEF<50%的心房颤动患者97例,根据是否行导管消融术分为手术组48例和非手术组49例。随访时间6个月,观察左心房内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVDD)、舒张期室间隔厚度(IVSD)、LVEF、舒张末期左心室后壁厚度(LVPWD)以及血清N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)的水平变化。结果手术组及非手术组的年龄、性别比例、基础疾病、药物使用情况和心功能等差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。随访6个月,手术组的LAD[(35.4±2.0)mm比(40.8±2.8)mm,P<0.05]、LVDD[(48.6±1.7)mm比(52.1±2.4)mm,P<0.05]、IVSD[(9.9±1.9)mm比(11.5±2.8)mm,P<0.05]、LVPWD[(10.0±0.8)mm比(11.2±0.9)mm,P<0.05]和血清NT-proBNP[(480.1±102.8)pg/ml比(1 117.8±231.4)pg/ml,P<0.05]均明显低于非手术组,而LVEF明显高于非手术组(46.8%±12.4%比44.1%±3.7%,P<0.05)。结论导管消融术可明显改善合并LVEF降低的心房颤动患者的左心功能。     

心房颤动导管消融术后早期复发与炎症反应的关系

目的探讨心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术后早期复发与炎症反应的关系。方法选择2008年10月至2009年7月于北京大学第三医院接受导管消融治疗的房颤患者28例,分别测定并比较消融术前、术后即刻及术后3天血浆高敏感性C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和白介素-6(IL-6)水平,并对房颤消融术后早期复发与未复发患者间不同时间点的炎症因子水平进行比较。结果房颤患者消融术后3天血浆hs-CRP和IL-6水平均显著高于术前和术后即刻水平(P0.001)。6例消融术后早期复发的房颤患者术后3天血浆IL-6水平显著高于未复发组(0.57×10-12mmol/L比0.25×10-12mmol/L,P=0.014),而hs-CRP水平两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。复发组血浆hs-CRP和IL-6水平术后3天和术前差值均显著高于未复发组(4.11×10-3mmol/L比1.75×10-3mmol/L,P=0.044;0.38×10-12mmol/L比0.08×10-12mmol/L,P=0.004)。复发组血浆hs-CRP和IL-6术后3天水平较术前水平增加的倍数也显著高于未复发组(5.80比0.98,P=0.019;2.80比0.92,P=0.016)。结论房颤导管消融术后3天开始出现明显炎症反应,房颤早期复发患者术后3天血浆IL-6水平显著高于未复发患者,且复发患者血浆hs-CRP和IL-6水平术后3天较术前上升的幅度及增加的倍数显著高于未复发患者,这对消融术后早期房颤复发可能具有一定的预测价值。     

心力衰竭对持续性心房颤动患者经导管消融术后中长期预后的影响

目的 探讨心力衰竭对持续性心房颤动患者经导管消融术后中长期预后的影响。方法 回顾性选取2017年1月至2020年3月因持续性心房颤动于厦门大学附属心血管病医院心内科行经导管射频消融术的患者215例。根据心力衰竭发生情况将其分为心力衰竭组（n=123）和对照组（n=92）。比较两组一般资料、消融情况、术后随访情况、临床终点事件发生情况。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,采用多因素Cox比例风险回归分析探讨心力衰竭对持续性心房颤动患者经导管消融术后发生临床终点事件的影响。结果 心力衰竭组女性占比、年龄及术前纽约心脏病协会（NYHA）分级评分、CHA2DS2-VASc评分、平均心室率、肌酐（Cr）、N末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）高于对照组,术前TC、TG、左心室射血分数（LVEF）低于对照组,术前左心室内径（LVD）、左心房内径（LAD）大于对照组（P<0.05）。两组手术时间、X线暴露时间、消融次数比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;心力衰竭组应用伊布利特者占比低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组行单纯环肺静脉前庭隔离术、左心房顶部线性消融、左心房后壁B...     

心房颤动导管消融术并发症的处理

<正> 1 急性心脏穿孔/心脏压塞急性心脏穿孔/心脏压塞是心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术致命性的严重并发症,与术前术中抗凝、导管操作损伤等有关,术中或术后均可能发生。因此,术中术后必须仔细观察,一旦发现,需要立即抢救。在房间隔穿刺时需注意避免损伤右心房、冠状窦、主     

Congestive heart failure after extensive catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: prevalence, characterization, and outcome

Congestive Heart Failure After Catheter Ablation for AF. Introduction: This study sought to describe a new complication of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF): new onset congestive heart failure (CHF) after extensive ablation for AF. Methods and Results: Data from 12 patients developing CHF after ablation were prospectively collected. All patients underwent extensive ablation for AF including circumferential pulmonary venous ablation and complex fractionated atrial electrograms guided ablation. CHF was diagnosed using the following criteria: symptoms or signs of heart failure, elevated BNP, and echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Twelve patients (5 persistent and 7 permanent AF) had CHF after extensive ablation out of 484 consecutive AF patients who underwent catheter ablation (prevalence 2.5%). None of these 12 patients had CHF prior to the procedure. The mean onset of the symptoms was 39 ± 14 hours after the index procedure. Dyspnea and pulmonary rales were the most observed symptoms or signs. White blood cell count, serum CRP, BNP, and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (E/A, E/E′) were significantly increased after the onset of symptoms. All patients had complete recovery with supportive therapy within 3 days of the onset of symptoms. Conclusions: In this single‐center experience, CHF after extensive ablation for AF was a well‐recognized complication with a relatively high incidence of 2.5%. Measurement of BNP, CRP, and E/A, E/E′ is useful in managing these patients. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 632‐637, June 2011)     

Complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: incidence and predictors

Introduction: Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation by catheter ablation is an increasingly used strategy to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Complication rates from AF ablation reported in different case series vary widely. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 641 consecutive ablation procedures to assess complication rates, temporal trends, and clinical predictors of adverse outcomes.
Methods: All patients (n = 517) undergoing catheter ablation for AF at Johns Hopkins Hospital between February, 2001 and June, 2007 were prospectively enrolled in a database. Data from 641 consecutive procedures were analyzed and complications considered if they occurred within 30 days of ablation. Major complications were defined as those that required intervention, resulted in long-term disability, or prolonged hospitalization.
Results: Thirty-two major complications occurred in 641 procedures (5%). Among the patients with major complications, seven had cerebrovascular accident (CVA), eight had tamponade, one had PV occlusion with hemoptysis, and 11 had vascular injury requiring surgical repair and/or transfusion. No periprocedural deaths occurred, and no instances of esophageal injury were seen. Complication rates were higher during the first 100 cases (9.0%) than during the subsequent 541 (4.3%). Major adverse clinical events were associated with age > 70 years (P = 0.007; odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4–9.6) and female gender (P = 0.014; odds ratio 3.0, 95% confidence interval 1.3–7.2). No other clinical or procedural predictors of complication were identified.
Conclusions: Complication rates from AF ablation remain significant, despite improved techniques and increased awareness of procedural risks. Both advanced age and female gender predict major adverse events, suggesting careful consideration of the risk/benefit profile in these patients prior to ablation.     

心房颤动合并心力衰竭的治疗进展

心房颤动（房颤）与心力衰竭（心衰）常同时存在,二者互为因果,并导致住院率、致残率和病死率明显增加。目前的基本治疗策略仍是预防血栓、改善症状。研究表明,接受房颤导管消融治疗的房颤合并心衰患者能够增加左室射血分数、改善生活质量及降低住院率,但仍需进一步的研究。识别房颤对于心功能不全的影响对治疗十分重要。     

Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Atrial fibrillation and heart failure are increasing in prevalence, and frequently coexist. Despite the desire to restore sinus rhythm in heart failure patients, large studies comparing rate control to pharmacologic rhythm control have failed to show superiority of either approach. This may in part be due to the inefficacy and higher risk of adverse effects with antiarrhythmic drugs in HF patients. As such, catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction has been increasingly explored as a treatment modality. We review the contemporary evidence regarding patient selection, efficacy, safety, and impact of catheter ablation on outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.     

Effect of catheter ablation on progression of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Ablation and Progression of Atrial Fibrillation. Objective: The objective was to determine the effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) on progression of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Background: Progression to persistent AF may occur in up to 50% of patients with paroxysmal AF receiving pharmacological therapy. Hypertension, age, prior transient ischemic event, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and heart failure (HATCH score) have been identified as independent risk factors for progression of AF. Methods: RFA was performed in 504 patients (mean age: 58 ± 10 years) to eliminate paroxysmal AF. A repeat RFA procedure was performed in 193 patients (38%). Clinical variables predictive of outcome and their relation to progression of AF after RFA were assessed using multivariate analysis. Results: At a mean follow‐up of 27 ± 12 months after RFA, 434/504 patients (86%) were in sinus rhythm; 49/504 patients (9.5%) continued to have paroxysmal AF; and 14 (3%) were in atrial flutter. Among the 504 patients, 7 (1.5%) progressed to persistent AF. In patients with recurrent AF after RFA, paroxysmal AF progressed to persistent AF in 7/56 (13%, P < 0.001). The progression rate of AF was 0.6% per year after RFA (P < 0.001 compared to 9% per year reported in pharmacologically treated patients). Age >75 years, duration of AF >10 years and diabetes were independent predictors of progression to persistent AF. The HATCH score was not significantly different between patients with paroxysmal AF who did and did not progress to persistent AF (0.7 ± 0.8 vs 1.0 ± 0.5, P = 0.3). Conclusions: Compared to a historical control group of pharmacologically treated patients with paroxysmal AF, RFA appears to reduce the rate of progression of paroxysmal AF to persistent AF. Age, duration of AF, and diabetes are independent risk factors for progression to persistent AF after RFA. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 9‐14, January 2012)     

Increased resting heart rate following radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation

AIM: Sinus tachycardia has been observed following radiofrequency(RF) catheter ablation for various kinds of supraventriculartachycardia. This study is aimed at determining the occurrenceof changes in sinus-rhythm heart rate (HR) after pulmonary vein(PV) isolation in patients with paroxysmal/persistent atrialfibrillation (AF), prospectively. METHODS: Patients with a history of AF underwent segmental or circumferentialisolation of the PVs. A total of 62 consecutive patients, meanage 55 10, was included. Clinical evaluation was performedbefore and one, three, six, nine, and 12 months following theprocedure. RESULTS: Following PV isolation, the mean HR significantly increasedfrom 58 10 bpm at baseline to 67 12 bpm at one month, 71 13 bpm at three months, 69 12 bpm at six months, 69 13at nine months, and 70 13 at 12 months follow-up. The ablationsuccess significantly correlated with the increase in HR atone month follow-up. In three patients the mean HR increased> 25 bpm resulting in symptoms necessitating therapy withrate-controlling drugs. CONCLUSION: PV isolation in patients with AF may result in increased HR,which positively correlated with the ablation success. Thischange does not seem to resolve spontaneously after a follow-upof 12 months. Approximately 5% of patients may develop symptomsdue to an increased HR, necessitating treatment with rate-controllingdrugs.     

Approach and strategy for repeat catheter ablation of recurrent atrial fibrillation

Patients with atrial fibrillation often undergo repeat catheter ablation for the recurrence of tachyarrhythmia. If the pulmonary veins were isolated in prior procedure, the operator should focus on substrate homogenization with identification and ablation of only arrhythmogenic areas.