咸阳市医务人员主观幸福感及影响因素

目的了解咸阳市医务人员主观幸福感及其影响因素,为提高医务人员工作满意度及医疗服务质量提供参考。方法采用总体幸福感量表,于2017年6月对咸阳市8所二级以上医院2 600名医务人员进行调查。结果咸阳市医务人员总体幸福感得分为70.96±9.278,不同性别、年龄、工龄、婚姻状况、职称医务人员总体幸福感得分差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),不同性别医务人员在情感控制、精力、对生活的满足和兴趣3个维度方面得分差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),不同年龄、工龄、职称、婚姻状况医务人员在健康担心维度得分差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),不同职称医务人员在情感控制和忧郁与愉快2个维度方面得分差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),多元线性回归分析表明,对健康担心维度受性别、婚姻状况影响最大(β=0.052、-0.056),对生活的满足和兴趣维度受年龄、职称的影响最大(β=-0.154、0.069)。结论咸阳市医务人员主观幸福感较低,不同个体特征医务人员主观幸福感存在一定的差异。     

四川省36所乡镇卫生院医务人员工作满意度研究

[目的]分析乡镇卫生院医务人员工作满意度现状,为乡镇卫生院管理者提供制定人力资源决策的参考依据。[方法]运用现状调查方法,进行现场问卷调查。收集四川省36所乡镇卫生院医务人员工作满意度的相关数据,进行统计分析。[结果]乡镇卫生院医务人员工作总的满意程度较高,对压力感、薪酬和安全感的三个维度感到最不满意。不同级别、性别、职称、本卫生院工作年限的医务人员的工作满意度存在着差异。[结论]提高工作满意度应当考虑这些因素及不同群体的差异。     

乡镇卫生院医务人员工作满意度分析——基于新疆三县的调查

目的:调查新疆乡镇卫生院医务人员工作满意度现状并分析其影响因素,了解医务人员心理需求,从而提高医务人员工作积极性,能更好地为病人提供高质量的医疗服务,促进农村医疗卫生事业的发展。方法:对新疆三个样本县中9所乡镇卫生院的所有医务人员进行问卷调查,运用Excel对数据资料进行录入,采用SPSS软件进行统计学分析。结果:乡镇卫生院医务人员工作总体满意度水平偏低,不同满意度因子中最不满意的依次为报酬与工作量评价、工作的提升机会、机构政策的实施;单因素方差分析结果显示,各年龄阶段、学历层次、行政职务、专业技术职务的满意度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05);logistic多元线性回归结果显示:年龄越小、行政业务管理职位越高,对工作满意程度越高。结论:通过多方调研与反馈,制定可操作性的政策,通过完善薪酬制度,提高工资待遇、健全人员培训机制、制定人员晋升培养计划等措施促进乡镇卫生院医务人员的工作满意度。     

基层医务人员乳腺癌患者积极心理因素及其关联性分析

为探讨基层医务人员乳腺癌患者积极心理因素及其关联性,2019年2—6月选取武汉市13个区26所社区卫生服务中心或卫生院中的所有确诊为乳腺癌的医务人员共79例为调查对象,进行自填问卷法调查,调查内容包括自制一般资料调查表、创伤后成长评定量表、牛津幸福感问卷(修订版)、心理弹性量表。本次调查对象创伤后成长得分平均为(7146±1482)分,人际关系维度得分最高,其他依次为个人力量、欣赏生活、新的可能性,精神变化维度得分最低(P005)。主观幸福感总平均分(9396±1402)分,效能感得分最高,其次为人际关系和谐感,生活满意感得分最低(P005)。心理弹性量表平均(6239±542)分,个人能力维度条目平均得分高于积极认识条目维度(P005)。创伤后成长与主观幸福感及心理弹性均呈显著正相关,且主观幸福感各维度与心理弹性呈显著正相关(r0,P005)。基层医务人员乳腺癌患者创伤后成长、主观幸福感及心理弹性等积极心理因素内部均存在显著正相关关系,通过提高主观幸福感及心理弹性等积极心理因素可促进患者创伤后成长。     

咸阳市三级甲等医院医务人员主观幸福感对工作稳定性影响

目的了解咸阳市三级甲等医院医务人员主观幸福感和工作稳定性现状,为提高医务人员工作满意度及优化医院管理提供参考。方法采用总体幸福感量表和离职倾向量表,于2017年6月对咸阳市2所三级甲等医院1 434名医务人员进行调查。结果咸阳市三级甲等医院医务人员主观幸福感和工作稳定性得分分别为70.68±8.580和15.35±3.327,不同年龄、职称医务人员主观幸福感得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05),不同年龄、工龄、职称医务人员工作稳定性得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。相关性分析发现,主观幸福感及其各维度与工作稳定性呈显著相关(P0.05)。多元线性回归分析表明,工作稳定性受年龄、主观幸福感、对生活的兴趣和满足、忧郁或愉快、松弛或紧张的影响最大(Beta=0.118、0.265、-0.142、0.252、0.067,均P0.05)。结论咸阳市三级甲等医院医务人员主观幸福感较低,主观幸福感与工作稳定性相关,年龄、主观幸福感以及对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快、松弛或紧张维度对工作稳定性影响较大。     

医务人员综合幸福感调查及对策

目的了解医务人员幸福感现状并提出提升对策。方法采用《综合幸福问卷》调查表,对扬州市一家三级甲等医院816名在职医务人员幸福感水平进行抽样调查。结果医务人员幸福感指数(6. 84±1. 43)处于中等偏上水平;不同性别、婚姻、学历、收入的医务人员的幸福指数得分差异不大;年龄在26岁以上至55岁幸福指数低于年龄在25岁以下和56岁以上的人群;医生和护士幸福指数低于行政和医技人员;兴趣爱好少、性格消极悲伤及未来目标不明确的人幸福指数低。结论医务人员的幸福感水平处于中等偏上水平,但主观幸福感低于心理幸福感,关注医务人员的幸福观及其相关因素有利于提升患者满意度,最终促进医疗卫生事业的发展。     

贫困大学生主观幸福感分析

目的探究贫困大学生主观幸福感的特点及其与非贫困生之间的差异,为贫困大学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法选取不同地区、不同类型与层次的大专院校9所,对708名贫困大学生和380名非贫困生进行问卷调查。结果专业在幸福感指数、总体情感指数和情感指数上差异均有统计学意义,表现为艺术〉工科〉理科〉文科;不同年级、不同性别贫困生在幸福感指数和生活满意度上差异有统计学意义;贫困生与非贫困生在幸福感指数、总体情感指数和生活满意度上差异有统计学意义,且贫困生的均值都低于非贫困生。结论贫困大学生的主观幸福感在专业、年级、性别上差异均有统计学意义,贫困生与非贫困生的主观幸福感差异有统计学意义。     

孝儿镇医务人员工作满意度调查

[目的]了解孝儿镇中心卫生院和镇卫生院医务人员的工作满意度,为改善孝儿镇医疗服务质量提供理论依据. [方法]对两院全体医务人员进行工作满意度的问卷调查. [结果]孝儿镇医务人员工作满意度总体不高,较不满意的比例相对较多(42.1%),两院比较来看,中心卫生院医务人员的满意度明显低于镇卫生院. [结论]针对孝儿镇医务人员工作满意度情况,相关部门应采取一定措施提高其工作满意度,以促进该地区医疗服务发展.     

医院文化视角下员工职业幸福感的提升

针对访谈和文献研究中提出的影响医务人员职业幸福感的因素,对构建医院幸福物质文化、制度文化和精神文化进行了探讨,以期达到构建和谐医院文化与提高医务人员职业幸福感的良性循环.     

中学生主观幸福感及其影响因素分析

目的了解中学生主观幸福感及其影响因素,为提出相应的干预策略提供科学依据。方法分层整群抽取江西省某市2所初中、1所高中和入户调查18个自然村共2 335名中学生,采用青少年主观幸福感量表进行调查。结果中学生的总体幸福感处于中等水平,学业满意度最低。性别和是否寄宿影响主观幸福感的大部分维度,且方向不同;独生子女的半数维度得分高于非独生子女。家庭居住地影响友谊、家庭、学校和环境满意度,家庭结构影响友谊、家庭、学校、生活满意度、积极情感和总体幸福感,是否留守影响环境满意度和消极情感;家庭社会经济地位影响友谊和学业满意度。初中生的积极情感、生活满意度和总体幸福感得分随年级增长而逐渐下降,高中生恰好相反,初二、高二学生体验到最低的消极情感;随着学习成绩的提高,积极情感、生活满意度和总体幸福感均逐渐增加,消极情感逐渐减少。结论学生的总体幸福感处于中等水平。在选择措施时,应根据人群的不同特征采取不同干预措施。     

中学生觉察压力与主观幸福感关系

目的了解新疆地区中学生觉察压力与主观幸福感现状及关系,为促进其心理健康提供理论依据。方法采用觉察压力量表(PSS)和总体幸福感量表(GWB)对新疆地区4所中学共1 000名中学生的觉察压力及主观幸福感状况进行调查。结果中学生觉察压力得分女生明显高于男生(t=11.28,P=0.001),而总体幸福感得分男生明显高于女生(t=2.00,P=0.045),觉察压力和总体幸福感在年级上得分差异均有统计学意义(F=3.54,P=0.003;F=5.63,P=0.000);觉察压力与对生活的满足和兴趣呈正相关(r=0.072,P<0.05),与对健康的担心和松弛或紧张均呈负相关(r=-0.102,r=-0.112,P<0.01);预测感与总体幸福感及各因子(对健康的担心除外)均呈负相关(r=-0.559～-0.374,P<0.01);控制感与对健康的担心呈负相关(r=-0.073,P<0.05),与总体幸福感及各因子均呈正相关(r=0.161～0.291,P<0.01);超载感与总体幸福感及各因子(对健康的担心除外)呈正相关(r=0.174～0.293,P<0.01);觉察压力对中学生的主观幸福感具有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论中学生的主观幸福感与觉察压力关系密切。     

赣州市中年人防御方式的相关研究

[目的]对中年人的防御方式及各背景变量关系进行分析,以揭示中年人运用不同防御方式的特点。[方法]采用防御方式问卷(DSQ)、自尊调查表(SEI)、总体幸福感量表对124名中年人进行测试。[结果]成熟及中间型防御机制的运用与自尊成负相关,与幸福感成正相关;不成熟、掩饰防御机制与自尊成正相关,与幸福感成负相关。中年人防御方式的运用在文化水平、经济状况、家庭背景及不同职业上存在显著的差异。[结论]关注中年人的生活现状,养成良好的防御方式以增强对生活总体幸福感。     

汉川市各级医务人员幸福感影响因素研究

目的对医务人员幸福感影响因素研究,为提高医疗服务质量和队伍稳定提供参考。方法选取汉川市12家一、二级医院,应用问卷调查法对350名医务人员进行工作幸福感调查。结果进入回归方程的变量有健康状况(标准化回归系数Sβ=0.213)、职称(Sβ=0.204)、压力应对(Sβ=0.150)、性别(Sβ=0.135)和兴趣爱好(Sβ=0.135)。结论影响汉川市医务人员幸福感的因素按作用大小依次是健康状况、职称、压力应对、性别和兴趣爱好。     

Quality of life across medical conditions and psychological factors: implications for population health management

Purpose

To identify the contributions of medical conditions and psychological distress to well-being within a non-clinical sample, stratified by age. It was predicted that medical conditions and psychological distress would be negatively associated with well-being. It was also predicted that psychological distress and medical conditions would account for significant variance in well-being. It was further predicted that psychological distress would mediate the relationship between medical conditions and well-being across the life span.

Methods

1,424,307 employees/health plan members that completed an HRA. SEM was used to characterize relationships among medical conditions and psychological distress in predicting well-being (QoL, HRQoL, and impairments in ADLs) in five adult age groups.

Results

Medical conditions and psychological distress were negatively associated with well-being. As age increased, psychological distress was less associated with well-being. However, in those >75 years old, psychological distress had the largest association with well-being. All medical conditions, except cancer, were negatively associated with well-being. There were decreasing effects of medical conditions across the life span, with the exception of pulmonary disease which increased. Psychological distress mediated the relationship between medical conditions and well-being, with chronic pain having the greatest mediation across the life span.

Conclusions

The analysis revealed differences in the contribution of psychological distress and medical conditions to well-being by age group. Additionally, the contribution of psychological distress was equitable to that of medical conditions, thus highlighting the importance of addressing psychological distress in medical populations for well-being. Findings suggest the relevance of age in well-being and the need for further longitudinal investigation.

     

医院管理人员与医护人员对医患关系评价的差异性分析

目的了解医院行政管理人员与医护人员对医患关系的总体评价,探究其差异产生的原因。方法对北京市5家三级甲等医院114名医院行政管理人员和378名医护人员进行问卷调查,运用秩和检验、Logistic回归等方法对其结果进行统计学分析。结果医院行政管理人员与医务人员对医患关系的评价存在差异,具有统计学意义;差异产生的原因与他们的生活满意度和工作总体感受相关。结论医院行政管理人员与医护人员对医患关系评价的差异与其各自的岗位特点有直接关系;医院行政管理需加强人本管理理念,科学管理医院,同时追求更高的医疗质量,打造坚实的医院品牌,构建和谐的医患关系。     

Type A behavior pattern in health education

A cross-sectional study was conducted to clarify the relationship between type A behavior pattern and life styles on 669 male and 60 female workers belonging to a financing company. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on type A behavior pattern (including 11 questions), medical parameters and recent well-being. Principal component analysis was made to select the three major components concerning type A behavior pattern. The first component score represented overall irritability, the second score relaxation, and the third score etiology of irritability. After these component scores were adjusted to age, the following findings were observed. Smoking habits and heavy alcohol intake showed a significant correlation with a high score in the first principal component. General feeling during the past month and fatigability were related to the first and second principal component scores, respectively. Discouragement, bad arousal, little worth of living and apathy were negatively related to the second principal component score. Total cholesterol showed a positive correlation with the second principal component score (r = 0.140, p less than 0.01) in males and obesity index had a positive correlation with the second component score (r = 0.259, p less than 0.01) in females. Other medical parameters including high density lipoprotein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not demonstrate any significant correlation with principal component scores. It is important that recognition of type A behavior pattern may be applied to health education programs.     

Proxy ratings of health related quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

The present study prospectively assessed consistency of ratings of health-related quality of life between patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and two types of proxy raters, family caregivers and oncologist care providers. Patients and proxies completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) at baseline prior to treatment (82 patients plus proxies), at 3-months (32 patients plus proxies), and 6-months follow up (16 patients plus proxies) after diagnosis. Patient and proxy demographic data and patient medical data were also collected. At baseline, significant intra-class correlations (ICC) were found for patient–caregiver ratings of physical, social/family, and functional well-being, additional concerns (symptoms, side effects), and overall health related quality of life (HRQL); for patient–care provider ratings of physical well-being; and for caregiver–care provider ratings of physical and emotional well-being. At 3-months follow-up, the most significant number of ICCs were recorded across all three rater pairs. Significant consistencies were found for overall HRQL, and all subscale scores except for social and family well-being. The fewest significant ICCs were found at the 6-month follow-up, and were for patient–caregiver ratings of physical and functional well-being, and additional concerns; and for caregiver–care provider ratings on overall HRQL. These results suggest that family caregivers are adequate proxies of patient physical and functional well-being and additional concerns throughout the patients illness, more so than oncologist care providers. Further research is warranted with larger samples.     

Marital context and post-infarction quality of life: is it social support or something more?

The development of a theory of quality of life following serious illness is currently an important field of endeavour in rehabilitation research. The interpersonal relationships of people and elements of the self-concept appear to be salient factors in causal models of subjective well-being. One such model developed to explain characteristic levels of well-being was used in a longitudinal study of adaptation to a first myocardial infarction. Data were collected from a national sample of male cardiac patients and their spouses on the illness and marital situation as predictors of long-term well-being or ill-being. Analyses of data from the first three waves of the study, which is to extend over 5 years after the onset of illness, are to be discussed in the paper. Marital status, the emotional quality of the spouse relationship and long-standing marital stressors were found to have direct and indirect effects on the two dimensions of the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale. The same is true of continuing problems associated with the heart attack relative to perceptions of having coped effectively with the after effects of illness. Differences in self-esteem and personal competence were suggested as mediators of socio-environmental and illness-related influences. The two-factor conception of well-being developed was found to be a useful framework for investigating positive and negative aspects of psychosocial rehabilitation. The same factors that explain differences between happy and unhappy people in social indicators research also appeared to be determinants of different trajectories of adaptation in the wake of a life-threatening illness. Previous research using theoretical models from stress research has overemphasized psychosocial morbidity and stress management and neglected positive processes of adaptation. The identification of love resources related to positive feeling states and life satisfaction has, therefore, not received the attention it deserves. This is especially the case regarding an overemphasis of the concept of social support as a buffer of stress. Instruments were developed to measure high and low marital intimacy, as well as chronic marital role strains, and these measures appeared to explain different trajectories of adjustment to cardiac disease. The two-factor model appears to be useful for future work on quality of life with chronic illness. The same is true of four marital contexts of rehabilitation that were identified in the study.     

Facilitating well-being through music for older people with special needs

This study examines the importance of music in facilitating well-being for older people who have special needs and discusses how music can contribute to well-being and quality of life. The data derive from qualitative interviews with a sample of older Australians aged 60 years and above who live in rural and urban settings. The findings reveal music can provide many people with ways of feeling competent, feeling less isolated, connecting with other people, and helping in the maintenance of a greater sense of good health. Music facilitates meaning in people's lives and is associated with a person's emotions and life experiences and allows them to engage in imaginative play and escape. The results reveal how music promotes quality of life for individuals living alone and also those who have responsibility in caring for others.     

大学生主观幸福感和生活事件的关系

目的研究大学生主观幸福感和生活事件的关系,为高校大学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法运用主观幸福感问卷和青少年生活事件量表,对769名大学生进行测试。结果大学生主观幸福感处于中等偏上水平。主观幸福感和生活事件均存在性别差异、年级差异、城乡差异;生活事件分别可以解释总体主观幸福感、生活满意度、正性情感及负性情感变异的5.4%,3.7%,1.3%和17.3%。不喜欢上学、学习负担重、受人歧视冷遇、亲友死亡、与教师关系紧张、考试失败或不理想、受批评或处分、长期远离家人不能团聚、被盗或丢失东西、家庭经济困难、与人打架、家庭施加学习压力等是影响大学生主观幸福感的主要生活事件,可以不同程度地解释总体主观幸福感、生活满意度、正性情感及负性情感变异的14.8%,13.9%,8.4%和30.0%。结论生活事件对大学生主观幸福感有显著影响。