HBV全基因组克隆转染细胞系的建立

目的:建立HBV体外细胞培养体系. 方法:构建HBV全基因克隆质粒pcDNA3-3HBV,稳定转染HepG2细胞,G418筛选. ELISA检测细胞上清液HBsAg,HBeAg的表达,免疫组化检测细胞内HBcAg的表达,RT-PCR检测细胞S基因mRNA的表达,PCR检测细胞上清液DNA. 结果:成功构建了HBV全基因克隆质粒pcDNA3-3HBV,稳定转染HepG2后,培养上清HBsAg,HBeAg阳性,细胞内HBcAg呈核浆型分布,且以浆型分布为主. RT-PCR证实有HBV S基因 mRNA 的表达,上清中HBV S及前S基因阳性,荧光定量PCR检测显示培养上清中HBV 滴度达1×108拷贝/L. 结论:重组质粒pcDNA3-3HBV能在HepG2细胞中表达、转录、复制,该细胞培养体系能产生较高水平的HBV.     

乙肝病毒标志物阳性血清感染胎盘滋养层细胞的体外研究

目的提供血清中的HBV病毒能进入体外培养的滋养层细胞(HPT-8)的依据。方法用HBV阳性血清体外感染HPT-848h,设感染组和对照组。ELSIA检测细胞培养上清中HBsAg、HBeAg,PCR检测细胞培养上清和细胞中HBVDNA,细胞免疫组织化学法检测细胞中HBsAg、HBcAg,免疫荧光定量PCR检测细胞培养上清中HBVDNA的含量。结果ELISA检测PBS洗8次后第1、2代感染细胞的培养上清的HBsAg、HBeAg均呈阳性;PCR在感染细胞第1、2代的培养上清中检测到HBVDNA特异的片断;第1、2代感染细胞中检测出了rcDNA,第1代感染细胞中检测出了cccDNA;免疫组化检测感染组第2代细胞中HBsAg阳性;荧光定量PCR检测感染细胞第1、2代培养上清中HBVDNA的滴度分别为8×104拷贝/ml和4.6×103拷贝/ml,第3代<103拷贝/ml。结论血清中的HBV病毒能进入HPT-8,但在HPT-8内很难复制、繁殖。     

MXA蛋白抑制HBV复制的体外研究

目的 研究MXA蛋白抑制HBV复制的活性.方法 将pcDNA3.1-MXA重组质粒和PU19-1.24 HBV重组质粒分别按1:1、2:1共转染HepG2细胞(MXA组),对照组使用空pcDNA3.1、Salon DNA和PU19-1.24 HBV重组质粒共转染,3 d后Western blot检测MXA蛋白表达,Abbott法检测细胞上清HBeAg和HBsAg分泌量,定量PCR检测上清和胞内HBV DNA水平,统计学分析结果 .pcDNA3.1-MXA与PU19-1.24HBV重组质粒共转染HepG2细胞,对照组为pcDNA3.1-MXA重组质粒、PU19空质粒和Salon DNA共转染,3 d后裂解细胞Western blot检测MXA蛋白表达.结果 Western blot显示MXA组有MXA蛋白表达;与对照组相比,pcDNA3.1-MXA和PU19-1.24 HBV重组质粒按1:1转染时,MXA组HBeAg下降27%,上清HBV DNA和细胞内HBV DNA分别下降1个log值和0.6个log值;按2:1比例转染时MXA组HBeAg较对照组下降66%,上清HBV DNA和细胞内HBV DNA水平分别下降1.9个和1.7个log值,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Western blot检测显示MXA蛋白抑制HBV组与对照组MXA蛋白表达没有明显差别.结论 MXA蛋白在HepG2细胞具有抑制HBV复制活性,抑制活性与蛋白的表达量相关;在抑制HBV复制过程中MXA蛋白自身可能不发生降解.     

APOBEC3G真核表达载体的构建及其对HBV复制表达的影响

目的:构建APOBEC3G真核表达载体,在体外初步探讨APOBEC3G对HBV复制表达的影响。方法:应用RT-PCR法从人PBMC细胞中扩增APOBEC3G基因,分子克隆法构建表达APOBEC3G蛋白的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-APOBEC3G,并脂质体法转染HepG22.2.15细胞。Western-blot鉴定细胞中APOBEC3G蛋白的表达。ELISA法检测细胞培养上清液中HBsAg和HBeAg水平,实时定量PCR检测HBVDNA和HBV mRNA水平。结果:经酶切鉴定及测序证实APOBEC3G真核表达载体被成功构建,APOBEC3G蛋白可在HepG22.2.15细胞中表达。转染APOBEC3G重组质粒的HepG22.2.15细胞的HBsAg、HBeAg、HBVDNA及HBV mRNA水平均明显低于未转染重组质粒的HepG22.2.15细胞。结论:APOBEC3G明显抑制了HepG22.2.15细胞中HBV的复制与表达,成功构建APOBEC3G真核表达载体,为深入研究APOBEC3G抗HBV的作用机制奠定实验基础。     

人γ-干扰素真核表达载体的构建及其体外抑制HBV的作用

目的 观察携带人γ干扰素(IFN-γ)基因的真核表达载体(pcDNA3.1-IFN-γ)体外转染hepG2.2.15细胞后抑制乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的作用.方法 利用PCR技术和基因重组方法构建表达人IFN-γ的真核表达载体,体外转染hepG2.2.15细胞后收集细胞培养上清液,用ELISA法检测人IFN-γ蛋白的分泌量.并分别用荧光定量PCR和ELISA试剂盒检测细胞培养上清中病毒释放的HBV-DNA和HBeAg、HBsAg抗原含量.结果 转染pcDNA3.1-IFN-γ组细胞HBeAg含量比空载体阴性对照组和空白2.2.15细胞对照组下降了49%,而两个对照组间HBeAg含鼍无显著差异;HBsAg含量比宅载体阴性对照组下降了35%、比空白2.2.15细胞对照组下降了33%,两个对照组问HBsAg含量无显著差异.同时,转染pcDNA3.1-IFN-γ组细胞上清中HBVDNA含量比两个对照组均显著降低,而对照组间HBVDNA含量无显著差异.结论 成功构建了人IFN-γ真核表达载体并可以在体外有效抑制HBV复制,为将人IFN-γ应用于抗HBV的基因治疗奠定基础.     

Caveolin-1的低表达与乙型肝炎病毒感染相关肝细胞癌的关系研究

目的研究小窝蛋白-1(Caveolin-1)的表达与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染以及相关肝细胞癌(HCC)的关系。方法免疫组化法检测HBV相关HCC中Caveolin-1表达量。构建Caveolin-1重组质粒,用Western blot检测转染了重组质粒的HepG2.2.15细胞中Caveolin-1表达量,并用ELISA法检测转染后培养上清中的HBsAg。结果免疫组化结果显示Caveolin-1在95%HBV相关HCC组织中表达低于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。Caveolin-1重组质粒构建成功并在HepG2.2.15中成功表达。ELISA检测发现用Caveolin-1重组质粒转染HBV感染稳定模型HepG2.2.15细胞48、72 h后,细胞培养上清中的HBsAg浓度相对未转染细胞分别下降了46.2%和48.8%(P<0.05)。重组质粒转染HBV感染急性细胞模型48、72 h后,HBsAg浓度相对未转染细胞分别下降了41%和50%(P<0.05)。结论 Caveolin-1在HBV相关HCC中呈低表达,Caveolin-1的高表达抑制了HBV HBsAg的分泌。     

结构特异性核酸酶FEN1对HBV复制的影响

目的探索宿主因子FEN1对HBV复制过程的影响。方法构建FEN1过表达慢病毒质粒,酶切鉴定并测序,转染293FT细胞,Western blot检测FEN1蛋白表达。将该质粒转染HBV复制稳定细胞系,设立慢病毒包装改造质粒pLenti6/V5-D-TOPO和不转染质粒的细胞作为对照。ELISA检测细胞上清,Southern blot及Real-time PCR检测HBV DNA。结果初筛阳性克隆提取质粒酶切鉴定,于FEN1及线性载体质粒大小处出现明亮单一条带,测序结果表明序列插入正确,Western blot检测FEN1蛋白表达量为对照的2～3倍。FEN1过表达质粒转染HBV复制稳定细胞株,细胞上清ELISA检测HBsAg抗原呈阳性,D(450)值为(1.982±0.032);细胞内提取病毒DNA行Real-time PCR,绝对定量拷贝数为1.18×109,Southern blot检测亦表明HBV复制水平明显上调。结论结构特异性核酸酶FEN1能够明显促进HBV DNA复制,是体内一种重要的病毒复制调控因子。     

K83A变异MxA蛋白抑制HBV复制体外研究

目的研究K83A变异MxA蛋白抑制HBV复制活性。方法将pcDNA3.1-MxA(wild-type)重组质粒(WT组)、pcDNA3.1-MxA-K83A重组质粒(K83A组)和pcDNA3.1空质粒(对照组)分别与pU19-1.24HBV重组质粒按2∶1比例瞬时共转染HepG2细胞,转染3d后western blot检测MxA蛋白表达,Abbott检测各组细胞上清HBsAg和HBeAg表达,定量PCR检测上清和细胞内HBV DNA水平,统计学分析结果。结果MxA、K83A组有较好的MxA蛋白表达;与对照组相比,K83A组和MxA组上清HBeAg分别下降73%和71%(P<0.05),上清HBV DNA水平分别下降2.22lg和2.11lg(P<0.01),细胞内HBV DNA水平下降1.89lg和1.78lg(P<0.01)。结论K83A变异不影响MxA蛋白抑制HBV复制活性。     

Apobec3B的真核表达及其抗HBV效应

目的：在真核细胞中表达Apobec3B,并探讨其在体外对HBV复制和表达的抑制作用。方法：应用RT-PCR法从人PBMC细胞中扩增Apobec3B基因,构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-Apo-bec3B,转染Hep G2 2.2.15细胞。W estern-blot鉴定细胞中Apobec3B蛋白的表达。ELISA法检测细胞培养上清液中HBsAg和HBeAg水平,RT-PCR检测HBV DNA和HBV mRNA水平。结果：经酶切及测序鉴定pcDNA3.1-Apobec3B成功构建,Apobec3B蛋白可在Hep G22.2.15细胞中成功表达。转染pcDNA3.1-Apobec3B重组质粒的Hep G2 2.2.15细胞的HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA及HBVmRNA水平均明显低于转染空载体组的Hep G2 2.2.15细胞。结论：成功在真核细胞中表达Apo-bec3B,其可明显抑制了Hep G22.2.15细胞中HBV的复制与表达,为深入研究Apobec3B抗HBV的作用机制奠定基础。     

双拷贝和x基因缺失HBV DNA质粒的构建及其细胞转染

目的:构建双拷贝和x基因缺失的HBV真核细胞复制表达质粒,并研究其在Hep3B肝癌细胞株中对HBV的复制表达效果.方法:利用含HBV DNA(adrⅠ)的质粒,酶切出HBV DNA片段,克隆入哺乳动物细胞表达载体pcDNA3,构建双拷贝HBV DNA的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-ES-HBV2;将原始质粒通过插入人工合成DNA片段和基因重组破坏乙肝病毒x基因区,再克隆入pcDNA3,构建成pcDNA3-KN-F1F2真核表达质粒;用两质粒分别转染Hep3B肝癌细胞株,进行G418筛选的同时用荧光定量PCR法检测细胞培养上清液HBV DNA.结果:(1)成功构建了x基因缺失的HBV真核表达质粒pcDNA3-KN-F1F2及含双拷贝HBV DNA的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-ES-HBV2;(2)对两质粒成功进行细胞转染后,测得第3、6、14天细胞培养上清液中HBV DNA均高表达,两质粒之间差别不明显.结论:构建的质粒可在Hep3B细胞株中表达并引起HBV的复制及分泌;x基因的缺失不影响HBV在Hep3B细胞株中的表达复制.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.