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1.
目的 建立气相色谱-质谱联用法测定蛇床子超临界二氧化碳(C02)流体提取物中蛇床子素的含量.方法 样品采用C02超临界流体萃取,萃取液用乙酸乙酯溶解,选择监测离子法测定蛇床子素的含量.色谱条件:DB-5 MS(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25 μm)石英毛细管色谱柱;柱流速2.0 mL·min-1,柱温60℃保持2 min,以10℃·min-1到280℃,保持6 min;进样口和接口温度为280 ℃.结果 蛇床子素在5~1 000μg·mL-1线性关系良好,r=0.999 1,平均回收率为98.97%,检测限1.0 ng·mL-1.结论 该方法稳定可靠,适用于蛇床子药材的质量控制. 相似文献
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目的建立独活中蛇床子素含量测定的气相色谱质谱联用内标法。方法药材经挥发油提取器提取后,以补骨脂素为内标物,采用气相色谱质谱联用内标法测定样品中蛇床子素的含量。色谱条件:采用BR-17型弹性石英毛细管色谱柱(0.25μm×250μm×30 m),氦气作为载气,程序升温(初始温度为50℃,以5℃/min的速度升温至260℃,保持3 min),进样口温度260℃,检测器为质谱。结果蛇床子素的浓度线性范围为Y=0.402 8X-0.154 2,相关系数r 2=0.999 2。回收率97.2%~102.8%,RSD为2.10%。结论气相色谱质谱联用内标法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于独活中蛇床子素含量的测定。 相似文献
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[摘要]目的建立测定利夫康洗液中蛇床子素含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。方法以日本DL C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm)为色谱柱,甲醇 水 (65:35)为流动相,检测波长322 nm,流速为1.0 mL8226;min 1。结果蛇床子素在浓度为2~100 μg8226;mL 1范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 5,精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.52%,平均加样回收率为99.7%,RSD为1.12%。结论该方法操作简单、快速、准确,可用于利夫康洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定。 相似文献
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目的建立妇安消疹洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定方法,完善质量控制体系。方法使用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Diamonsil-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(65∶35),检测波长:322 nm,流速:1.0 mL/min,进样量:10μL,柱温:30℃。结果蛇床子素在2.064.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率为97.1%,RSD为1.4%(n=6)。结论本方法简便快捷,专属性强,适用于妇安消疹洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定。 相似文献
5.
目的建立克痒舒洗液中蛇床子素含量测定的高效液相色谱法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,以日本DL-C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇-水(65∶35)为流动相,检测波长322nm,流速为1.0mL/min。结果蛇床子素在浓度为2~100μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.999 1,精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.35%,平均加样回收率为98.7%,RSD为1.39%。结论本方法操作简单、快速、准确,可用于克痒舒洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定。 相似文献
6.
目的建立测定洁尔阴洗液蛇床子素含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法采用日本DL-C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(65∶35)为流动相,检测波长为322 nm,流速为1.0 mL/min。结果蛇床子素质量浓度在2~200μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,r=0.999 6,精密度RSD=1.46%(n=6),平均回收率为102.23%,RSD=2.81%(n=6)。结论所用方法操作简单、快速、准确,可作为洁尔阴洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定方法。 相似文献
7.
目的建立测定药用胶塞中正己烷含量的气相色谱法。方法采用气相色谱法测定氯化丁基胶塞中正己烷的含量及在包装药品中的迁移情况。色谱柱为DB-624毛细管柱(30 m×0.320 mm,1.80μm);FID检测器,温度为280℃;载气为N2;柱流量为2.0 mL/min;柱温采用程序升温,45℃保持7 min,8℃/min升至110℃保持7 min,60℃/min升至250℃保持3 min;进样口温度为280℃,分流比为20∶1,进样量为1μL。结果正己烷质量浓度在0.5~50μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(R2=1),在19 h内稳定性良好,检出限为0.22μg/mL,平均加样回收率为95.75%(n=9);氯化丁基胶塞中正己烷含量为1.51μg/g,迁移药品中均未检出正己烷。结论该方法操作简单、结果准确、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于药用胶塞中正己烷的含量测定。 相似文献
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目的:建立快速、灵敏的高效液相色谱法测定复方黄藤洗液中蛇床子素含量的方法.方法:采用日本DL-C18柱(4.6mm×150 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇-水(65∶ 35)为流动相,检测波长322 nm,流速为1.0 ml·min-1.结果:蛇床子素在浓度为4~100 μg·ml-1范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.999 3,平均加样回收率为99.76%,RSD为1.59%.结论:本方法操作简单、快速、准确,可用于复方黄藤洗液中蛇床子素的含量测定. 相似文献
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目的建立紫苏叶油中紫苏酮的含量测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,色谱条件:色谱柱为DB-17石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm);进样口温度280℃;分流比为50∶1;检测器温度为280℃;进样量1μL;程序升温:初始温度100℃,保持5 min,以每分钟5℃的速率升温至120℃,保持2 min,再以每分钟10℃的速率升温至230℃,保持1 min。结果紫苏酮进样量在0.2~1.6μg与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);平均加样回收率为100.7%,RSD为0.43%(n=6)。结论采用气相色谱法对紫苏叶油中紫苏酮进行测定,方法简便,快速、准确,重复性好。 相似文献
10.
目的:使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪,采用选择监测离子法测定白芷中欧前胡素的含量。方法:色谱柱DB-5MS(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)石英毛细管色谱柱,程序升温:起始温度140℃,保持2 min,以10℃/min速率升温至280℃,保持4 min,以高纯氦气为载气,流速2.0 ml·min-1,样品用CO2超临界流体萃取,萃取液用乙酸乙酯溶解,选择离子监测法定量。结果:欧前胡素在2.10210.00μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7)范围内线性良好;平均回收率为99.9%,检测限为0.1 ng·ml-1。结论:本方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、结果准确可靠,可以用于测定白芷中欧前胡素的含量。 相似文献
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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.相似文献
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Petrikovics I McGuinn WD Sylvester D Yuzapavik P Jiang J Way JL Papahadjopoulos D Hong K Yin R Cheng TC DeFrank JJ 《Drug delivery》2000,7(2):83-89
This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine. 相似文献
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《Critical reviews in toxicology》2013,43(5-6):327-369
AbstractThe uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors. 相似文献
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Chang Min Kim Kun Ho Son Sung Hwan Kim Hyun Pyo Kim 《Archives of pharmacal research》1991,14(4):305-310
In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins
from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins. 相似文献
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《Expert opinion on investigational drugs》2013,22(1):79-86
Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation. 相似文献
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