退变性腰椎滑脱与关节突关节的方向性

目的：探讨腰椎关节突关节的方向性在退性变腰椎滑脱发生中的病因学意义。方法：34例L4／5退变性腰椎滑脱患者及30名正常对照者的CT扫描片，侧位X线片上关节突关节的方向性及腰椎滑脱程度进行分析。结果：退变性腰椎滑脱患者的关节突关节方向与对照组比较更偏向吴矢状位（P＜0．01），关节突关节不对称程度也更为明显（P＜0．05），小关节椎弓根角更倾向于水平位（P＜0．01），关节突关节角，不对称程度及小关节椎弓根角与腰椎滑脱程度无显著相关性（P＞0．05）。结论：腰椎关节突关节的方向性在退变性腰椎滑脱的发生中可能有一定的病因学意义。     

关节面方向和终板倾斜角度对退变性腰椎滑脱的影响

目的：探讨退变性L4-5滑脱的生物力学机制。方法：测量L4-5关节面与椎体冠状面角度和L5终板倾斜的角度，并与同年龄组没有退变性腰椎滑脱的腰痛患者作对照。对有退变性滑脱病人的L4-5关节面与椎体冠状面角度和L5终板倾斜的角度与椎间隙的高度，腰椎的生理曲度进行相关性分析。结果：有L4-5退变性腰椎滑脱的患者L4关节面较对照组更偏向于矢状位，L5终板倾斜度的增大，L4-5关节面的角度变大与椎间盘高度的降低及L5终板倾斜角度增大与腰椎曲度的减小有相关。结论：在有L4-5退变性滑脱的病人中，L4-5关节面的方向更接近矢状位，L5椎体终板的倾斜度更大。     

脊柱骨盆矢状位参数预测退变性腰椎滑脱发生及发展的危险因素

目的探讨脊柱骨盆矢状位参数预测退变性腰椎滑脱发生及发展的危险因素。方法退变性腰椎滑脱及退变性腰椎管狭窄症病人71例,其中退变性腰椎滑脱病人36例,退变性腰椎管狭窄症病人35例。在站立位全脊柱侧位片上测量骨盆投射角(PI)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)、骨盆倾斜度(PT)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、胸椎后凸角(TK)、腰椎骨盆前凸角(PR-LI,PR-L2,PR-L3,PR-L4,PR-L5)、骨盆形态(PR-S1)、腰4椎体倾斜角(L4S)、腰5椎体倾斜角(L5S)。所测退变性腰椎滑脱病例脊柱骨盆参数分别与退变性腰椎管狭窄症及正常国人脊柱骨盆参数进行比较,采用两独立样本t检验比较两组参数间的差异。结果退变性腰椎滑脱组PI[(57.67±11.78)°]、SS[(37.83±9.17)°]、LL[(54.65±11.45)°]明显大于退变性腰椎管狭窄症组[(44.47±8.75)°,(28.18±9.02)°,(38.97±15.59)°]及正常参考值[(44.75±9.01)°,(33.57±7.64)°,(48.75±10.03)°](P0.05);退变性腰椎滑脱组L4S[(8.18±9.98)°]、L5S[(19.96±8.33)°]明显大于退变性腰椎管狭窄症组[(3.32±7.95)°,(10.87±8.02)°](P0.05);退变性腰椎滑脱PR-L4[(57.63±13.44)°]、PR-L5[(45.76±10.92)°]及PR-S1[(27.91±10.41)°]明显小于退变性腰椎管狭窄症组[(65.48±10.70)°,(56.33±9.15)°,(38.63±7.29)°](P0.05)。结论高PI可能引起退变性腰椎滑脱发生及发展,L5椎体倾斜角是退变性腰椎滑脱发生的预测因素之一,退变性腰椎滑脱下腰椎骨盆前凸明显小于退变性腰椎管狭窄症。     

MRI下小关节积液与退变性腰椎滑脱症的关系研究

目的 探讨磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)下小关节积液与退变性腰椎滑脱症的关系。方法 本研究选择2019年2月～2021年2月本院112例退变性腰椎滑脱症患者,男42例,女70例,年龄(61.33±5.93)岁;均为L_4-5滑脱。收集患者影像资料,MRI轴位片判断小关节积液情况,并设为积液组与未积液组。比较两组患者椎间盘Pfirrmann退变分级、椎体滑脱距离以及滑脱程度,并分析小关节积液宽度与Pfirrmann退变分级、椎体滑脱距离以及滑脱程度的相关性。结果 112例中,小关节积液54例,小关节积液平均宽度(2.90±0.45)mm。积液组病程、ODI指数显著高于未积液组(P<0.05);积液组Pfirrmann分级、椎体滑脱距离以及滑脱程度均显著高于未积液组(P<0.05);积液组小关节积液宽度与Pfirrmann分级、椎体滑脱距离以及滑脱程度均呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论 退变性腰椎滑脱症普遍存在腰椎小关节积液现象,且小关节积液与腰椎滑脱程度、椎间盘退变分级具有正相关关系,在退变性腰椎滑脱症的诊...     

退变性腰椎滑脱发病的相关因素探讨

[目的]探讨退变性腰椎滑脱发生的相关因素.[方法]2016年6月～2018年5月,198例腰腿疼痛患者纳入本研究.其中,退变滑脱组95例,无滑脱组103例.测量两组患者的BMI、骨盆入射角、骨盆倾斜体、骶骨倾斜角、腰骶角、腰椎前凸角;采用Kalichman关节突退变分级和Pfirrmann椎间盘退变分级评价退变程度.[...     

腰椎退变性滑脱与终板Modic改变的相关性研究

目的 :观察腰椎退变性滑脱患者腰椎终板的Modic改变情况,分析退变性滑脱与终板Modic改变之间的关系。方法:回顾性分析108例腰椎退变性滑脱症患者的MRI资料,观察腰椎滑脱节段与非滑脱节段终板Modic改变各型的发生率及分布情况,分析终板Modic改变与腰椎滑脱的相关性。结果:108例腰椎退变性滑脱患者共540个椎体中,Ⅰ度滑脱149个,Ⅱ度滑脱17个;L1椎体滑脱10个,L2椎体26个,L3椎体41个,L4椎体46个,L5椎体43个。108例腰椎退变性滑脱患者共计1080个腰椎终板,351个终板存在Modic改变,其中ModicⅠ型172个(15.93%),Ⅱ型144个(13.33%),Ⅲ型3个(0.28%),混合型32个(2.96%);L1/2节段34个(3.15%),L2/3节段61个(5.65%),L3/4节段65个(6.02%),L4/5节段77个(7.13%),L5/S1节段114个(10.56%)。腰椎滑脱节段终板的Modic改变发生率为75.30%,非滑脱节段终板的Modic改变发生率为13.50%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Spearman相关检验表明Modic改变和腰椎滑脱程度呈正相关(r=0.613,P0.05)。结论 :腰椎退变性滑脱患者滑脱节段终板的Modic改变多见,各型中以Ⅰ型多发,Modic改变的发生与滑脱程度呈正相关。     

关节面方向和终板倾斜角度对退变性腰椎滑脱的影响

目的探讨退变性L4-5滑脱的生物力学机制.方法测量L4～5关节面与椎体冠状面角度和L5终板倾斜的角度,并与同年龄组没有退变性腰椎滑脱的腰痛患者作对照,对有退变性滑脱病人的L4～5关节面与椎体冠状面角度和L5终板倾斜的角度与椎间隙的高度,腰椎的生理曲度进行相关性分析.结果有L4～5退变性腰椎滑脱的患者L4关节面较对照组更偏向于矢状位,L5终板倾斜度的增大,L4～5关节面的角度变大与椎间盘高度的降低及L5终板倾斜角度增大与腰椎曲度的减小有相关.结论在有L4～5退变性滑脱的病人中,L4～5关节面的方向更接近矢状位,L5椎体终板的倾斜度更大.     

退变性腰椎滑脱当前手术的进展和争议

退变性腰椎滑脱是在1955年由Newman首先提出,他记载了腰椎关节突关节退变性关节炎所产生具有完整椎弓的椎体的滑动。腰椎退变与退变性滑脱腰椎退变的病变基础是椎间盘,在其退变的基础上,脊椎的关节软骨、关节突及其韧带发生相关的变化,而出现神经根的压迫,腰椎的滑动。与之对应     

MRI矢状位及轴位参数与退变性腰椎不稳的相关性

目的 分析MRI矢状位及轴位参数与退变性腰椎不稳的相关性.方法 选择本院2018年11月～2020年10月收治的123例腰痛患者作为研究对象,根据是否存在腰椎不稳分为稳定组73例和不稳组50例,均进行MRI矢状位及轴位扫描.比较两组的腰骶角、黄韧带厚度、小关节积液宽度、腰椎间盘退变分级、小关节退变分级.结果 稳定组的腰骶角、黄韧带厚度、小关节积液宽度显著低于不稳组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).稳定组的腰椎间盘退变程度显著低于不稳组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).稳定组的小关节退变程度显著低于不稳组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Pearson相关分析显示,腰骶角、黄韧带厚度、小关节积液宽度、腰椎间盘退变分级、小关节退变分级均与退变性腰椎不稳呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 MRI矢状位及轴位参数与退变性腰椎不稳有显著相关性,临床可根据患者腰骶角、黄韧带厚度等对退变性腰椎不稳进行防治.     

多裂肌萎缩的影像学评价与退变性腰椎滑脱的临床相关性分析

目的 探讨退变性腰椎滑脱患者多裂肌萎缩程度与腰椎滑脱程度和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)的相关性.方法 回顾性评估了上海市第一人民医院2017年2月—2019年12月收治的62例退变性腰椎滑脱患者,所有患者均拍摄腰椎正侧位X线片和腰椎MRI检查,使用图像处理软件Image Pro Plus计算滑脱节段和滑脱相邻...     

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion

This paper reports the posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) that has been performed on fourteen patients. It includes 6 cases of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, 3 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis, 2 cases of postoperative recurrence of lumbar disc protrusion, 2 cases of unstable prolapse of intervertebral disc, 1 cases of consequent spinal canal stenosis after lumbar lamina fusion. As a result 92 per cent of the operations are successful. The method of operation and it's modification are reported in detail. The indication of operation and the evaluative criteria of interbody bone union discussed. The intact of lumbar posterior structures, the condition of bone grating bed, the quality and disperse of bone graft are main factors that influencing bone union. Bleeding from venous plexus of spinal canal and from vertebral cancellous bone, injury of lumbosacral nerve root and cauda equina are the main surgical complications that should be stressed.     

SF钢棒在胸腰椎骨折及滑脱治疗中的应用

目的 总结ＳＦ内固定器治疗胸腰椎骨折及滑脱的临床疗效。方法 应用ＳＦ钢棒治疗胸腰椎骨折及滑脱１８例,根据正位Ｘ线椎弓根投影确定进钉点,根据骨折及滑脱部位选择合适的钢棒。如为滑脱,则应用提拉螺钉复位,保持螺钉尾部钢槽与连接杆纵轴一致。比较术前术后椎 高度和椎间隙宽度。结果 平均随访１０个月,脱位及压缩畸形复位率达９０％以上,不全瘫１２例全部恢复,全瘫１例部分恢复。结论ＳＦＭ人固定器连接杆设计成弧形而     

腰椎手术中的移行椎问题

目的：探讨移位椎的定位方法和移行椎对腰椎手术的影响。方法：回顾性分析了52例腰椎疾患手术治疗的病例，其中腰椎间盘突出症26例，腰椎骨折15例，腰椎滑脱9例，腰椎结核2例，术前均经过X线摄片、CT或MRI检杳。结果：腰部疾患合并移行椎的病例并不少见，本组病例占同期腰椎手术病人的5．3％。腰椎出现移行椎，其定位则石L4—S1，L5—L6，L6—S1。结论：腰部疾患合并移行椎时，腰椎数量发生改变，定位诊断非常重要。要确定手术部位，X线定位片(包括术中X线透视定位)、CT或MRI片缺一不可，但必须注意的是，腰椎CT和MRI检查结果是以骶椎为基准定位，也就是从下往上定位，普通X线片是从上往下序列，两定位诊断的差异，手术时必须高度重视。     

Guidelines for the management of lumbosacral spondylolisthesis associated with scoliosis.

Lumbosacral spondylolisthesis, when it is associated with scoliosis, presents special problems which require special consideration in management. Lumbosacral spondylosisthesis associated with a major thoracic curve, presents two separate problems. Treatment of the lumbosacral spondylolisthesis depends upon the severity of the lesion and symptoms. The thoracic curve is treated as required, depending upon the severity of the scoliosis and the stage of spinal maturation. Lumbosacral spondylolisthesis associated with a thoracolumbar or lumbar curve requires treatment of the curves above, along with the spondylolisthesis. Do not fuse the lumbosacral joint in an uncorrected position.     

单侧椎弓根钉固定结合单枚融合器治疗腰椎不稳症

目的：探讨经椎间孔入路单侧椎弓根钉固定结合单枚融合器治疗腰椎不稳症的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2009年至2012年收治且获得8个月以上随访腰椎不稳症50例,均有顽固性或反复下腰痛,有单侧或单侧为主的下肢放射痛,X线片及CT片显示腰椎不稳。采用经椎间孔入路单枚融合器椎间融合,结合单侧或双侧椎弓根钉固定治疗。根据固定方法不同,分为单侧固定组和双侧固定组。单侧固定组20例22间隙,男8例,女12例;年龄26-66岁;峡部裂性Ⅰ度滑脱2例,退行性滑脱8例,腰椎间盘突出症10例;融合部位L3,41例,L4,512例,L5S19例。双侧固定组30例30间隙,男14例,女16例;年龄41-62岁;峡部裂型Ⅰ度滑脱4例,退行性滑脱14例,腰椎间盘突出症12例;融合部位L3,43例,L4,515例,L5S112例。分析两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、并发症情况,并对其椎间隙高度、前凸角的变化、融合率及临床疗效等进行比较。结果：两组患者术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,腰痛基本消失,下肢放射痛均消失,无感染、硬脊膜损伤等发生。单侧固定组术后无医源性神经症状,双侧固定组术后1例足下垂。所有患者获得随访,时间8-18个月,平均（10.8±4.3）个月。临床疗效按照JOA评分好转率（RIS）评定,两组均获得较好临床疗效,且两组融合率比较差异无统计学意义,两种内固定治疗方法均能有效增加病变椎间隙高度。单侧固定组较双侧固定组手术时间更短,术中出血和术后引流量更少。结论：只要严格掌握手术适应证,注意手术操作技巧,经椎间孔入路单枚融合器加单侧椎弓根钉治疗腰椎不稳症具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、经济实用等优点。     

Lumbar trapezoid plate for lumbar spondylolisthesis. A clinical study on preoperative and postoperative instability

The authors studied the effects of a "lumbar trapezoid plate" (spinal plate and pedicle screwing), performed for lumbar spondylolisthesis, observing the effect on the remaining adjacent discs with regard to preoperative and postoperative instability. The authors examined changes in preoperative and postoperative lumbar ROM (range of motion), displacement of motor unit levels, and occurrence of instability in the remaining discs, such as horizontal and rotational displacement, in 26 patients who were followed up for a mean of 29 postoperative months; 13 patients had spondylolytic spondylolisthesis and 13 patients degenerative spondylolisthesis. The authors studied the effects of the fused vertebral angle and reduction of spondylolisthesis on the remaining upper and lower adjacent discs and the preoperative and postoperative fused disc heights. Intervertebral fusion must affect the remaining adjacent discs, but compensatory function of the remaining motor unit level was more influenced by the fused intervertebral angle than by repositioning of the spondylolisthesis. Fusion at a physiologically lordotic position is quite necessary. For this purpose, it is considered important to prevent grafted bones of the posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) from collapse and to maintain the achieved alignment of the lumbar spine.     

Translaminar screw fixation in lumbar spine pathology

Summary Two technical variations of the method of translaminar screw fixation for unstable lumbar and lumbosacral segments are presented. Distraction-arthrodesis with intraarticular bone grafts allows definitive enlargement of narrowed foramina with consecutive root decompression as well as repositioning and intracanalicular decompression in cases of instability after lumbar disc surgery and in degenerative spondylolisthesis. Reconstruction of a hemilamina after hemilaminectomy and facet reduction allows reconstitution of the spinal canal and its posterior parts as well as direct treatment of intraforaminal pathology.     

Results of lumbosacral distraction spondylodesis for the treatment of spondylolisthesis,failed-back syndrome,and lumbar instability

Summary Various methods of lumbosacral fusions for the treatment of degenerative spinal diseases are used clinically. Results vary greatly depending on indication, type of fusion, implants, and method of evaluation. In a retrospective clinical and radiological examination after an average follow-up time of 3.9 years this study reports on the outcome of lumbosacral distraction spondylodesis (LSDS) in a consecutive series of 147 patients being fused for the treatment of spondylolisthesis, failed-back syndrome, or lumbar instability. LSDS consists of a posterolateral fusion together with an autologous corticocancellous H-graft wedged under distraction between the spinous processes of L4 and S1. With 81.0% good and excellent results this noninstrumented fusion technique showed the best outcome in patients with spondylolisthesis, while in cases with a failed-back syndrome or lumbar instability only 62.3% excellent to satisfying outcomes were noted. The rate of pseudarthrosis was 13.6% in the whole patient group; no major complications such as nerve root damage, postoperative neurological deficits, or spinal stenosis were found.     

退行性腰椎滑脱伴腰椎管狭症的手术治疗

目的探讨退变性腰椎滑脱伴椎管狭窄症的手术治疗。方法回顾性分析 84例退变性腰椎滑脱伴腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗结果。其中男性 33例 ,女 5 1例 ;年龄 4 3～ 79岁 ,平均 5 6 .1岁 ;包括Ⅰ°滑脱 5 1例 ,Ⅱ°滑脱 33例。33例接受单侧或双侧椎板开窗减压术 ,5 1例接受全椎板切除减压、植骨融合椎弓根螺钉内固定术。结果 84例经过平均 5年 3个月的随访 ,两种手术方法疗效优良率分别是 90 .90 %、84 .2 7% ,两种疗效无显著性差别 (P >0 .0 5 )。手术并发症发生率为 9.0 9%、17.6 4 % ,亦无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论对于腰椎管狭窄症伴腰椎滑脱症手术适应症和减压范围要掌握恰当 ,二种手术方式减压均可以取得满意疗效。