老年勃起功能障碍病人血流动力学探讨

目的 探讨老年人血管因素在勃起功能障碍中的作用。方法 随机抽取40例勃起功能正常和59例勃起功能障碍老年人先以脉冲超声波多普勒探测阴茎背动脉横切面图形，再用微机图像扫描仪自动测量图形面积，最后计算出阴茎背动脉每分钟血流量。结果 勃起功能正常两年龄组间阴茎背动脉横切面积和血流量均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）；勃起功能正常与勃起功能障碍两组间阴茎背动脉横切面积有显著性差异（P＜0．05），血流量差别更显著（P＜0．01）。结论 根据血液流变学原理提示血管横切面积及血流量在老年勃起功能障碍中起重要作用。     

西地那非与勃起功能障碍

西地那非(Sildenafil,商品名:Viagre,万艾可)自去年7月在我国上市以来,作为勃起功能障碍(erectiledysfunction,ED)一线治疗首选的口服药,已广泛应用于临床.ED是老年男性的常见病,可伴发许多慢性疾病,医务人员对ED要有所了解,尤其是西地那非的药理作用、适应证和禁忌证、以及药物相互作用.     

加强老年性勃起功能障碍的临床研究

勃起功能障碍(简称ED)是指阴茎不能达到或不能维持足以进行满意性交的勃起.ED是中老年男性的常见病.早在19世纪,就有许多科学家在探讨正常的阴茎勃起的机理.目前被大家所接受的理论是,阴茎勃起过程是一系列的神经血管活动.勃起的程度取决于动脉流入血量和静脉流出血量之间的平衡.当动脉流入血量低并与静脉流出量平衡时,阴茎处于松弛状态.当动脉流入增加,而静脉流出减少时,阴茎因含血量增加而肿大并坚硬,这就是勃起.     

老年人勃起功能障碍的临床特点

勃起功能障碍 (ED)是成年男性的常见病 ,其发病率随年龄增长而增加〔1〕。本研究结合国际勃起功能指数 - 5 (IIEF- 5 )分析老年勃起功能障碍的临床特点。1　对象与方法1.1　一般资料　 1998年 4月～ 1999年 10月门诊 6 0岁以上老年 ED患者 48例 (老年组 ) ,年龄 6 0～ 74岁 (中位年龄 6 4.5岁 )。病程 0 .6～ 2 4年 (平均 6 .2年 )。伴随高危因素者 31例 ,糖尿病 7例 ,心脏病 4例。同期 40岁以下 ED患者 40例作为对照组 ,年龄 2 5～ 40岁 (中位年龄 37岁 )。病程 0 .4～ 10年 (平均3.8年 )。 8例患者伴有高危因素 ,其中伴血脂异常者 6例…     

男性高血压患者血压晨峰与勃起功能障碍的关系

目的:探讨男性高血压患者血压晨峰与勃起功能障碍(ED)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)的关系.方法:选择2017年1月至2020年12月在天津市第一中心医院心内科门诊就诊和住院的40～60岁男性原发性高血压患者200例为研究对象,根据24 h动态血压监测结果,收缩压晨峰值≥35 mmHg(1 mmHg=...     

抗高血压药物与勃起功能障碍

高血压及勃起功能障碍(ED)是严重威胁中老年人健康和生活质量的疾病,常用抗高血压药物对性功能有不同的影响.本文就常用抗高血压药物与ED的关系及其可能机制作一综述.     

阿托伐他汀对男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍的影响

目的探讨阿托伐他汀对男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍(ED)的影响。方法入选我院2003-07-2006-06收治的男性轻中度高血压病人838例,随机分为两组:常规降压(对照组,n=374)和常规降压+阿托伐他汀(治疗组,n=369)。两组均先给予硝苯地平缓释片+依那普利进行常规降压治疗,如血压不能达标,加用氢氯噻嗪12.5mg/d。降压达标后治疗组加用阿托伐他汀10mg/d,对照组治疗方案不变。每4周随访1次,总共随访36周,调查分析治疗前后ED患病情况。结果治疗组有369例,对照组有374例完成随访,治疗前两组的ED患病率为60.2%vs60.9%(P>0.05),差异无统计学意义。治疗后加用阿托伐他汀组的ED患病率为46.3%vs对照组63.7%(P<0.01),差异有非常显著意义。结论阿托伐他汀可改善男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍。     

阿托伐他汀对男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍的影响

目的 探讨阿托伐他汀对男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍(ED)的影响.方法 入选我院2003-07-2006-06收治的男性轻中度高血压病人838例,随机分为两组:常规降压(对照组,n=374)和常规降压 阿托伐他汀(治疗组,n=369).两组均先给予硝苯地平缓释片 依那普利进行常规降压治疗,如血压不能达标,加用氢氯噻嗪12.5 mg/d.降压达标后治疗组加用阿托伐他汀10 mg/d,对照组治疗方案不变.每4周随访1次,总共随访36周,调查分析治疗前后ED患病情况.结果 治疗组有369例,对照组有374例完成随访,治疗前两组的ED患病率为60.2% vs 60.9%(P＞0.05),差异无统计学意义.治疗后加用阿托伐他汀组的ED患病率为46.3% vs 对照组63.7%(P＜0.01),差异有非常显著意义.结论 阿托伐他汀可改善男性高血压患者勃起功能障碍.     

抗高血压药物与勃起功能障碍

高血压及勃起功能障碍(ED)是严重威胁中老年人健康和生活质量的疾病，常用抗高血压药物对性功能有不同的影响。本文就常用抗高血压药物与ED的关系及其可能机制作一综述。     

老年性勃起功能障碍的临床特点

目的 通过对老年性勃起功能障碍(ED)患者回顾性研究,探讨其发病规律和临床特点.方法 将ED患者分为2组,老年性ED组(49例)和非老年性ED组(425例).统计各组患者年龄、病程、既往病史(糖尿病、高血压、高血脂)以及国际勃起功能指数评分表(IIEF-5)、夜间阴茎涨大试验(NPT)、阴茎海绵体注射试验(ICI)结果.结果 与非老年性ED患者相比,老年性ED患者病程长,同时患有糖尿病、高血压、高血脂的患者比例明显升高(分别为61%、78%、37%).老年性ED患者IIEF-5评分明显降低,患有重度ED比例明显升高.老年性ED患者平均夜间勃起事件明显减少,每次勃起平均时间明显减少,平均阴茎容量峰/基线比率也明显降低.注射前列地尔后,阴茎海绵体动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)及阻力指数(RI)明显小于非老年性ED患者,舒张末期流速(EDV)高于非老年性ED患者.结论 老年性ED以器质性病变为主,病程长,程度重,其中尤以血管性ED发病率较高.血管病变导致的阴茎海绵体动脉供血不足和静脉关闭不全是老年性ED发病机制中重要环节.     

Intracavernous pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction

With the advent of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibition as oral therapy, intracavernous injection of vasoactive agents has been relegated to second-line therapy for most patients with erectile dysfunction. However, the future of this category of agents remains bright as an ever-expanding number and combination of agents in use and under investigation will likely make intracavernous injection more appealing as greater efficacy, tolerability, and more rapid onset is attained. In this article, functional anatomy and physiology of human penile erection is reviewed, as are current clinical vasoactive agents including prostaglandin E-1, papaverine, and phentolamine. Emerging therapies discussed include guanylate cyclase activators, potassium channel openers, nitric oxide donors, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, selective alpha-1 receptor antagonists, and gene therapy. Ongoing research continues to define new roles for this effective and safe technique, which has withstood the test of time, restoring erectile function among patients with diverse ED etiologies and a variety of co-morbidities.     

The impact of depression,microvasculopathy, and fibrosis on development of erectile dysfunction in men with systemic sclerosis

This article is a small case series that aims to discuss the impact of depression, vascular, and fibrotic changes on development of erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this paper, we present five male patients with SSc, aged 30–48 years. All patients are nonsmokers, and their past medical history does not reveal any other diseases or treatment procedures (drugs) that may have influence on erectile function. We used a five-item questionnaire, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), to assess ED in our patients. Microvascular abnormalities (estimated by nailfold capillaroscopy), fibrotic changes (assessed by skin score, chest X-ray and reduction in forced vital capacity), and presence of depression (estimated using the Beck’s Depression Inventory) were evaluated. To assess efficacy of sildenafil citrate (25–50 mg 1 h before each sexual activity), patients with ED filled up the IIEF-5 before and after 1-month therapy. We concluded that ED is a frequent and early clinical feature in men with SSc. Microvascular abnormalities are similar in patients with and without ED. Although patients with ED had higher depression indices, an unsatisfactory response to sildenafil citrate indicates that psychoneurogenic factors are not crucial in development of ED in SSc. Patients with ED had more extended fibrotic changes, which indirectly suggests that fibrosis of the corporal body may play the main role in the pathogenesis of ED in SSc.     

The diabetes physician and an assessment and treatment programme for male erectile impotence

The feasibility has been investigated of a physician in a district general hospital implementing an assessment and treatment service for male erectile impotence. Over an 8-month period a questionnaire was given to 200 men attending a diabetes review clinic. There were 50 replies declaring a problem of impotence, 34 of whom expressed interest in discussing treatment. These men and 17 others who spontaneously mentioned an impotence problem were further assessed with a view to treatment. After a full assessment and discussion the following treatments were agreed and successfully implemented: no treatment 30 (59%), self-injection of papaverine 12 (24%), urology referral 4 (8%), psychosexual clinic referral 2 (4%), vacuum devices 2 (4%), adjustment of drug therapy 1 (2%). Only 18% of questionnaire respondents ultimately opted for active treatment compared with 88% of the spontaneous complaints. A successful impotence assessment and treatment service, including self-injection of vasoactive drugs, can be provided by a physician as part of the diabetes care service. Active treatment is gratefully accepted. The numbers involved are manageable if resources are concentrated on those spontaneously mentioning the problem. Our experience suggested self-injection of vasoactive drugs to be the most successful treatment option.     

Regular intercourse protects against erectile dysfunction: Tampere Aging Male Urologic Study

Background

Erectile dysfunction is common among men aged more than 60 years. Its cause involves both physiologic and psychosocial factors.

Methods

To evaluate the effects of coital frequency on subsequent risk of erectile dysfunction, data were analyzed from a population-based 5-year follow-up study that was conducted in Pirkanmaa, Finland, using postal questionnaires. Assessment was based on the 5-item version of the validated International Index of Erectile Function. Men with erectile dysfunction at entry were excluded from the analysis. The study sample consisted of 989 men aged 55 to 75 years (mean 59.2 years). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (32%), heart disease (12%), depression (7%), diabetes (4%,) and cerebrovascular disorder (4%).

Results

The overall incidence of moderate or complete erectile dysfunction was 32 cases per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 27-38). After adjustment for comorbidity and other major risk factors, men reporting intercourse less than once per week at baseline had twice the incidence of erectile dysfunction compared with those reporting intercourse once per week (79 vs 33/1000, incidence rate ratio 2.2, 95% CI, 1.3-3.8). The risk of erectile dysfunction was inversely related to the frequency of intercourse. No relationship between morning erections and incidence of moderate or severe erectile dysfunction was found.

Conclusion

Regular intercourse protects against the development of erectile dysfunction among men aged 55 to 75 years. This may have an impact on general health and quality of life; therefore, doctors should support patients' sexual activity.     

健康成年男子性激素水平调查

目的调查健康成年男子的性激素水平。方法2002年5月～2003年5月在北京、上海、西安和重庆检查20岁以上健康成年男子1080例,按年龄分为5组,进行了全面体检,并在次晨07:30～08:30肘静脉采血测定黄体生成激素(LH),卵泡刺激激素(FSH),总睾酮(TT),雌二醇(E2)和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG),计算游离睾酮(cFT)。结果 随着年龄的老化,血清LH,FSH,E2和SHBG水平逐渐增高,cFT逐渐下降,TT无显著变化。以20-39岁值作为基础,单侧下限正常值范围cFT为0.276 nmol/L,TT为11.659 nmol/L。结论 我们的调查揭示了健康成年男子性激素随年龄老化的变化规律,提出了睾酮水平降低的参考界限值。     

Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population

BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, the burden of disease attributed to erectile dysfunction (ED) has not been adequately quantified across a complete spectrum of age and race using a global disease definition, as recommended by the National Institutes of Health consensus statement. To obtain a better understanding of the national estimates of prevalence and risk factors for ED, we analyzed data from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collects data by household interview. The sample design is a stratified, multistage, probability sample of clusters of persons representing the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Data include medical histories in which specific queries are made regarding urological symptoms (including ED). These items were selected for analysis in 3566 men, 20 years and older. RESULTS: In men 20 years and older, ED affected almost 1 in 5 respondents. Hispanic men were more likely to report ED (odds ratio [OR], 1.89), after controlling for other factors. The prevalence of ED increased dramatically with advanced age; 77.5% of men 75 years and older were affected. In addition, there were several modifiable risk factors that were independently associated with ED, including diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.69), obesity (OR, 1.60), current smoking (OR, 1.74), and hypertension (OR, 1.56). CONCLUSIONS: The burden of ED on the US population is significant. Hispanic men had an elevated risk for ED, a finding that requires confirmation in prospective studies. Obesity, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes mellitus are significantly associated with ED risk. Mitigation of these risk factors may ameliorate the burden of ED.     

The treatment choice of elderly patients with erectile dysfunction

The aim of this study was to determine treatment preference, commitment to choice of therapy, and the influence of physical disability on treatment choice in a geriatric group of males with erectile dysfunction (E.D.) of various etiologies. Eighty-nine patients aged 65 to 83 years (mean 69.5 years) were assessed and followed at our erectile dysfunction clinic from July 1991 to September 1996. Etiology of ED was based on clinical assessment. Available treatment options included oral medications, vacuum devices, injection therapy, penile prostheses, sex counseling and testosterone when indicated. Median follow-up since initial consultation was 9 months (range 1 to 63 months). Data was retrieved in a retrospective fashion from chart review and selective telephone follow-up. Clinical assessment yielded the following distribution of etiologies: vasculogenic (57.2%), neurogenic (7.9%), hormonal (1.1%), psychogenic (2.2%), and multifactorial (32.6%). The most popular initial treatment choices were injection therapy (30.3%), vacuum device (27.0%), and oral medication (20.2%). Of the 84 patients who chose to be treated, 34 (40.5%) elected to switch to a different form of therapy after a median time of 7.5 months (range 1 week to 63 months). Five patients tried a third form of therapy and two proceeded to a fourth. The remaining patients have continued with their original choice for a median time of 7 months (range 1 to 63 months). A greater drop-out rate (78%) amongst those who initially chose oral medication was statistically significant when compared to drop-out rates for injection therapy (48%) and vacuum devices (29%), p = 0.044 and p = 0.005, respectively. Significant physical disabilities in eight patients did not appear to influence their treatment selection. In conclusion, the elderly are a unique group of patients who are more likely to have an organic etiology to their erectile dysfunction. When they do present with erectile dysfunction, they are inclined to pursue treatment. The choices made by this group of men did not differ from impotent men in general. When unsatisfied with one form of therapy they were inclined to pursue an alternative treatment. A significant physical disability did not preclude a therapeutic choice.