特发性血小板减少性紫癜与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性研究

目的研究特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的相关性,观察抗Hp治疗对难治性ITP的疗效。方法对中国医科大学附属第一医院血液科2002年11月至2005年5月收治的48例ITP患者进行研究,正常对照组52例,因消化系统症状行胃镜和其他相关检查但未见明显异常的门诊患者。采用13C-尿素呼气试验及Hp血清抗体联合诊断Hp感染。对11例Hp感染阳性的难治性ITP患者抗Hp治疗,采用经典的三联药物,具体为奥美拉唑20mg口服,每日2次;克拉霉素500mg口服,每日2次;阿莫西林1g口服,每日2次,连用7d,4~8周后复查13C-尿素呼气试验、Hp血清抗体、血小板计数和血小板抗体。结果ITP组和正常对照组的Hp感染阳性率分别为68.18%(33/48),46.12%(24/52),ITP组Hp阳性率显著升高(P<0.05);11例常规治疗无效或复发患者并伴有Hp感染,有8例经上述治疗Hp感染转为阴性,该8例4~8周后血小板计数显著升高,其中6例血小板自身抗体消失,而Hp检测阴性患者和Hp感染未得以根治的患者随访时血小板抗体和血小板计数均无变化。结论ITP患者Hp感染阳性率高于正常人;对于Hp感染阳性的难治性ITP患者,根除Hp的方法治疗ITP是行之有效的。     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜与幽门螺杆菌的关系

目的:探讨特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的关系。方法:对33例ITP患者进行Hp的检测,并进行抗Hp的治疗,观察血小板的恢复情况。结果:Hp阳性的ITP患者,经抗Hp治疗后Hp阴转者的疗效好于未阴转及Hp阴性的患者。结论:Hp感染可能是ITP的发病原因之一。     

根除幽门螺杆菌后自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜的消退

意大利Franceschi等基于Hp感染可能参于一些自身免疫性疾病发病的假设,评估了根除Hp治疗对原发性自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(primary autoimmunethrombocvtopenic purpura,PATP)的影响。PATP的诊断标准为:血小板减少、抗血小板自身抗体阳性,排除血小板减少的继发原因。用~13C-尿素呼气试验检测Hp:用三联疗法根除Hp;治疗结束后6周重新评估Hp状态及进行血小板计数和抗血小板自身抗体测定。     

抗幽门螺杆菌治疗对慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者疗效观察

目的通过对特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)患者行抗幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染的临床研究,观察ITP与HP感染之间的关系以及抗HP在ITP患者治疗中的作用。方法2003-07~2003-12对解放军301医院17例慢性ITP患者采用14C尿素呼气试验进行HP检测,女11例,男6例,病程4个月至8年,并对阳性患者行奥美拉唑、克拉霉素及阿莫西林三联根除HP治疗,观察血小板情况。结果本组17例患者中HP阳性13例,阴性4例,抗HP后转阴11例,其中8例血小板水平较前有所提高。结论抗HP治疗确实可提高部分慢性ITP患者的血小板数。     

中西医结合治疗慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜60例

目的观察中西医结合治疗慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床疗效。方法将110例慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜病人随机分为两组,治疗组60例采用中药加泼尼松治疗,对照组50例单用泼尼松治疗,治疗半年后观察治疗有效率。结果治疗组显效47例,良效5例,进步3例,无效5例,总有效率91.67%;对照组显效31例,良效4例,进步2例,无效13例,总有效率74.00%,两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论中西医结合治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

地塞米松、环孢素A对慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者淋巴细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究在体外条件下,地塞米松和环孢素A对慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者外周血淋巴细胞凋亡的影响。方法用流式细胞仪测经地塞米松和环孢素A处理过的慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者淋巴细胞凋亡率。结果用地塞米松、环孢素A处理过的慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者淋巴细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论地塞米松和环孢素A能增加慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者淋巴细胞凋亡,是有效的免疫抑制药物,能针对慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者细胞免疫异常的发病机制进行治疗。     

丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的临床探讨

目的对丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的临床疗效进行探讨。方法随机抽取我院2011年1月-2013年12月治疗的80例小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿,分为两组:观察组与对照组,对照组患者使用地塞米松进行治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗方案的基础之上,再使用丙种球蛋白,对两组患者的治疗效果进行对比与分析。结果观察组患者的出血控制时间、治疗有效率、血小板上升时间等明显优于对照组,存在较大差异,具备统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜治疗中的应用,不仅能够改善患儿的临床表现,而且能够大大提高小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿的血小板水平,治疗效果较为明显,具有非常重要的意义,值得在临床治疗中进行大范围的推广与应用。     

急性心肌梗死并特发性血小板减少性紫癜一例并文献复习

目的报道急性心肌梗死合并特发性血小板减少性紫癜的诊断、治疗并复习既往相关文献,以提高对该病的认识。方法对1例急性心肌梗死合并特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者的诊治过程进行分析,并检索Medline及中国知网全文期刊数据库、万方中文数据库中的病例,分析总结其临床资料、是否行经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)、术前血小板数量、术中使用普通肝素/低分子肝素以及术后使用抗血小板药物的情况。结果共检出合格的文献14篇,共10例符合条件的患者入选。结论急性心肌梗死合并特发性血小板减少性紫癜发生率低,在明确诊断及正确评估患者病情的情况下,行PCI术、进行抗凝抗血小板治疗是比较安全的。     

幽门螺杆菌与特发性血小板减少性紫癜发病关系的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的发病有关。约50%Hp阳性ITP患者根除Hp后血小板减少症得以完全或部分缓解。目前Hp相关ITP的发病机制尚不完全清楚,此文就其发病机制研究进展作一综述。     

丙球联合地塞米松对小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的疗效

目的对丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的治疗效果进行了观察。方法笔者将从2008年5月到2013年11月来我院就诊的62例小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者作为研究对象,将其分为对照组和观察组两组,其中对照组只给予地塞米松进行治疗,而观察组采用丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松的方法来进行治疗,观察两组患者的治疗有效率、血小板计数变化以及体征及症状改善时间。结果经过治疗,对照组中的31例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿中,有明显效果的共有14例,有效的共有12例,进步的共有3例,无效的共有2例,治疗有效率为83.9%;而在观察组31例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿中,有明显效果的共有17例,有效的共有11例,进步的共有2例,无效的1例,治疗有效率为90.3%,两组患者的有效率差异比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。此外,给予丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松方法治疗的观察组的出血症状消失时间、血小板上升时间、血小板恢复正常时间以及住院时间等各项指标与对照组的差异比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丙种球蛋白联合地塞米松对于治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜有明显效果,可以大大缩短患者的住院时间,值得推广。     

兰索拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、替硝唑联合根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的评价兰索拉唑（达克普隆）、羟氨苄青霉素、替硝唑三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）相关性消化性溃疡的疗效。方法将８７例Ｈｐ阳性的十二指肠和（或）胃溃疡患者随机分为２组：第１组４３例,每次口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ、羟氨苄青霉素１０００ｍｇ、替硝唑５００ｍｇ,均每日２次,２周为一疗程;第２组４４例,给药方式同第１组,只是疗程缩短为１周,疗程结束后继续每日口服兰索拉唑３０ｍｇ,持续１周。疗程结束达４周时复查胃镜及Ｈｐ。３５例Ｈｐ根除后６个月行１４Ｃ－尿素呼气试验（ＵＢＴ）。结果第１组有３例因过敏性皮疹而退出观察,４０例用于统计学分析。第１组和第２组的Ｈｐ根除率分别为９００％和８１８％,十二指肠溃疡和胃溃疡的愈合率分别为９２５％和８８６％。６个月的Ｈｐ再感染率为８６％。结论第１组Ｈｐ根除率和溃疡愈合率均略高于第２组,两组相比差异无显著性（Ｐ＞００５）。两组均有较理想的溃疡愈合率和Ｈｐ根除率。     

332例幽门螺杆菌感染老年患者多次根除治疗的疗效研究

目的总结分析幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染老年患者多次根除Hp治疗后的根除率,探讨反复多次根除Hp治疗疗效及与相关因素的关系。方法回顾性分析Hp检测阳性的老年病例332例,符合Hp根除治疗的标准,曾多次行抗Hp根除治疗,每次治疗停药1个月后均行13C-尿素呼气试验,有明确随访结果。将收集的病例进行统计学率的计算,多个率的比较采用卡方检验。结果332例老年患者经第一次抗Hp根除治疗,211例患者13C-尿素呼气试验检测证实Hp为阴性;首次治疗后检测仍为阳性的121例患者,有117例行第二次抗Hp根除治疗,89例患者治疗后行13C-尿素呼气试验证实Hp检测为阴性;检测仍为阳性的28例患者中有16例进行第三次根除治疗,13例患者治疗1个月后行13C-尿素呼气试验检测证实为阴性。结论对有根除指征的Hp反复阳性老年患者进行及时有效的根除治疗很有必要。反复多次根除治疗时,个体化调整治疗方案,以四联治疗为主,将治疗时间由1周延长为2周,对于提高Hp感染根除率可能有益。     

幽门螺杆菌阳性胃溃疡除菌治疗的临床研究

目的研究根除幽门螺杆菌（Hp）治疗对Hp阳性的胃溃疡愈合率、愈合质量及复发的影响。方法将68例Hp阳性的胃溃疡患者随机分为除菌组和非除菌组，除菌组给予奥美拉唑20mg＋阿莫西林0．5g＋呋喃唑酮0．1g口服，2次／d，1周后奥美拉唑改为20mg，1次／d，共治疗4周。非除菌组单独给予奥美拉唑，剂量方法同上。分别于4周及1年后复查胃镜。结果除菌组和非除菌组比较，4周后溃疡愈合率差异无统计学意义（分别为97．4％和90％，P〉0．05），但两组溃疡愈合质量比较差异有统计学意义。1年后两组溃疡复发率比较，除菌组低于非除菌组，差异有统计学意义（分别为6．7％和59．3％，P〈0．01），Hp根除率除菌组高于非除菌组，差异有统计学意义（分别为86．7％和3．7％，P〈0．01）。结论Hp感染与胃溃疡存在相关性，根除Hp治疗不仅可以提高溃疡的愈合质量，而且还可以减少溃疡的复发。     

Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura-a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori was reported to increase the platelet counts in some H. pylori-positive patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (cITP). However, the efficacy of the eradication was quite different according to the previous reports. To determine whether H. pylori infection can contribute to cITP, we performed a randomized controlled trial for the first time. In addition, to investigate the possible pathogenic mechanisms and to predict the platelet response after eradication of H. pylori in each cITP patient, several H. pylori virulence factors, the urease activities of the infected H. pylori strains, and the titers of anti-CagA IgG antibodies were analyzed. METHODS: Patients with cITP underwent gastroscopy and gastric H. pylori infection was confirmed by culture. H. pylori-positive cITP patients were randomly assigned to either the eradication or the non-eradication group. The eradication group received a standard antibiotic therapy for H. pylori. Response to treatment was defined as complete (CR) if the platelet count was above 150x10(3)/microl and partial (PR) if the platelet count increased by more than 50x10(3)/microl above the pretreatment count. The virulence factors were investigated by PCR and PCR-based direct sequencing. Anti-CagA IgG antibody titer of each patient's serum was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Of the 36 ITP patients, 25 (69.4%) were positive for H. pylori and eradication was achieved in 84.6% of these patients. The platelet response was significantly different between the eradication group (46.2%) and the non-eradication group (0%). No significant differences were found in clinical factors between the responders and the nonresponders. H. pylori virulence factors and the urease activity were not associated with the response. The titers of anti-CagA antibodies in the responders were significantly higher than those in the nonresponders (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori eradication treatment is a favorable therapeutic option for H. pylori-positive patients with cITP. Moreover, an ELISA titer of serum anti-CagA antibody may be a good predictor of platelet recovery, and immunological reaction between platelet and anti-CagA antibodies may have some relation to the pathogenesis of H. pylori-positive patients with cITP.     

幽门螺杆菌感染对胃上皮细胞凋亡的影响

为进一步探讨幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）的致病机制，应用切口末端标记方法前瞻性观察了１６名正常人胃粘膜标本和３１例Ｈｐ阳性胃炎患者抗Ｈｐ治疗前后胃窦上皮细胞凋亡指数（ＡＩ）的变化。结果表明，正常胃窦上皮细胞ＡＩ为１．３±０．６，Ｈｐ阳性胃炎ＡＩ为７．１±１．６，明显高于正常（Ｐ＜０．００１）；根除Ｈｐ后，ＡＩ显著下降至正常水平，Ｈｐ未根除的Ｈｐ阳性胃炎ＡＩ无明显下降；Ｈｐ阳性胃炎的ＡＩ与炎症程度无关。提示Ｈｐ感染能引起胃上皮细胞凋亡，这可能是Ｈｐ损伤胃粘膜的重要机制。     

Methods to optimize the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The comparative efficacy of the triple and quadruple therapy used as a first line therapy]

The study involved a dynamic comparative efficacy survey of the standard triple and quadruple therapies recommended by the Maastricht Consensus as first line therapies for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection with the time period of 5 years. The study included 199 Hp-positive patients with stomach ulcer; 101 of them were under examination in 1997 and 98 in 2002. Depending on the therapy type, patients were assigned to one of two groups: the OCM/A group (48 and 53 patients in 1997 and 2002, respectively) was treated with Omeprazole, Clarithromycin and Metronidazole for 7 days and ODTM group (46 and 52 patients in 1997 and 2002, correspondingly) was treated with Omeprazole, De-Nol, Tetracycline and Metronidazole. To discover and confirm Hp eradication, cytological, histological and rapid urease tests were used. Hp eradication was considered as successful when all the tests were negative. The eradication frequency was assessed with the help of ITT and PP analyses. In the OCM/A group Hp was eradicated in 81.3% and 62.3% (p<0.05) of patients when analyzed by the intention-to-treat and in 88.6% and 66.0% (p<0.01) of patients when analyzed by per-protocol in 1997 and 2002, respectively. In the ODTM group Helicobacter pylori was eradicated in 89.1% and 88.5% (p<0.05) of patients when analyzed by intention-to-treat and 95.3% and 93.9% (p<0.05) when analyzed by per-protocol in 1997 and 2002, respectively. The frequency of ulcer cicatrisation and cuticularization of erosions did not depend on the type of the treatment. There was no significant difference between the compliance and side effects of the triple and quadruple therapies. Taking into account the decrease in the efficacy of the triple anti-Hp therapy, the need to use the quadruple therapy as a first line therapy for Hp infection eradication was substantiated.     

Improvement of complete blood count in patients with iron deficiency anemia and Helicobacter pylori infection after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recent reports support the possible association between Hp infection and iron deficiency anemia. In the present study, the effects of the eradication therapy on iron deficiency anemia were investigated. METHODOLOGY: Fourteen women with iron deficiency anemia were enrolled (mean age: 36.4 years; range: 20-52 years old). None of the patients received iron supplementation. Several examinations including upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy were performed to reveal any gastrointestinal bleeding sites in all patients. Gastric biopsies during endoscopy were taken from the subjects except one whose serum anti-Hp IgG was positive. After diagnosing the Hp infection by means of microbiology, histology and Gram stain, a combination therapy consisting of lansoprosol, clarithromycin and amoxicillin was administered to each patient. Hematologic examinations and the body iron status were evaluated periodically, following the eradication therapy. RESULTS: Endoscopic findings were as follows: Seven patients with antral gastritis, two patients with pangastritis, whereas five patients were found to be endoscopically normal. None of the subjects were found to have gastrointestinal bleeding of any type. Serum hemoglobin, iron and transferrin saturations of the patients were found to be increased at 20-24 weeks of follow-up after the eradication therapy. Serum ferritin levels were not found to be increased. CONCLUSIONS: Hp infection may be involved in cases of iron deficiency anemia of unknown origin, and the eradication of the infection may improve blood parameters other than serum ferritin levels.     

金银花治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的临床对照研究

目的探讨金银花治疗幽门螺杆菌（Hp）相关性消化性溃疡（PU）与质子泵抑制剂三联疗法效果是否相当方法经内镜诊断和Hp快速尿素酶实验阳性的活动性PU154例，随机分甲组48例，单用自制金银花胶囊2粒（60g）；乙组56例，金银花胶囊2粒＋雷尼替丁150mg；丙组50例，奥美拉唑20mg＋羟氨苄青霉素1000mg＋甲硝唑400mg均为2次／d，餐后口服，服药2wk停药1wk后复查．结果甲、乙、丙3组治疗总有效率分别为72．9％，92．8％，94．0％；Hp清除率分别为64．60，87．5％，90．0％；各组疗效比较，丙＞乙＞甲，乙组与丙组效果接近．疗程中仅丙组有40％出现恶心和便秘副作用．各级2wk的药品费用（RMB）分别为甲组4元，乙组10元，丙组650元，差异非常显著．结论金银花加雷尼替丁治疗Hp相关性PU疗效和Hp清除率与质子泵抑制剂三联疗法相当，符合安全、高效、价廉的用药原则．     

胃黏膜炎症活动度对幽门螺杆菌阳性糖尿病胃轻瘫患者的治疗影响研究

目的观察根除幽门螺杆菌（Hp）对糖尿病胃轻瘫（DGP）患者的治疗作用及胃黏膜组织学改变对疗效的影响。方法 纳入100例Hp阳性DGP患者。治疗前胃镜及病理组织学检查以了解胃黏膜炎症情况。随机分为A、B两组。A组给予莫沙比利及雷尼替丁枸橼酸铋三联根除Hp治疗。B组采用莫沙比利及雷尼替丁枸橼酸铋治疗。记录患者治疗前、治疗4周及停药4周时的症状积分。结果 92例完成实验。A组治疗4周后症状积分明显下降（P〈0.01）,与停药4周后相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,二者均明显低于B组同期（P分别〈0.05,〈0.01）。B组症状积分在治疗4周后明显下降（P〈0.01）,停药4周后明显高于治疗4周后（P〈0.05）。A组胃黏膜有活动性炎症的患者治疗4周后及停药4周后症状积分均明显低于B组（P〈0.05或0.01）。非活动性炎症患者与B组差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。中重度活动性炎症组停药4周后症状积分明显低于轻度组（P〈0.05）;轻度活动性炎症组及非活动性炎症组均较治疗4周后明显升高（P〈0.01）,中重度活动性炎症组症状积分无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论 对Hp阳性的DGP患者,尤其是胃黏膜炎症活动度高者,根除Hp可明显提高疗效,并有效防止停药后症状复发。     

CYP2C19基因多态性对雷贝拉唑三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌疗效的影响

目的 分析CYP2C19基因多态性在含雷贝拉唑的不同三联方案中对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除率的影响。方法 连续收集128例Hp培养阳性的病人随机进入雷贝拉唑联合克拉霉素与羟氨苄青霉素方案(RAC)或雷贝拉唑联合羟氨苄青霉素与甲硝唑方案(RAM)进行1周根除治疗。治疗前CYP2C19基因多态性通过PCR-限制性片段长度多态性进行鉴定,治疗结束至少4周后Hp的状态用”C-呼气试验进行检测。结果 在128例病人中纯合子强代谢型(hom-Ems)、杂合子强代谢型(het-Ems)、弱代谢型(PMs)分别为30．5％、50．0％、19．5％。在无克拉霉素、甲硝唑耐药菌株的情况下,RAC方案与RAM方案的Hp根除率分别为98．1％与91．3％(按治疗方案分析)。但是,甲硝唑的耐药率高达66．8％,降低了RAM方案的Hp根除率。logistic回归分析显示不同的CYP2C19基因型对Hp的根除率没有显著的影响。结论 以雷贝拉唑为基础的三联疗法根除Hp无明显个体差异,RAC的治疗方案值得推荐。