银杏内酯注射液联合rt-PA静脉溶栓对急性缺血性脑卒中患者NIHSS评分及生活质量的影响

目的探讨银杏内酯注射液联合rt-PA静脉溶栓对急性缺血性脑卒中患者神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及生活质量的影响。方法选取2016年6月~2017年10月我院诊治的78例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=39)与研究组(n=39)。对照组在常规治疗基础上采取rt-PA静脉溶栓,24h后服用阿司匹林及氯吡格雷,研究组于对照组基础上采取银杏内酯注射液,两组均治疗14d。对比两组患者治疗前及疗程结束后生活质量(SF-36)及NIHSS分值、临床疗效。结果研究组治疗有效率89.74%(35/39),高于对照组69.23%(27/39)(P0.05);治疗前两组NIHSS及SF-36分值无明显差异(P0.05),疗程结束后两组SF-36分值均较治疗前增高,NIHSS分值较治疗前降低,且研究组SF-36分值高于对照组,NIHSS分值低于对照组(P0.05)。结论采取rt-PA静脉溶栓联合银杏内酯注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中,可有效恢复患者神经功能,改善其生活质量,提高治疗效果。     

心理护理干预在维持性血液透析患者护理中的应用

目的:探讨心理护理干预在维持性血液透析患者护理中的应用效果。方法:将173例维持性血液透析患者随机分为两组,其中干预组87例,对照组86例。对照组接受常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上接受心理护理干预。干预前和干预3个月后,分别采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和SF-36生活质量量表评估两组患者心理状态和生活质量并比较。结果:心理护理干预后,干预组SCL-90各项因子得分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.603,12.382,9.415,10.363,10.119,8.906,8.804,9.388,5.746;P0.05);干预组SF-36各个角度得分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=9.861,9.453,13.329,10.721,11.190,14.020,9.585,14.071;P0.05)。结论:心理护理干预可以有效改善维持性血液透析患者心理状况,提高患者生活质量。     

小组治疗对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者心理状况和糖代谢的影响

目的 探讨小组治疗方法 对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者心理状况及糖代谢的影响.方法 将67名Ⅱ型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组(n=34)和对照组(n=33).对照组采用降糖药物治疗,实验组在药物治疗的基础上进行小组治疗.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于干预前和干预后第12周末评定两组患者情绪变化,同时进行空服血糖(FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(2HPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、血脂(TC、TG、HDL-C)的实验室检查.结果 实验组干预后焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分明显低于对照组,差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).实验组干预后HbAlc、TG低于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论 小组治疗对改善糖尿病患者的心理状况和糖代谢指标有积极作用.     

原发性高血压住院患者实施系统性健康教育的干预效果

目的 评价原发性高血压住院患者实施系统性健康教育的干预效果.方法 320例原发性高血压住院患者随机分为干预组与非干预组,对干预组实施系统性健康教育,采用SF-36健康量表评价患者生活质量,同时观察血压变化情况,住院治疗2～4周后进行效果评价.结果 干预前两组的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均无统计学差异(P＞0.05),干预后其干预差值均存在显著性差异(P＜0.01).干预前两组各项生存质量指标均无统计学差异(P＞0.05),干预后干预组躯体疼痛、情感职能、精神健康明显优于非干预组(P＜0.05).结论 在药物治疗的基础上实施系统性健康教育能够更有效地控制患者血压,改善患者生活质量.     

血液灌流联合血液滤过在重症胰腺炎患者中的疗效及预后影响研究

目的 探讨血液灌流联合血液滤过在重症胰腺炎患者中的临床效果及对预后的影响。方法 取2015年1月~2016年12月医院收治重症胰腺炎患者60例,随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组采用血液灌流联合血液滤过治疗,采用SF-36生活质量评分量表对两组治疗前、治疗后生活质量进行评估,比较两组临床疗效。结果 观察组治疗后腹痛缓解、首次排便、血淀粉酶恢复正常、住院时间,均短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗过程中未出现并发症,对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组治疗前SF-36生活质量评分无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组治疗后SF-36生活质量评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 重症胰腺炎患者采用血液灌流联合血液滤过治疗效果理想,能改善患者预后,有助于改善患者生活质量,值得推广应用。     

时间护理对脑梗死患者康复效果的影响

目的：探究脑梗死患者时间护理的具体措施以及其对患者康复效果的临床影响。方法随机选取本院2012年~2013年收治脑梗死患者100例并将其分为对照组与实验组,每组均有患者50例。对照组接受常规脑梗死护理干预措施,实验组接受脑梗死时间护理措施,对比两组患者接受干预后各项指标。结果干预后实验组患者的生活能力、运动障碍以及生活质量分值均明显高于对照组,差异存在统计学意义(<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者在接受及时有效的对症治疗后其生活能力以及康复状况依然受到极大影响,因此合理护理措施具有重要临床应用价值。采用时间护理对脑梗死患者进行干预,能够在满足患者生理病理时间规律的基础上提高患者的预后以及生活质量,值得推广和普及。     

心理干预对慢性乙型肝炎患者肝功能和生活质量的影响

目的探讨心理干预对慢性乙型肝炎患者肝功能和生活质量的影响。方法实验组50例，在药物治疗的基础上进行心理干预，对照组40例单纯进行常规药物治疗，在干预前后分别测试慢性肝病问卷（CLDQ）和化验肝功，比较两次评估结果，以观察心理干预的效果。结果心理干预前两组患者肝功能、生活质量无差别，干预后两组患者ALT、AST、ALB差别有显著意义，除了腹部症状，生活质量其他各维度都有统计学意义。实验组经过心理干预生活质量各维度都有改善，但对照组生活质量的情感功能指标没有改善。结论在常规药物治疗基础上配合心理干预，可以有效改善慢性乙肝患者的肝功能和生活质量。     

齐拉西酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的比较齐拉西酮与氯氮平对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法选取84例患者，随机分为齐拉西酮组42例，氯氮平组42例，分别给予齐拉西酮和氯氮平治疗。疗程12周。在治疗前及治疗2、4、6、8、12周末分别采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、副反应量表（TESS）进行疗效、不良反应评定。在治疗前及治疗12周末分别采用生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI）、健康状况问卷（SF～36）进行生活质量评估，并对影响生活质量的某些因素进行多元逐步回归分析。结果两组治疗前后PANSS评分差异均有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），治疗后组间比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。治疗后齐拉西酮组GQOLI、SF-36评分均明显高于氯氮平组。精神症状、药物、不良反应和病程依次进入分裂症患者生活质量的多元回归方程。结论齐拉西酮与氯氮平对精神分裂症患者疗效相当，但生活质量优于氯氮平。     

小组干预对大学生生涯搜索效能感和生涯探索行为的影响

目的探讨以班杜拉的效能感理论为基础的小组干预对提高大学生生涯搜索效能感和生涯探索行为的效果;并比较不同干预方法的效果差异。方法将18名被试分为2个实验组和1个控制组,实验组进行5次小组干预,以生涯搜索自我效能量表（CSES）和生涯探索问卷（CEI）为前后测工具。结果实验组1和实验组2的后测分数均显著高于前测分数,而控制组前后测差异不显著。实验组2的后测分数均显著高于控制组,与实验组1差异不显著;而实验组1的后测分数除生涯探索问卷外,在效能感各维度均显著高于控制组。结论本研究的小组干预对于提高大学生的生涯搜索效能感和生涯探索行为有效,增加对工作世界的实践探索使干预效果更显著。     

心理护理对2型糖尿病患者不良情绪的干预效果分析

目的：观察心理护理对2型糖尿病患者不良情绪的干预效果。方法选择自2012年9月~2013年9月于我院接受治疗的80例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为实验组与对照组,两组均予以糖尿病的常规治疗,其中对实验组给以心理护理干预,两组患者在干预前和干预采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对患者焦虑和抑郁情绪进行评定,对实验结果进行统计学分析。结果对照组心理护理前后的焦虑和抑郁评分无显著差异,差异不具有统计学意义(跃0.05);实验组心理护理前后的焦虑和抑郁评分具有显著差异,差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。心理干预后,实验组与对照组的焦虑和抑郁评分具有显著差异,差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论心理护理、健康教育等干预手段,可使患者深入了解糖尿病,减少甚至消除患者的不良情绪,提高患者依从性,增加了患者的治疗信心,有助于患者的血糖控制,减少并发症发生。     

Patient knowledge of immunotherapy before and after an educational intervention: a comparison of 2 methods.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy is an invaluable therapy for allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, and hymenoptera hypersensitivity. It is, however, not without risks. OBJECTIVES: To examine patient knowledge regarding immunotherapy and to determine the most effective educational method to improve their knowledge by answering the following questions: Before educational intervention, what is the current knowledge level regarding allergy vaccinations of patients receiving immunotherapy? What effect does an educational encounter have on that level of knowledge? Which educational intervention--a one-on-one session vs a handout--if either, increases patient knowledge more? METHODS: An original, self-administered patient questionnaire was distributed to all patients receiving immunotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned to a control group, an intervention group that received an educational handout monthly for 2 months, or an intervention group that had a one-on-one educational session with a physician or nurse practitioner. After 3 months, all patients completed an identical follow-up questionnaire. Pretest and posttest scores were compared for each group and among the different groups to determine which method was more effective. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of instruction type on differences in pretest and posttest scores. RESULTS: All 3 groups significantly improved their mean overall questionnaire scores (P < .001). The amount of change was greater in the intervention groups than in the control group, but it did not reach statistical significance (P = .59). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline immunotherapy knowledge of allergy vaccination patients was better than expected, and further educational interventions did not significantly improve this knowledge.     

聋人大学生心理干预研究

目的 探讨聋人大学生心理问题干预方法及其效果,为学校心理健康教育提供理论依据.方法 从长沙职业技术学院随机抽取4个班的聋人大学生,将其随机分为实验组和对照组,对实验组学生进行连续1年的心理干预,并采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对全体学生进行干预前、后测试.结果 干预后,实验组学生在人际关系、...     

五年制师范女生主观幸福感的干预研究

目的 探索主观幸福感的干预方式及效果.方法 通过2个实验对九江某大学45名师范女生进行主观幸福感提升干预,验证干预效果.结果 实验组1后测、追踪测试主观幸福感得分高于前测,其中后测与前测差异更显著(F=9.10,P＜0.001);对照组组内差异不显著(F=1.65,P＞0.05);实验组2主观幸福感前测和追踪测试差异显著(t=2.58,P＜0.001).结论 日常积极活动,日常积极活动与团体辅导相结合的干预方式都可以提升学生主观幸福感,但后者的持续作用更为显著.     

音乐治疗团体干预在改善养老院老年人身心健康中的作用

目的：探讨音乐治疗团体干预对养老院老年人身心健康的干预效果以及性别、年龄、文化程度对干预效果的影响。方法：在河北衡水市选取两所养老院199名60岁及以上老年人,一所养老院的参与者为干预组(97人),接受音乐治疗团体干预,另一所养老院的参与者为对照组(102人),接受常规身心保健宣教。采用《老年人身心健康问卷》进行前测,并在干预结束2个月后进行追踪后测。结果：干预组与对照组的身心健康量表总分的后测与前测成绩差值有显著差异,分量表结果显示两组被试主要在身心状态、情绪状态、社会适应和人际关系上有显著差异,且性别能够显著预测干预效果。结论：音乐治疗团体干预对提升老年人身心健康有显著的作用,女性比男性改善效果更明显。     

Randomized clinical trial of computerized PAINRelieveIt® for patients with sickle cell disease: PAINReportIt® and PAINUCope®

ObjectiveTo compare effects of a tailored multimedia education program versus usual-care on barriers to pain management of adult patients with SCD.MethodsPretest/posttest randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 228 outpatients with SCD randomized to the tablet-based PAINUCope intervention focused on barriers to pain management, pain, and analgesic adherence or selection of games (control). Outcomes were barriers to pain management, pain, and analgesic adherence.ResultsThe barriers to pain management and pain scores did not change significantly from pretest to posttest for either condition. Changes in analgesic adherence rates from pretest to posttest were statistically significant for the intervention group (p = .046) but not for the usual care group (p = .419). The group difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsThis first RCT of a tailored multimedia education intervention with adult patients with SCD did not significantly reduce the outcomes of interest compared to the control group. Findings provide insights for improving intervention delivery and reinforcement of patient behaviors.Practice implicationsStudy redesign is warranted with modifications that include theoretical and methodological approaches and patient-centered delivery of the intervention that take advantage of recent technology developments.     

Facilitating the acquisition of basic counseling skills by modeling and language

This study investigated the effect of verbalizing a model's performance for the acquisition of counseling skills. Paraphrasing, a counseling skill used in microcounseling, was used as an index of the acquisition of counseling skills. Undergraduate students (N= 56) were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: self-verbalization group (n= 18), experimenter-verbalization group (n = 21), and non-verbalization control group (n = 17). Pretests, posttests, and follow-up tests (one week later) were used to examine paraphrasing scores. Modeling was practiced after the pretest. From the pretest to the posttest, all three groups showed a performance gain, although the self-verbalization group showed a greater performance gain than the other two groups. From the posttest to the follow-up test, the control group showed a performance loss, while the performance of the other two groups remained at the same level. These findings suggest that verbalization of a model's performance in microcounseling improves the acquisition and the maintenance of the counseling skills.     

聚焦解决模式对改善围术期食管癌患者焦虑抑郁的影响

目的:研究并探讨聚焦解决模式对改善围术期食管癌患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪的作用。方法:于2012年1月-2015年12月,选取哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院收治的100例食管癌手术患者作为研究对象,采取计算机随机抽取法将患者分为两组,每组50例。对照组实施常规护理模式干预,观察组在对照组的基础上实施聚焦解决模式护理干预。分别于干预前后对比两组患者的睡眠质量指数、焦虑评分、抑郁评分,并对比干预后两组患者的生活质量评分、护理满意度。结果:两组干预后均较干预前水平降低(F=744.043,1242.507,958.641;P=0.000),且观察组降低程度均大于对照组(F=41.929,32.376,38.523;P=0.000);观察组的躯体功能、心理健康、社会功能、物质生活等各项生活质量评分及生活质量总评分均较对照组明显更高(t=11.487,7.674,12.017,7.331,9.735;P0.05);观察组患者的护理满意度为96%,相比于对照组明显更高(χ~2=6.061,P0.05)。结论:在食管癌患者的围手术期护理中采取聚焦解决模式干预,可有效缓解患者的焦虑、抑郁,改善患者的睡眠质量和生活质量,有利于提高患者对护理服务的满意度。     

The family bereavement program: efficacy evaluation of a theory-based prevention program for parentally bereaved children and adolescents

This article presents an experimental evaluation of the Family Bereavement Program (FBP), a 2-component group intervention for parentally bereaved children ages 8-16. The program involved separate groups for caregivers, adolescents, and children, which were designed to change potentially modifiable risk and protective factors for bereaved children. The evaluation involved random assignment of 156 families (244 children and adolescents) to the FBP or a self-study condition. Families participated in assessments at pretest, posttest, and 11-month follow-up. Results indicated that the FBP led to improved parenting, coping, and caregiver mental health and to reductions in stressful events at posttest. At follow-up, the FBP led to reduced internalizing and externalizing problems, but only for girls and those who had higher problem scores at baseline.     

Relaxation and Health-Related Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis: The Example of Autogenic Training

This study was a pilot project to explore the effect of an autogenic training program (AT; a relaxation intervention) on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and well-being for people with multiple sclerosis. Participants either met weekly for sessions in AT for 10 weeks (n = 11) or were assigned to the control group (n = 11). The AT group was also asked to practice the technique daily at home. Scales designed to measure HRQOL and aspects of well-being (mood and depressed affect) were taken preintervention and at week 8 of the 10-week program. ANCOVAs using a measure of social support and pretest scores as covariates revealed that at the posttest the AT group reported more energy and vigor than the control group and were less limited in their roles due to physical and emotional problems. Future research should involve studies conducted over an extended period, together with sufficiently sized samples to explore the effect of frequency of practice of relaxation training on HRQOL and well-being for people with multiple sclerosis.     

“共情护理”模式对抑郁症患者心理状态及生活质量的影响研究

目的 探讨“共情护理”模式对抑郁症患者心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法 将天津市安定医院精神科2015年9月~2017年9月接收的90例抑郁症患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,各45例。所有患者入院后均给予常规抗抑郁药物治疗,并实施常规精神科护理,试验组则在此基础上给予共情护理,比较两组患者干预后的心理状态及生活质量。结果 干预后,试验组患者的HAMD评分为(15.34±8.65)分,低于对照组的（20.60±7.78）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;试验组患者的GQOL-74各个维度评分及总评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 对抑郁症患者实施“共情护理”模式干预,可以有效改善抑郁症状,提高生活质量。