癫痫患者的事件相关电位与认知功能研究

目的探讨癫癎患者事件相关电位(ERP)与认知功能状况。方法对350例癫癎患者和150例正常对照组进行认知功能30题(CCSE)、简易智力状态试验(MMSE)和ERPPP300的测定。结果癫癎部分性发作者的P300潜伏期比全身性发作者明显延长,波幅降低显著,认知功能测试得分也较低;未能分类发作患者的P300潜伏期延长不明显,认知功能测试得分近于正常。病程＞5年者的P300潜伏期较病程1～5年的延长明显,波幅降低显著,认知功能测试得分也较低;病程＜1年者P300潜伏期延长不明显,认知功能测试得分在正常范围。同时用三种药者的P300潜伏期较同时用两种药者的延长明显,波幅降低显著,认知功能测试得分也较低;同时用两种药者的P300潜伏期也比用一种药者明显延长,认知功能测试得分也较低;用一种药者的P300潜伏期延长不明显,认知功能测试得分在正常范围。结论部分性发作患者的P300潜伏期延长较全身性发作者明显;病程越长,P300潜伏期延长越显著;多种用药患者的P300潜伏期延长较用一种药者显著。     

无症状脑梗塞患者认知功能及事件相关电位研究

无症状脑梗塞是近年来发现的缺血性脑血管病的一种常见类型,因患者无主观症状,未能引起临床医生的足够重视。对其神经心理及事件相关电位的综合研究,国内外报道不多。本研究对３２例无症状脑梗塞患者及３０例正常对照者进行认知功能及事件相关电位测定,并对其临床价值进行了探讨,现报告如下。１　资料与方法１－１　一般资料正常对照组３０例,均为本院工作人员,无神经及精神异常,其中男１６人,女１４人,年龄５７～６８岁,平均６２－７±６－７岁,大学１１人,中学１０人,小学９人。研究组为３２例无症状脑梗塞患者,均为本院门…     

抑郁症患者的认知功能初步研究

目的：探讨抑郁症患者的认知功能状况,方法：对31例抑郁症患者进行威氏康星卡片分类测验（WCST）测定。其中19例测试了事件相关电位（P300）及韦氏智测。对30名正常对照者也进行了WCST测定及韦氏智测,结果：抑郁症患者WCST中的非持续错误较对照组明显增多,韦氏智测中的数字符号,数字广度测验成绩明显低于对照组,患者的P300与WCST测验结果无显著性相关,而与韦氏智测中的有关项目呈显著相关。结论：抑郁症患者存在认知功能障碍。     

糖尿病患者认知功能与事件相关电位研究

报道听觉ｏｄｄｂａｌｌ序列测定３０例糖尿病和３０例年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的正常对照组的事件相关电位（ＥＲＰ），同时进行认知能力３０题试验（ＣＣＳＥ）和简易智力状态试验（ＭＭＳＥ）。结果病人组Ｎ２和Ｐ３潜伏期较对照组显著延长（Ｐ＜０．００５），Ｐ３波幅亦较对照组降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），总异常率为２４％。虽然ＣＣＳＥ和ＭＭＳＥ两组结果经统计处理无显著性差异，但电生理学提示部分糖尿病患者很可能存在在认知功能障碍。对认知功能障碍的检测，ＥＲＰ是一项敏感、客观而又简便的电生理学检测方法。     

癫痫儿童的认知功能状况与事件相关电位变化研究

目的研究癫痫儿童的认知功能状况,观察其事件相关电位的变化.方法选择临床确诊的8～14岁癫痫儿童和相应年龄组正常儿童各45人,组成实验组和对照组,利用瑞文标准推理测验,分别对两组儿童行认知功能测定,并分别测定其事件相关电位,两组比较结果.结果癫痫组儿童有智能缺陷者达33.3%,其分布与正常对照组相比差异具有显著性意义(P＜0.01).对分测验进一步分析,癫痫儿童组B、E分量表得分显著低于正常对照组(P＜0.05).事件相关电位P300潜伏期较对照组显著延长(P＜0.01).结论癫痫病患可导致儿童智力受损,以抽象概念形成能力和类比能力受损最为明显.事件相关电位P300潜伏期的变化是评价儿童智能状况的一个很好的客观指标.     

癫患者的事件相关电位与认知功能研究

目的 :探讨癫患者事件相关电位 (ERP)与认知功能状况。方法 :对 35 0例癫患者和15 0例正常对照组进行认知功能 30题 (CCSE)、简易智力状态试验 (MMSE)和ERPP30 0 的测定。结果 :癫部分性发作者的P30 0 潜伏期比全身性发作者明显延长 ,波幅降低显著 ,认知功能测试得分也较低 ;未能分类发作患者的P30 0 潜伏期延长不明显 ,认知功能测试得分近于正常。病程 >5年者的P30 0 潜伏期较病程 1～ 5年的延长明显 ,波幅降低显著 ,认知功能测试得分也较低 ;病程 <1年者P30 0 潜伏期延长不明显 ,认知功能测试得分在正常范围。同时用三种药者的P30 0 潜伏期较同时用两种药者的延长明显 ,波幅降低显著 ,认知功能测试得分也较低 ;同时用两种药者的P30 0 潜伏期也比用一种药者明显延长 ,认知功能测试得分也较低 ;用一种药者的P30 0 潜伏期延长不明显 ,认知功能测试得分在正常范围。结论 :部分性发作患者的P30 0 潜伏期延长较全身性发作者明显 ;病程越长 ,P30 0 潜伏期延长越显著 ;多种用药患者的P30 0 潜伏期延长较用一种药者显著。     

太极拳对遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍患者认知功能影响的研究

目的 探讨太极拳对遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍（a-MCI）患者认知功能的影响。方法 将62例a-MCI患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组31例。对照组患者接受常规健康教育,治疗组在此基础上接受太极拳干预治疗。两组患者分别在治疗前、治疗后6个月采用简明精神状态检查量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）以及事件相关电位P300对患者认知功能评价。结果 对照组治疗前后MMSE、MoCA评分分别比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗后观察组MMSE、MoCA评分分别为（25.12±4.17）分、     

癫癎患者认知功能与事件相关电位临床研究进展

癫癎造成的脑损害是多方面的。除临床症状外，常伴有注意力分散，学习能力、记忆力减退，社会适应能力下降等多种认知功能受损的表现。事件相关电位（ERP）的P300成分是反映认知功能比较可靠、灵敏、客观的指标，已广泛应用于脑损害患者认知功能的研究及评价。因此本文对影响癫癎患者认知功能状况的主要因素及与ERP（本文主要指P300）的相互关系的研究作一综述。     

癫痫病人的认知功能与ERP的研究

报告６５名健康人，苯妥英钠、丙戊酸钠抗癫痫治疗患者（癫痫Ａ组）５４名，得理多治疗癫痫患者（癫痫Ｂ组）４２例的认知功能量表检测和ＥＲＰ检测结果。提示癫痫病人的认知功能有损害，Ｂ组认知功能受损轻于Ａ组。ＥＲＰ检测亦示癫痫患者认知功能受损。     

帕金森病患者认知功能与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的关系

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者认知功能和血浆半胱氨酸的关系,为PD的临床寻找更多的实验室依据。方法对50例PD患者和48例正常人分别进行了事件相关电位(ERP)和血浆半胱氨酸水平的测定,并将结果加以比较。结果 PD组中ERP测定的异常率为94.0%(47/50),ERP中N2、P3波潜伏期较对照组延长,P3波幅降低,其差异具有统计学意义(t=3.141,3.771,5.622;P<0.01),血浆半胱氨酸水平增高,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(t=3.924,P<0.01)。PD组ERP成分中P3波潜伏期与血浆半胱氨酸水平呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01),而P3波幅与其呈负相关(r=-0.46,P<0.01)。结论 PD患者存在明显的认知功能障碍及血浆半胱氨酸水平增高,且两者相互影响,ERP和血浆半胱氨酸水平测定可作为PD患者临床判定指标。     

Human intracerebral potentials associated with target,novel, and omitted auditory stimuli

Summary We recorded late auditory potentials from lateral and medial regions in the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy implanted with horizontal depth electrodes. Tone sequences were presented in three tasks: 1) auditory target detection in a tone sequence, 2) target detection with interspersed novel stimuli, and 3) detection of stimulus omissions. At frontal sites, potentials to targets showed a triphasic response with peak latencies around 200, 270 and 350 ms. At temporal sites, potentials consisted of a generally positive 285 ms peak which was sometimes accompanied by a negative peak at 200 ms or at 400 ms. At parietal sites, potentials were generally triphasic with latencies of about 230, 300, and 370 ms. At most sites, potentials evoked by novel stimuli had shorter latencies than those evoked by targets. The frontal and parietal potentials were either absent or strongly attenuated during stimulus omissions. The results lend further support to the multiple generator hypothesis of late potentials and suggest that some of the cerebral sources of the late potentials are stimulus dependent while others are not.This research was supported in part by grants from the Fonds de Recherche en Santé du Québec and from the Medical Research Council of Canada.     

行为问题儿童听觉事件相关电位P300对照研究

目的:探讨行为问题儿童听觉事件相关电位P300特点.方法:用Achenbach儿童行为问卷(CBCL)和中国联合型瑞文测验(CRT-C2)筛选行为问题儿童,并按同性别、同年龄进行1:2配对;采用odd模式测试听觉事件相关电位.结果:①问题组儿童的P300各项指标与对照组儿童无显著差异;②混合问题组P300潜伏期较单一问题组延迟(P<0.05),Pz点P300的基线波幅混合问题组与单一问题组的差异接近有统计学意义.③行为问题儿童Pz点P300基线波幅与行为问卷总分呈显著负相关(P<0.05).结论:行为问题较为严重的儿童可能有认知功能损害.     

Effects of relevance and response frequency on P3b amplitudes: Review of findings and comparison of hypotheses about the process reflected by P3b

Diverse psychological correlates have been ascribed to “P300,” the conspicuous P3b component of event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded in many laboratory tasks. Traditionally, hypotheses on P3b have conceived of this component being independent from implementing the response to the present stimulus. This has changed in the recent decade when P3b has been related to aspects of the decision process. The present review first focusses on effects of the classic variables stimulus frequency and relevance on P3b amplitude. It turns out that already these effects are related to response requirements because effects of stimulus frequency actually are effects of frequency of response-defined stimulus categories and effects of relevance may be defined as effects of graduating the response requirements. Then, constructs and hypotheses on psychological functions reflected by P3b are evaluated for their abilities in explaining those effects. The tested constructs are information, relevance, and capacity, and the hypotheses are priming, cognitive processing, memory storage, context updating, closure, response facilitation, decision, stimulus–response (S–R) link reactivation, and conscious representations. S–R link reactivation hypothesis performed best, closely followed by memory storage and closure hypotheses. To make further progress, more studies should conduct tests between competing hypotheses.     

盐酸文拉法辛缓释片对42例Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者听觉P300的影响

目的：应用事件相关电位（ERP）听觉P300（即P3）评估盐酸文拉法辛缓释片对Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响。方法：选取疗效已达显著进步以上的Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者42例,随机分为研究组（22例）和对照组（20例）。研究组给予盐酸文拉法辛缓释片治疗,在治疗前后对两组患者分别进行听觉ERP检查及阳性症状与阴性症状量表（PANss）评定。结果：在治疗后,研究组靶刺激P300潜伏期缩短（P〈0．05）和波幅升高（P〈0．05）,PANSS评定提示阴性因子分、反应缺乏因子分及抑郁因子分下降和激活因子分升高（P〈0．05）,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。对照组在治疗前后P300各项目和PANSS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：从ERP的P300可反映出盐酸文拉法辛缓释片能改善U型精神分裂症患者的认知功能。     

强迫症患者事件相关电位P300临床纵向研究

目的：探讨事件相关电位（event-related potentials,ERPs)听觉P300在强迫症（Obsessive-compulsive disovder,OCD)中的应用价值。方法：收集了36例OCD患者,以33例正常人为对照组,进行听觉P300及地形分布图检查,并与临床相关因素进行对比分析。结果：OCD患者潜伏期N2、P3b,波幅P2、P3b与正常对照组相比有显著性差异。P300地形图全部患者失正态分析,84．21％单纯以强迫行为或强迫思维的患者在P300地形图表现为顶叶能量缺乏,而混合性OCD和伴有中度焦虑或忧郁者76．47％表现为顶叶伴左半球能量降低。经治疗疗效显著的P3b改变,波幅增高,潜伏期缩短,P300地形图能量分布趋向正态;治疗无效的P3b及P300地形图改变不明显。结论：事件相关电位P300可作为一项辅助的生物学指标,有助于OCD患者的病理心理研究及临床分型和疗效的判断。     

精神发育迟滞儿童的事件相关电位P300的特征

目的探讨精神发育迟滞（MR）儿童的事件相关电位P300的特征。方法对30名精神发育迟滞儿童（精神发育迟滞组）和30名正常儿童（正常对照组）分别进行事件相关电位P300测定,取P300的潜伏期和波幅,将所得结果进行统计学分析。结果与正常对照组相比,精神发育迟滞组儿童事件相关电位视觉P300波的潜伏期延长,波幅降低,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论事件相关电位P300的潜伏期和波幅可客观地反映精神发育迟滞儿童的认知功能的变化,具有协助诊断的意义,可作为评价精神发育迟滞患儿的认知功能的客观指标之一。     

Neurophysiological characteristics of cognitive functions in patients with first episodes of endogenous psychosis

This report presents studies of the neurophysiological correlates of the characteristics of cognitive disorders in patients with first psychotic episodes of endogenous psychosis at juvenile age. Three groups of patients were studied: those with a predominance of catatonic symptomatology (22 patients), those with a predominance of hallucinatory-delusional symptomatology (22 patients), and those with a predominance of affective-delusional symptomatology (24 patients), along with a group of psychologically healthy subjects (15 subjects). Parameters of auditory evoked potentials were analyzed using the oddball paradigm. The group with a predominance of catatonic disorders showed the greatest differences in the latent periods (LP) of the N200 and P300 components as compared with the other groups; patients with a predominance of hallucinatory-delusional symptomatology showed the most localized anomalies in the latent period of the P300 component; the group of patients dominated by affective-delusional symptomatology showed almost no increase in the latent period of the N200 component, though the extents of anomalies in the N100 component in responses to non-target signals and deviations in the P300 component were more marked than in the other groups. These characteristics of the neurophysiological correlates of cognitive functions in each group of patients supported the significance of evaluating the psychopathological structure of manifest psychotic episodes for determining the clinical typology. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S. S. Korskova, Vol. 107, No. 2, pp. 12–20, February, 2007.     

非痴呆性血管性认知损害患者P300的临床研究

目的：观察不同病变部位非痴呆性血管性认知损害（vascular cognitive impairment of non-dementia,VCIND）患者的P300,研究其神经心理学损害特征及可能的病理生理机制,同时探讨P300对早期血管性认知损害（VCI）的诊断价值.方法：对20例皮质下缺血性VCIND患者、20例皮质缺血性VCIND患者及15例正常对照（NC）进行P300检测.结果：与NC组比较,皮质下缺血性VCIND组患者P300潜伏期延长[（366.85±26.43）ms vs（288.33±28.97）ms,P〈0.05],波幅降低[（9.46±1.47）μV vs （13.51±1.30）μV,P〈0.05] 与皮质缺血性VCIND组比较,皮质下缺血性VCIND组患者P300潜伏期延长[（366.85±26.43）ms vs（344.55±23.07）ms,P〈0.05],波幅比较差异无显著意义（P〉0.05）.结论：皮质下缺血性VClND组患者P300异常更为突出,与其神经心理学特征有关 P300潜伏期可能作为早期VCI的诊断参考指标之一.     

认知事件相关诱发电位P300的研究进展

目的 探讨认知事件相关诱发电位（ERP）P300的研究进展。方法 在万方数据、Pubmed等数据库查阅与认知ERP P300研究相关的文献,进行汇总分析。结果 ERP P300反映了大脑认知的加工过程,可对痴呆、脑血管疾病、脑外伤、癫痫、精神疾病等多种疾病进行早期认知减退的检测、认知功能和损害程度的评估以及认知功能的定量分析,具有较广泛的临床应用价值。但P300的临床应用存在没有业内公认的评定标准值、实际检测中影响因素较多等问题,其具体机制及相关问题的解决还有待于进一步更深入地探讨。结论 P300可以检测大脑神经细胞的动态认知过程,具有可靠、有效、客观、无创伤等特点,是其他脑影像技术所不能取代的一种检测方法。未来还需在P300及其亚波的产生定位及临床诊断的统一化标准化等方面做进一步的深入探索和研究。     

Stability of Genetic and Environmental Influences on P300 Amplitude: A Longitudinal Study in Adolescent Twins

This study examined the stability of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in P300 amplitude during adolescence. The P300 component is an event-related brain potential (ERP) that has attracted much attention as a biological marker for disturbed cognitive processing in psychopathology. Understanding the genetics of this biological marker may contribute to understanding the genetics of the associated psychopathologies. In a group of 213 adolescent twin pairs, the P300 component was measured twice, the first time at age 16 and the second time 18 months later. A large part of the variance of the P300 amplitude could be explained by familial factors, with estimates ranging from 30% to 81%. Whether the familial resemblance was due to genetic or shared environmental factors depended on sex. For males, genetic factors explained familial resemblance in P300 amplitude, but for females such resemblance was likely due to shared environmental factors. The phenotypic stability of the P300 amplitude from 16 to 18 years was high in both sexes, and stability could be attributed largely to the same familial factors. There was no evidence that new familial influences emerged at age 18.