依折麦布联合他汀类药物降脂新进展

目前他汀类药物成为常用调脂药物,能有效降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）水平,然而,他汀类药物单用时,并不能使所有冠心病患者的LDL-C降至目标值,因此,临床上需要考虑调脂药物联合用药。他汀类与贝特类药物联用时,肝脏毒性反应和肌病发生的危险性增大;而他汀类与烟酸类药物联用,患者的耐受性差,故上述联合用药方案难以广泛应用。     

他汀类药物联合依折麦布辅助治疗对老年急性冠脉综合征患者的血脂影响

目的：探究他汀类药物依折麦布辅助治疗在改善老年急性冠脉综合征患者血脂方面的影响。方法：选择我院收治的老年急性冠脉综合征患者70例,随机分成对照组和观察组,对患者使用他汀类药物进行治疗,观察组使用依折麦布进行辅助治疗,对两组患者TC(血清总胆固醇)、LDL-C(低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)、非-HDL-C(非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇)在用药前后的指标变化情况进行比较。比较降脂药物相关不良反应发生率、炎症因子水平、心血管不良事件发生情况。结果：与治疗前比较,两组TC、LDL-C、HDL-C水平均有改善,且观察组改善情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组药物不良反应事件发生率分别为5.71%和8.57,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组炎症因子水平在治疗前对比无差异(P>0.05);治疗后观察组炎症因子水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组心血管不良事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：老年急性冠脉综合征患者使用他汀类药物的同时给予依折麦布辅助治疗,可以血脂水平改善效果好,安全性高。     

他汀类药物联合依折麦布用于冠心病患者治疗的有效性和安全性评价

目的:研究中强度他汀联用依折麦布在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者中与中、高强度他汀单用的有效性与安全性差异。方法:检索北京安贞医院HIS系统中2018年1月至2019年4月门诊及住院数据库,筛选出住院就诊记录后3~5周有门诊复查记录的病例。根据病例所使用的他汀类药物分为中强度他汀组、中强度他汀联用依折麦布组及高强度他汀组。比较门诊记录与住院记录血脂指标变化及变化率,并以门诊记录的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)值,评估病例降脂目标达成率,对比各组降脂疗效的差距。以门诊记录病例中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)以及肌酸激酶(CK)值超过正常上限2倍及3倍的人数,评估各组安全性差异。结果:共有371例患者纳入研究。联用组降脂目标达成率显著高于中、高强度他汀组;联用组LDL-C绝对变化、相对变化均显著优于中、高强度他汀组(P＞0.05);安全性无显著差异(P＜0.05)。结论:对于冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者的降脂治疗,中强度他汀联用依折麦布治疗方案降脂效果优于中、高强度他汀单用,且安全性无显著差异。     

依折麦布联合辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床疗效分析

目的探讨依折麦布联合辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选取我院2009年10月至2011年10月收治148例高脂血症的患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各74例,观察组使用依折麦布联合辛伐他汀治疗,对照组单纯使用辛伐他汀治疗,比较两组在治疗后1个月内血浆中的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与总胆固醇(TC)的变化情况。结果观察组在治疗后1个月内血浆中的LDL-C与TC均低于对照组,P<0.05,具有统计学意义。结论依折麦布联合辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

他汀类药物联用依折麦布调脂治疗急性冠状动脉综合征

<正>急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)包括急性心肌梗死(AMI)和不稳定型心绞痛(UAP),是造成人类致死和致残的严重心血管事件。严格控制ACS患者血脂水平对于稳定其动脉粥样硬     

依折麦布治疗冠心病的作用机制及临床疗效的研究进展

冠心病是威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一,其患病率及死亡率逐年上升。依折麦布作为一种胆固醇肠吸收抑制剂,通过改善血脂水平、抑制炎症反应、缩小或逆转斑块,发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用,延缓冠心病的发生和进展,并抑制炎性反应,改善血管内皮功能,从而减少临床终点事件的发生,提升患者疗效及预后水平。对依折麦布治疗冠心病的作用机制及临床疗效的研究进展进行综述。     

小剂量瑞舒伐他汀联合依折麦布治疗高脂血症临床观察

目的探讨使用小剂量瑞舒伐他汀联合依折麦布治疗高脂血症的疗效。方法高脂血症的患者82例,随机分为实验组(41例),给予瑞舒伐他汀联合依折麦布治疗,对照组(41例),给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗,2个月后观察两组临床疗效及治疗前后肝功[谷丙转氨酶(ALT),谷草转氨酶(AST)]变化。结果小剂量瑞舒伐他汀联合依折麦布可显著降低血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),使高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显提升,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组和实验组组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组和实验组治疗前后ALT、AST比较无明显升高,两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论小剂量瑞舒伐他汀联合依折麦布可以达到强化降脂的作用,较单独应用瑞舒伐他汀疗效显著,而且不增加肝毒性。     

依折麦布联合他汀与强化他汀在急性冠状动脉综合征患者降脂中的作用和安全性观察

<正>急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者多合并高胆固醇血症,冠状动脉内斑块极不稳定,如何选择合理的降脂方案十分重要。胆固醇肠道吸收抑制剂依折麦布为我们带来了新的思路,本试验旨在观察依折麦布联合常规剂量他汀与强化他汀治疗的疗效及安全性。     

非他汀类降脂药物临床应用评价

他汀类药物可显著降低动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率,是国内外指南推荐的一线降脂药物。但即使强化他汀类药物治疗,仍有部分患者不能达到血脂目标,另有部分患者对他汀类药物不能耐受。近年来,非他汀类药物的作用和地位受到人们关注。本文主要对非他汀类降脂药物在心血管疾病防治中的临床应用进行评价。     

他汀类降脂药的抗炎作用

<正>他汀类药物,即3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A (HMA-CoA)还原酶抑制剂,可减少动脉粥样硬化的形成和心血管事件的发病率及死亡率。上述作用源自该类药物对胆固醇代谢的影响以及下调低密度脂蛋白的合成。目前越来越多的证据显示,除上述作用外,他汀类药物还有更广泛的作用,其中包括对炎症途径的影响,具有免疫调节活性,在许多炎症性疾病中表现出一定的治疗作用。     

Plant sterols and their role in combined use with statins for lipid lowering

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is currently one of the major contributors to the global burden of disease. Combination treatments to promote a maximal reduction of the ratio between total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein are currently the most effective way of preventing CVD. In this review, we assess the role of plant sterols and statins in CVD prevention. Statins have been used by millions of patients at high to moderate risk of CVD, while plant sterols are potentially available to whole populations in food products. The benefits and risks of each compound, as well as the combination, are discussed.     

他汀类药物的非降脂作用及临床应用

目的：介绍他汀类药物的非降脂作用及临床应用。方法：参阅国内外文献资料，进行综合、分析和归纳。结果：他汀类药物具有预防心血管疾病、治疗骨质疏松症、防治恶性疾病、预防肾病、防治器官排异反应和预防老年痴呆症等作用。结论：他汀类药物有广阔的临床应用前景。     

Combination therapy with statins

Statins effectively inhibit cholesterol synthesis and are currently the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. However, patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and those unwilling to take, or who cannot tolerate statins, and patients with combined hyperlipidemia require a combination treatment. Statins combined with cholesterol malabsorption, caused, e.g., by plant stanol esters or ezetimibe (Schering-Plough Corp/Merck & Co Inc), or with bile acid malabsorption, caused by bile acid binding resins or guar gum, inhibit compensatory increases in cholesterol synthesis and effectively lower LDL cholesterol levels. Combination therapy of statins with fibrates should be controlled by lipidology experts. Recent information on indications and advantages of combining statins with n-3 fatty acids, hormone replacement therapy, or niacin, will also be discussed.     

Trends in prescribing and utilization of statins and other lipid lowering drugs across Europe 1997-2003

AIMS: To describe trends in utilization and prescribing of statins and other lipid lowering drugs across Europe from data in routine administrative databases. METHODS: Observational study in EU member states and Norway. Comparison of annual utilization data for lipid lowering agents by class and drug from national administrative databases for reimbursement over the period 1997-2003, measured in DDDs per 1000 inhabitants/day. Prescribed daily doses (PDD) of statins obtained from a commercial database (IMS Health) for 2000 and 2003, and used to calculate numbers of "patient treatment days" (PTD) in each country in each year. Analysis of PTD to explain increased utilization of statins. RESULTS: Use of lipid lowering agents varied among countries (in 2003, highest in Ireland and Norway, and lowest in Italy), but increased in all countries studied (between 2000 and 2003 by 274% in Ireland and by 56% in France). This increase was entirely due to increases in statin use. Prescribed daily doses of statins increased in all countries for which data was available between 2000 and 2003, but still usually fell below the doses used in the major trials of statins. As a result, the numbers of PTDs increased to a lesser extent than suggested by utilization (e.g. by 192% in Ireland and by 35% in France). One-third of the total rise in utilization was explained by increased PDD, and two-thirds by an increase in numbers of PTDs. Statins dominated the markets in all countries, although fibrates remained strong in France and Belgium (approximately 25% of all lipid lowering agents) and to a lesser extent Germany (10%). CONCLUSIONS: Use of statins across Europe has increased hugely over the study period. Some of the increase in use is due to higher prescribed daily doses, but two-thirds is due to increases in numbers of patient days of treatment, either due to more patients treated or less likely to better compliance.     

LDL S-homocysteinylation decrease in chronic kidney disease patients undergone lipid lowering therapy

The dyslipidemia control through lipid lowering therapy is one of the targets for the treatment of CKD. By this pilot study we aimed to evaluate the effect of hypolipidemic drugs on the levels of low molecular weight (LMW) thiols bound to LDL in nephropatic patients. We enrolled thirty CKD randomized to receive three different hypolipidemic regimens: simvastatin alone (40 mg/day) or ezetimibe/simvastatin combined therapy (10/20 or 10/40 mg/day). LMW thiols in their reduced and total form, oxidative stress indices as malondialdehyde and allantoin/uric acid ratio were evaluated. LDL thiolation decreased in all treated patients, but a greater efficacy was attained from a combined therapy with a higher simvastatin dose, by which a 31% decrease of all S-bound thiols was reached after 1 year of therapy. In particular, in this patients group the reduction of apoB-Hcy was greater than 40%. The concomitant decrease of the oxidative stress indices during the therapy brings to the hypothesis that decreased levels of protein bound thiols may be a consequence of oxidative stress improvement. Therefore lipid lowering therapy may have beneficial effects also through the reduction of LDL-S-homocysteinylation that has been reported to have antiangiogenic and proatherogenic effect on endothelial vascular cells.     

他汀类药物降低LDL-C目标分析

他汀类药物降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的目标值应该是多少仍存在争议,部分临床研究显示,强力降低LDL-C不能进一步减少患者临床终点发生率,但包括流行病学和他汀类调脂的大多数研究显示,他汀类使LDL-C下降到现有调脂指南标准以下能使患者进一步受益,降的越低,获益越大.因此,提倡在临床实践中将LDL-C降到现有指南推荐水平以下,对于高危患者降的越低越好.     

HDL elevation and lipid lowering therapy: current scenario and future perspectives

High density lipoprotein (HDL) has proven its role in reverse cholesterol transport and cellular cholesterol efflux thus acting as a protective factor against atherogenic cardiovascular diseases. The article focuses primarily on structure and function of genes influencing HDL metabolism. Various novel targets involve liver X receptor, retinoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferators activated receptor agonists and apoA-I mimetics. New molecules targeting these nuclear receptors are described. Phospholipid transfer protein and scavenger receptor B1 are also attractive targets in HDL metabolism. ATP-Binding Cassette transporter A1 and several lipases also play a crucial role in HDL metabolism and are very useful target for atherogenic dyslipidemia. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors have shown great promise as possible drug candidates of future. Notably, JTT-705 (Japan Tobacco, Roche) is of great interest in spite of withdrawal of torcetrapib. Considering modest effect of currently available therapeutic options on HDL, these novel HDL elevating targets are doubtlessly the target for future atherosclerotic intervention.