Expression of tight junctions protein regulator PKC-θ in meningioma tissue

Objective To study the expression and clinical meaning of tight junctions protein regulator PKC θ in human meningioma tissue.Method The expression of PKC θ in 30 non-invasion and 30 invasion meningioma tissue is tested by using immunohistochemistry S-P method,with the goal of analyzing the relationship between the expression of PKC θ and pathology character.Results The positive rate ofPKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue is obviously lower than in non-invasion meningioma tissue.The difference is significant(P<0.05)Conclusions The lower expression of PKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue pmbably affects occurrence and invasion of the meningioma by ehang4ng the structure and function of TJs.     

蛋白激酶C-θ在脑膜瘤组织中的表达

目的 研究蛋白激酶C(protein kinase C,PKC)一0在人脑膜瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化染色法对30例非侵袭性脑膜瘤和30例侵袭性脑膜瘤组织中PKCθ表达进行检测,分析与病理性质的关系.结果 侵袭性脑膜瘤组织中PKCθ阳性表达率明显低于非侵袭性脑膜瘤组织,两者差异显著(P<0.05).结论 侵袭性脑膜瘤组织中PKCθ表达下调,对脑膜瘤的发生和侵袭起作用.     

Expression and significance of the polar regulationassociated protein in cholangiocarcinoma

Objective： To investigate the expressions of atypical protein kinase C = subtype （aPKC-I and E-cadherin in cholangiocarcinoma, and analyze molecular mechanisms of the invasion and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods： The expressions of aPKC-I nd E-cadherin in 9 specimens of benign bile duct tissues and 35 specimens of cholangiocarcinoma were detected by EnVision immunohistochemistry, and their correlations to the clinicopathologic characteristics and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed. Results： The positive rate of aPKC-I was significantly higher in cholangiocarcinoma than in benign bile duct tissues （68.6% vs. 11.1%, P = 0.006）, while the positive rate of E-cadherin was significantly lower in cholangiocarcinoma than in benign bile duct tissues （37.1% vs. 88.9%, P = 0.016）. aPKC-I expression was negatively correlated to E-cadherin expression （r = -0.287, P 〈 0.05）. aPKC-I expression was positively and E-cadherin expression was negatively correlated to the differentiation and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The expressions of aPKC-I and E-cadherin may reflect the differentiation and invasive potential of cholangiocarcinoma. As a polar regulation-associated protein, aPKC-I may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma.     

Regulatory effect of PKCε on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in cardiomyocytes

目的:研究蛋白激酶Cε(protein kinase C ε,PKCε)在缺氧复氧(hypoxia/reoxygenation,H/R)所致心肌细胞损伤中的调控作用.方法:取原代培养心肌细胞制作H/R模型,采用Western blot法检测PKC ε蛋白转位;双抗体夹心化学发光法和酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法分别检测培养心肌细胞上清液中肌钙蛋白(cTnI)浓度和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分泌以观察心肌细胞损伤的状况.结果:与正常对照组比较,缺氧2h复氧30 min时,PKCε总蛋白表达无明显变化,但PKCε由可溶性成分转位至颗粒性成分(P＜0.05),延长缺氧时间至4h,PKC ε总蛋白表达明显下降(P＜0.05);与H/R组比较,PKCε亚型特异性抑制剂ε V1-2可增加cTnI漏出(P＜0.05),但对TNF-α的分泌无明显影响.结论:PKCε转位可减轻心肌细胞H/R所致的损伤.     

PKC-α反义核酸提高SMMC-7721细胞对化疗药物的敏感性研究

目的探讨蛋白激酶C(protein kinase c)反义核酸(antisense oligonucleotides,ASODN)联合5-Fu、HCPT、As2O3三种化疗药物对肝癌SMMC-7721的体外高效抑制作用。方法以聚乙烯亚胺(poly-ethylenei mine,PEI)作载体转染PKC-αASODN,用WST-8法检测单纯使用5-Fu、As2O3、HCPT三种化疗药物以及其联合PEI-ASODN对SMMC-7721细胞的增殖抑制作用,并分别计算抑制率和IC50。结果5-Fu、As2O3、HCPT与PEI-ASODN物联合使用后,其IC50分别降低到3.9μg/ml、2.67μmol/L、1.46μg/ml,化疗药物的敏感性分别提高到单用化疗药物的2.86、1.84和4.01倍。结论PEI介导的PKC-αASODN与化疗药物5-Fu、As2O3、HCPT联合使用,可提高肝癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,通过与化疗药物的相加或协同作用,减少化疗药物的用量。     

Effects of Bradykinin on the Expression of Interleukin-6 in C6 Glioma Cells

OBJECTIVE There is a close correlation between interleukin-6 （IL-6） and malignant proliferation of gliomas. We investigated the effect of bradykinin on the expression of IL-6 in C6 glioma cells. METHODS Semi-quantitive RT-PCR and radioimmunoassay were used to examine the effect of bradykinin on the expression of IL-6 in C6 glioma cells and on the level of IL-6 in the culture medium. RESULTS Using semi-quantitive RT-PCR, the expression of IL-6 mRNA was examined in C6 glioma cells at 0, 5, 10,15, 30, 60 rain following addition of 1μmol/L bradykinin. There was no statistical difference in expression of IL-6 mRNA between the treatment and control groups （P〉0.05） and IL-6 was not detected in the cell culture medium. CONCLUSION Within an hour, IL-6 expression in C6 glioma cells is not induced by bradykinin, suggesting that its clinical application may be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for tumors of the central nervous system .     

Clinical significance of checkpoint regulator “Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)” expression in meningioma: review of the current status

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor. Most meningiomas are benign; however, a subset of these tumors can be aggressive, presenting with early or multiple...     

Expression of Pepsinogen C in Gastric Cancer and Precancerous Diseases and its Clinical Significance

Objective To investigate the active expression of pepsinogen C (PGC) and its value in detection of precancerous diseases and gastric cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of pepsinogen C in 424 specimens of gastric mucosa collected by gastroscopy. Results The positive rate of PGC expression in 54 cases of normal gastric mucosa was 100 % and 2.4% in 124 cases of gastric cancer. The positive rate of PGC expression in superficial gastritis, gastric ulcer or erosion, atrophic gastritis or gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer decreased significantly in the sequence indicated (P< 0.05). Conclusion The expression of PGC is negatively correlated with the degree of malignancy of gastric mucosa and with development of gastric lesions. PGC expression has a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of precancerous diseases which can lead to gastric cancer and may be a good indicator for screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer and precursors of gastric cancer. This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program [No. 2001BA703B06 (B)], and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30171054).     

Expression and clinical significance of REGγ in gastric cancer tissue and variously differentiated gastric cancer cell lines

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the REGγ expression in gastric cancer tissue and gastric cancer cell lines of various differentiation levels and its clinical significance. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of REGγ protein in 70 specimens of gastric cancer and 30 specimens of normal gastric mucosa. The relationship between the expression of REGγ protein and the biological behaviors of gastric cancer was analyzed. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA level and the protein expression of REGγ in normal gastric cell line GES-1, well differentiated gastric cancer cell line MKN-28, moderately differentiated gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 and poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. RESULTS The expression rate of REGγ protein in gastric cancer tissue （52/70, 74.29%） was significantly higher than that in normal gastric tissue （12/30, 40%） （P 〈 0.01）. The expression rate of REGγ was correlated with tumor size （P 〈 0.01）, lymph node metastasis （P 〈 0.05）, differentiation degree （P 〈 0.01）, infiltration depth （P 〈 0.01） and distant metastasis （P 〈 0.05）. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of REGγ mRNA was 0.459 ± 0.079 in the normal gastric mucosa cell ling 0.588 ±0.118 in the well differentiated gastric cancer cell line, 0.715±0.066 in the moderately differentiated gastric cancer cell line, and 0.873 ± 0.099 in the poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell line, showing a negative correlation between REGγ mRNA expression and differentiation level （P 〈 0.05）. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of REGγ protein was 0.712±0.065 in the normal gastric mucosa cell line, 1.176±0.185 in the well differentiated gastric cancer cell line, 1.533 ± 0.127 in the moderately differentiated gastric cancer cell line, and 2.061± 0.398 in the poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell line, showing a negative correlation between REGγ protein expression and differentiation level （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION REGγ is expressed in gastric cancer tissue and normal gastric tissue. In gastric cancer tissues, REGγ expression is positively correlated with the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree, infiltration depth and distant metastasis. Detecting the expression of REGγ mRNA and protein is helpful for early diagnosis and predicting prognosis of gastric cancer.     

Expression of PPARγ and PTEN in human colorectal cancer: An immunohistochemical study using tissue microarray methodology

Although aberrations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression have been identified in several other cancer types, certain previous studies have revealed that PPARγ is abundant in normal and malignant tissue in the colon. The question of whether aberrant PTEN is involved in the initial stage or is a later event during colorectal carcinogenesis remains controversial. Relatively few studies have focused on the correlation of expression of PPARγ and PTEN in various tissues. In the present study, paraffin-embedded blocks from 139 patients with CRC, 18 adenomatous polyps and 50 paired paracancerous benign mucosas were selected and analysed in 4 tissue microarray (TMA) blocks comprising 104, 72, 130 and 54 cores, respectively. Expression of PPARγ and PTEN was examined using immunohistochemical staining on TMAs. There were no significant differences in the expression of PPARγ (P=0.055) and PTEN (P=0.100) between the colorectal cancers, adenomas and paracancerous mucosas. However, correlations of PPARγ expression with clinical stage (P=0.004) and PTEN expression with histological grade (P=0.006) and distant metastasis (P=0.015) were demonstrated in the CRC specimens. Although the differences in PPARγ and PTEN protein expression in human colorectal cancer may not be considered as early diagnostic markers, our results indicate that CRCs with a low expression or deletion of PTEN may progress towards invasion and even metastasis; thus, PTEN may have potential as a prognostic marker in human CRC.     

Expression of PIK3CA and FOXP1 in gastric and intestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type arises from a wide variety of extranodal sites, most frequently from the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, it has been demonstrated that karyotypic alterations involving the PIK3CA and FOXP1 genes of chromosome 3 occur in MALT lymphoma. However, their associated protein expression has not been extensively studied. Tumor tissues from 27 gastric and 23 intestinal MALT lymphomas were analyzed for PIK3CA and FOXP1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry and correlated with histological features and treatment outcomes. Expression of PIK3CA, a novel indicator, was found in 40% of gastrointestinal cases and indicated an inferior progression-free survival in both gastric and intestinal MALT lymphomas (P?=?0.001 and P?=?0.015). Tumor staining of nuclear FOXP1 (46.0%) was more common in gastric than intestinal MALT lymphomas (P?=?0.042) and was significantly associated with polymorphic histology (P?=?0.007). FOXP1 expression was identified as an adverse prognostic factor for overall survival in gastric MALT lymphomas (P?=?0.035). We further combined these two markers and observed that patients that are positive for both PIK3CA and FOXP1 had a worse overall and progression-free survival. Considering the small sample size of this study, these results should be confirmed in a large prospective study.     

Expression of cGMP-dependent protein kinase, PKGIα, PKGIβ, and PKGII in malignant and benign breast tumors

Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) constitute a small family of enzymes that are encoded by two genes. Two major forms of PKG have been identified in mammalian cells, PKG I and PKG II. In addition, there are two splice variants of PKG I, which are designated as I?? and I??. There are increasing evidences that PKG can play an important role in the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. In our previous studies, the inhibitory effects of cGMP/PKG on the cell growth were indicated using breast cancer cell lines. Accordingly, the present study was designed to compare the expression levels of three PKG isoforms in normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues. The expression level of PKG isoforms was assayed using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The correlation between relative expression of PKG isoforms and clinicopathological characteristics were also analyzed. Downregulation of PKG isoforms was observed in the malignant and benign tumors when compared to those of respective normal tissues. No significant correlation was found between PKGI??, PKGI??, and PKGII expression and clinicopathological features. The present study is the first to evaluate the expression level of PKG isoforms PKGI??, PKGI??, and PKGII in the malignant and benign breast tumors. Reduction in the PKG expression is an important evidence to support the antitumor activity of this enzyme in vivo.     

Expression of Angiotensin Ⅱ and Aldosterone in Radiation-induced Lung Injury

Objective Radiation-induced lung injury(RILI) is the most common,dose-limiting complication in thoracic malignancy radiotherapy.Considering its negative impact on patients and restrictions to efficacy,the mechanism of RILI was studied. Methods Wistar rats were locally irradiated with a single dose of 0,16,and 20 Gy to the right half of the lung to establish a lung injury model.Two and six months after irradiation,the right half of the rat lung tissue was removed,and the concentrations of TGF-β1,angiotensinⅡ,and aldosterone were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Statistical differences were observed in the expression levels of angiotensinⅡand aldosterone between the non-irradiation and irradiation groups.Moreover,the expression level of the angiotensinⅡ-aldosterone system increased with increasing doses,and the difference was still observed as time progressed. Conclusions AngiotensinⅡ-aldosterone system has an important pathophysiological function in the progression of RILI.     

Significance of β-tubulin Expression in Breast Premalignant Lesions and Carcinomas

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of β-tubulin in premalignant lesions and carcinomas of the breast,and to observe the relationship of its expression with breast cancer pathological features. METHODS The expression of β-tubulin was detected immunohistochemically in 50 specimens of premalignant lesions of the breast(ADH and Peri-PM with ADH),50 specimens of breast in situ ductal carcinomas(DCIS),and 50 specimens of invasive ductal carcinomas(IDC).Thirty specimens of normal breast tissues served as a control group. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis showed that:the differences among the 4 groups(normal breast tissues,breast premalignant lesions,DCIS and IDC,P<0.05)were significant, and there were also statistically significant differences between any 2 groups(P<0.05)except for the β-tubulin positive expression comparing DCIS versus IDC(P>0.05).In addition,β-tubulin was expressed at a higher level in Peri-PM with ADH compared to ADH(P<0.05).Following the degree of breast epithelial hyperplasia involved,and its development into carcinoma,the β-tubulin positive expression displayed an elevating tendency. We also found a significant positive relationship of β-tubulin expression with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but no significant correlation with histological grading and nuclear grade. CONCLUSION Centrosome defects may be an early event in the development of breast cancer and they can also promote tumor progression.Studies of aberrations of centrosomal proteins provide a new way to explore the mechanism of breast tumorigenesis.     

Significance of VEGF and NF-κB Expression in Thyroid Carcinoma

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a dimeric 42-kd pro- tein, is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a key role in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis.[1] Angiogenesis is known to be a prerequisite for tumor growth and metastasis.VE…     

Expression of p40 (∆Np63) protein in meningiomas,an unexpected finding: immunohistochemical study and evaluation of its possible prognostic role

According to the 2007 WHO (World Health Organization) Classification, meningiomas are divided into three grades of malignancy, with different recurrence rate, based exclusively on histopathological parameters. Loss/reduction of PgR (Progesterone Receptor) expression and increased Ki67 L.I. (Labeling Index) have been proven as possible prognostic factors able to predict the relapse of the disease. However, they sometimes result unreliable, especially when discordant. p40 is the short form of the p53 homologue gene p63, also named ?Np63, and its antibody has recently been introduced as a highly specific diagnostic marker of the squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Nevertheless its expression has been found in many other unconventional sites (e.g. placenta, urotheluim, etc). Herein we assessed the immuno-expression of p40 protein in a series of 72 meningiomas (35 grade I and 37 grade II) and analyzed its correlation with clinicopathological parameters, overall survival and recurrence free interval. We found that a high p40 score correlated with high histological grade, presence of recurrence, increased Ki67 L.I. and loss/reduction of PgR signal. Moreover, a higher expression of p40 was shown to be a significant prognostic factor for the development of recurrences and resulted a prognostic independent variable in multivariate analysis. Overall, for the first time, we investigated the expression of p40 protein in meningiomas and explored its usefulness as prognostic marker in addition to PgR and Ki67 L.I.