新生儿二次断脐使用不同敷料的效果比较

目的探讨科学、简便、安全的新生儿脐部护理方法。方法将320例新生儿随机分为观察组与对照组各160例。观察组新生儿二次断脐时断面用苯扎氯铵贴．对照组用无菌脐纱，其它处理两组相同。观察比较两组脐部情况。结果观察组二次断脐1d后脐部渗血、潮湿发生率显著低于对照组（均P〈0．01）；1周时脐部红肿及脓性分泌物发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），脐部干燥率显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论新生儿二次断脐的断面使用苯扎氯铵贴，可减少脐部渗血，促进伤口干燥，防止新生儿脐炎，且使用简便、安全。     

三种方法处理新生儿脐带的效果比较

目的探讨安全、有效、方便的处理新生儿脐带的方法。方法将240例正常新生儿随机分为三组,各80例。A组让脐带自然脱落,B组在出生后72 h剪脐,C组使用健婴宝护脐带。三组断脐方法、日常护理及出院指导相同。结果B、C组脐带脱落时间显著短于A组,脐部炎性分泌物发生率显著低于A组(均P<0.01);C组无1例出现脐部周围皮肤破损、渗血,其渗血发生率明显低于A、B组(均P<0.01)。结论使用健婴宝护脐带优于剪脐和让脐带自然脱落,是一种安全有效的处理新生儿脐带的方法。     

改良式球囊导尿管留置导尿观察

目的 探讨安全、有效、方便的处理新生儿脐带的方法。方法 将240例正常新生儿随机分为三组．各80例。A组让脐带自然脱落,B组在出生后72h剪脐,C组使用健婴宝护脐带。三组断脐方法、日常护理及出院指导相同。结果 B、C组脐带脱落时间显著短于A组．脐部炎性分泌物发生率显著低于A组（均P〈0．01）;C组无1例出现脐部周围皮肤破损、渗血,其渗血发生率明显低于A、B组（均P〈0．01）。结论 使用健婴宝护脐带优于剪脐和让脐带自然脱落,是一种安全有效的处理新生儿脐带的方法。     

新生儿脐静脉置管脐旁缠绕固定法效果观察

目的 探讨新生儿脐静脉置管脐旁缠绕固定法的可行性。方法 采用前瞻性类实验研究设计,将145例拟接受脐静脉置管新生儿按住院时间顺序分为两组,脐静脉置管成功后对照组(n=67)常规采用密闭式脐周缠绕固定法,干预组(n=78)采用脐旁缠绕固定法。比较两组患儿导管的总留置时间、更换贴膜的次数、导管移位率及脐部并发症发生率等情况。结果 干预组导管留置时间显著长于对照组,更换贴膜次数显著少于对照组,脐部并发症(渗血、脐部皮肤感染)发生率显著低于对照组(均P<0.05);两组导管移位、导管相关性感染发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 新生儿脐静脉置管采用脐旁缠绕固定法,能有效减少更换贴膜次数及并发症发生率,有效保证留置时间。     

紫外线对新生儿脐部照射的临床观察

多年来,对新生儿一直采用二次断脐法,但临床上仍可发生新生儿脐炎、脐部感染等并发症。1991年9月至12月,我们随机对80例新生儿采用紫外线照射法(观察组)40例与常规剪脐法(对照组)40例进行了临床疗效观察。结果显示,观察组脐部干燥时间短、细菌检出率低、无新生儿脐炎、脐部感染等并发症,无任何副作用。资料与方法1.病例选择:80例均为我院出生的新生儿,其中观察组40例.对照组40例,两组操作时间均在婴儿出生后24～48小时内完成。2.操作方法:对照组采用传统的二次断脐法。观察组在上述基础上,取约20cm×20cm大小的方巾,中心剪开一直径1.5cm大小的圆孔,使方巾的圆孔对准新生儿脐轮断面。保护好婴儿皮肤及眼睛,用短波紫外线灯(2秒钟为1个生物剂量)距     

新生儿脐带残端暴露游泳护理效果探讨

目的探讨脐带残端暴露游泳对新生儿脐部并发症和脐带残端脱落时间的影响。方法将358名正常新生儿分为两组各179名,观察组新生儿游泳时脐带残端直接暴露在水中,对照组新生儿脐带残端用脐贴保护。结果两组新生儿脐带残端脱落时间、脐部并发症发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论新生儿采用脐带残端暴露游泳法,有利于脐带早干燥、早脱落,减少脐部并发症。     

综合护理在60例新生儿脐部护理中的应用体会

目的观察综合护理在新生儿脐部护理中的应用效果。方法随机将2016-05—2017-02间在汝州市第一人民医院出生的120例新生儿分为2组,每组60例。对照组实施常规脐部护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上实施二次剪脐的改进断脐方法和加强换药等脐部综合护理措施。观察2组新生儿脐带残端脱落时间、脐部愈合时间及脐部感染率等。结果观察组新生儿脐带残端脱落时间、脐部愈合时间均短于对照组,脐部感染率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对新生儿脐部实施综合护理,可缩短脐带脱落的时间,促进创口愈合,并预防发生脐部感染。     

纱线结扎止血法用于血液透析穿刺点渗血效果观察

目的探讨血液透析内瘘穿刺点渗血的有效止血方法。方法将56例血液透析患者随机分为观察组及对照组各28例,观察组透析中内瘘穿刺点渗血126例次均采用无菌细纱线结扎止血,对照组内瘘穿刺点渗血120例次均采用无菌棉签压迫止血。结果观察组止血效果显著优于对照组,透析血流通畅率高于对照组,血管并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论血液透析内瘘穿刺点渗血用无菌纱线结扎止血效果好且安全。     

苯扎氯铵冲洗预防腔内钬激光碎石术后感染

目的:探讨输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术中苯扎氯铵溶液冲洗的安全性及预防感染的效果。方法:将90例输尿管结石患者随机分为两组,均行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术,治疗组术中予0.01%苯扎氯铵溶液持续冲洗,对照组予0.9%氯化钠冲洗;观察两组术后尿液常规及尿培养检验结果。结果:85例1次碎石成功(94.4%),1例因输尿管口或输尿管下段狭窄无法进镜碎石,放置双J管后再行ESWL;4例输尿管上段结石冲回至肾脏,1例放置双J管后再行ESWL,3例输尿管镜上行至肾盂行钬激光碎石;治疗组术后尿液细菌数、白细胞和红细胞数明显低于对照组,术后治疗组感染发生率4.4%明显低于对照组的15%。结论:输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术中应用苯扎氯铵溶液冲洗,安全性好,可有效降低尿路感染的发生率。     

Exposure of umbilical cord stump of neonates during swimming

目的 探讨脐带残端暴露游泳对新生儿脐部并发症和脐带残端脱落时间的影响.方法 将358名正常新生儿分为两组各179名,观察组新生儿游泳时脐带残端直接暴露在水中,对照组新生儿脐带残端用脐贴保护.结果 两组新生儿脐带残端脱落时间、脐部并发症发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 新生儿采用脐带残端暴露游泳法,有利于脐带早干燥、早脱落,减少脐部并发症.     

杭州健康女性定量骨超声测定原发性骨质疏松

目的 评价杭州健康女性骨超声速度(SOS)值随增龄减少和骨质疏松患病率，建立杭州地区女性骨超声速度值参考数据库。方法 定量超声法测定1208例杭州地区健康女性桡骨远端(RAD)，第3指骨近节(PLX)，第V跖骨(MTR)和胫骨中段(TIB)的超声速度值。结果 RAD、PLX、MTR和TIBSOS峰值(Peak of SOS)均出现在40-45岁，TJB的SOS峰值出现在35—40岁，此后随年龄增长而下降。绝经后妇女在绝经后早期和晚期各有1个SOS快速减少期，前见于桡骨近端，平均年减少率为2．4％，后见于胫骨中段，平均年减少率为1．8％。各部位骨SOS累积减少率随年龄增长而增加，到85岁4部位累积减少为13％-18％。60岁以后骨质疏松性症(OP)检出率为45％-70％，OP检出率以桡骨远端最高，60-70岁平均为67％，第3指骨近端次之约50％，胫骨中段最低为36％；75岁以后分别为70％，65％和45％。结论 全身各部位骨超声速度值到达峰值的年龄不同，峰值也各有差异。绝经后妇女骨超声速度值随年龄增加减少较快，应予激素和补钙治疗，桡骨远端为本地区SOS检测和OP检出的敏感部位。     

Importance of echocardiography in prognosis of surgical outcomes in cholecystitis in elderly patients

The authors propose to use more often echocardiography (EchoCG) in examination of elderly (over 60 years) of age patients with cholecystitis that permits to increase surgical activity to 92.4%. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most informative. When this fraction is lower than 45% surgery must be recommended on vital indications only. EchoCG was used in 155 patients with cholecystitis, 131 of them were operated. 2 (1.52%) patients died due to acute cardio-vascular insufficiency and pulmonary artery thromboembolism.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性C3H/He小鼠40只,周龄8～10周,体重18～22 g,随机分为4组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、骨癌痛组(B组)、PBS组(P组)和米诺环素组(M组).S组跟骨骨髓腔内注射PBS 10 μl;余3组跟骨骨髓腔内注射含2×105个骨纤维肉瘤细胞的PBS 10 μl制备骨癌痛模型,于造模前即刻开始PBS组鞘内注射PBS 5μl,M组鞘内注射米诺环素(用PBS溶解为0.2 mmol/L)5μl,1次/d,连续11 d.于造模前1 d、造模后即刻、3、5、7、9、11 d时测定机械痛阈;于造模后3、7、9、11 d机械痛阈测定结束后测定冷痛阈.痛阈测定结束后处死小鼠,取脊髓组织,测定神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和CD11b的表达水平.结果 与S组比较,B组和P组造模后3-11 d时、M组造模后3、5 d时机械痛阈升高,B组、P组和M组造模后7～11 d时冷痛阈升高,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达上调(P<0.05).与B组比较,M组造模后3-11 d时机械痛阈降低,造模后7-11 d时冷痛阈降低,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达下调(P<0.05).结论 脊髓胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)的激活参与了小鼠骨癌痛的形成.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.