CT图像数据的数字化获取及存储

目的 研制Siemens Somatom DR3 CT图像数据的数字化获取及存储。方法 通过分析存储DR3 CT图像数据的磁光盘的文件结构及图像数据存储格式，找出其主要特征。在DOS平台下编写设备驱动程序，实现DOS下对DR3 CT磁光盘的读、写。结果 实现了对DR3 CT图像数据的全数字化获取及极低成本存储。结论 与用扫描仪、视频模拟采集卡等通过模数转换方式间接从CT图像获取CT图像数据以及CT图像的胶片和磁光盘保存相比，这种方案无任何信息损失，存储成本低，有很高的性能价格比。     

构建医学影像存档和通讯系统的初步探讨

目的 分析我院放射科医学影像数据存档和通讯系统（PACS）的实施，探讨PACS系统构建的优化方案。方法网络系统设计，利用原有网络及布线资源，将我院的CT、MRI、DSCR／DR、数字胃肠等数字化医疗设备构成局部的树形拓扑结构，完成中心存储系统；与合作公司共同研发了适合本科实际的RIS系统；RIS、HIS、PACS的分步整合应用。结果（1）研发的RIS系统充分满足了临床实际工作的需要。（2）数字化影像设备网络连接，并通过交换机把已有数字化设备连接，完成影像数据的集中光盘刻录保存。（3）应用Worklist功能完成CR／DR病人基本信息的写入，保证了病人信息的一致和正确性。结论该系统通过分步实施，为以后建立大型系统打下了良好的技术基础，是今后PACS系统发展的先期准备。     

科多尼克Codonics Virtua医用影像DICOM光盘出版系统

Codonics的Virtua医用影像DICOM光盘出版系统是世界上最快的全自动智能光盘刻录系统，可以为病人提供更环保的更完整的医疗影像档案，也可作为医院设备自动备份的工具。     

Codonics Virtua医用影像DICOM光盘出版系统

Codonics的Virtua医用影像DICOM光盘出版系统是世界上最快的全自动智能光盘刻录系统，可以为病人提供更环保的更完整的医疗影像档案，也可作为医院设备自动备份的工具。 ·每小时可刻录60张CD或30张DVD，比同类产品快5倍以上； ·CD和DVD可同时在线，自动根据数据量选择光盘种类；     

视觉分散和视听联合分散对青光眼病人疼痛的影响

目的探讨视觉分散和视听联合分散对青光眼病人疼痛的影响。方法采用随机对照法将150例青光眼病人分为3组,每组50例。视觉分散组病人疼痛时观看多媒体(DVD光盘),但不听声音;视听联合分散组病人疼痛时观看DVD光盘并听声音;对照组病人疼痛时既不看DVD光盘,也不听声音。根据两个干预组受试者观看DVD光盘情况对病人疼痛进行评分,比较3组病人的疼痛程度。结果视觉分散和视听联合分散组的疼痛评分较对照组低(p<0.05)。结论视觉分散和视听联合分散对青光眼病人疼痛缓解有一定作用,而且当接受者高度专注于分散目标时,控制疼痛的效果会更好。     

国产模拟定位机影像系统图像存储功能的开发

开发模拟定位机动态图像和单幅图像的存储功能，方便病人复查病情、或者再次模拟定位时。可以较准确的测量出治疗前和治疗后，肿瘤大小的变化，更好的为病人制定最佳放射治疗方案。同时可以作为医疗文书永久保存。该系统保存病人图像资料回放清晰、存储容量大、占用的空间小、查找资料快、不易丢失。是一套具有较好的临床实用价值、操作简单、造价低的影像存储系统。     

国外职业医学核心期刊筛选的初步研究

为了科学评定国外职业医学核心期刊，以指导有关国外信息的合理引进，本文运用计算机技术，以目前国际上含职业医学内容的最具权威的五种文摘类光盘为引用源，试用经典的布拉德福图像法，分析其中的职业医学文献的分布特点。结果发现ＮＩＯＳＨＴＩＣ光盘的职业医学文献分布最为完全，以累计文摘量划定其职业医学核心期刊区的百分比约为５０％，核心期刊为４０种，但由于布拉德福图像精确度尚不够高，故如何运用更合理的数学推导法确定国外职业医学核心期刊，尚待进一步研究     

职业医学领域光盘检索应用初探

职业医学领域光盘检索应用初探上海市劳动卫生职业病防治研究所杨明山，王婉芳，马美琳光盘是八十年代出现的一种新型信息载体。自第一张光盘Ｂｉｂｌｉｆｉｌｅ问世以来，世界上光盘种类已达５５００种［１］，其中医学类光盘有５００余种［２］。国内医学类光盘应用日趋...     

DSA图像质量保证技术

DSA是电子计算机与常规X线血管造影相结合的一种新的检查方法。作为一种实时图像采集和处理系统，其记录方式与传统血管造影方式有所不同，其存储于硬盘、磁带、光盘的数字减影图像可随时通过检索重现，经系统处理可获得多种影像学诊断和治疗疾病的图像信息，图像信息质量的优劣直接关系诊疗效果。本文从医学影像技术学角度出发，通过对科室数字减影血管造影图像质量分析及各项技术要素优化总结，就DSA图像质量及相关技术做如下浅析。     

听觉分散和视听联合分散对妇科人流病人疼痛的影响

目的：了解听觉分散和视听联合分散对妇科人流病人疼痛的影响。方法：采用随机对照法将150例人工流产病人分为3组,每组50例。听觉分散组手术时听CD音乐,视听联合分散组手术时看DVD光盘并听声音,对照组手术时不看光盘且不听音乐。比较3组病人手术时的疼痛程度。结果：听觉分散组和视听联合分散组的疼痛评分、心率及收缩压的变化幅度较对照组低,具有统计学意义。结论：听觉分散和视听联合分散能有效缓解人工流产病人手术时的疼痛。     

基层医院医疗纠纷特点及防范对策

文章对基层医院医疗特点进行了分析,认为防范医疗纠纷的措施包括：强化医院内部管理、倡导医学人文精神、提高业务水平、增强法制观念、尊重患者权力、加强医患沟通、强化纠纷管理、注重解决纠纷技巧等。     

加快推进继续医学教育工作 为卫生事业发展奠定基础

探讨继续医学教育工作。结合我国继续医学教育工作的实际，应在以下方面加快推进继续医学教育工作：进一步提高认识，切实加强对继续医学教育工作的领导；进一步完善继续医学教育相关制度，加强和规范继续医学教育的监督管理；加大对农村和基层继续医学教育工作的支持力度；突出重点，加快推进医学继续教育工作：加强继续医学教育管理干部队伍建设。     

Factors related to outcome following a work hardening program

The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to a return to work following the completion of a work hardening program. Data from the Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta Millard Rehabilitation Centre for 1527 discharges, collected over 22 months, were examined retrospectively. Factors related to return to work were compared bivariately using logistic regression procedures. A multiple logistic regression model for return to work was also determined. The principle predictor of return to work was job-attached status to the pre-injury employer. Other factors related to return to work were education, primary diagnosis, injury to admission time, job attachment to the pre-accident employer, employer's annual payroll, and vocational direction. Due to the strength of the association between job-attached status to the pre-injury employer and a return to work, it was concluded that attempts to maintain this relationship should be a priority for rehabilitation providers and insurance carriers.     

浅谈《医学免疫学》教学中的几个结合

免疫学教学中,学生往往觉得晦涩难懂,从而产生厌学情绪,问题的症结在于学生缺乏兴趣和学习主动性,解决问题的出路在于改变单一的教学手段,紧密结合现代教学方法,加强与其他学科渗透,重视实验操作,鼓励学生参与教学互动,在各种方法相互结合取长补短中达到最佳的教学效果。     

Cultivating a worldly repose: the contribution of Sally Gadow's work to interpretive inquiry

This paper discusses the contribution that the work of Sally Gadow makes to understandings of interpretive inquiry and it's potential to inform and influence nursing practice, research, and education. The discussion draws on several of Gadow's published works that make explicit her understandings of what it means to be interpretive, to be open to multiple truths, to hear multiple voices, to have a history, to be experienced, and to recognize agency in language. Situating this discussion of Gadow's contribution in opposition to a metaphysics of genius is intended to move our understanding of particular work past the subjectivity that produced it, past the subjectivized responses to the work, past the reporting on myself – my thoughts, my perspectives, my experiences – to explore, to see the worthwhileness or even the possibilities of exploring the work itself and the worlds it evokes. This paper is a deliberate attempt to disrupt the call to the author to save us from the task of interpreting the questions that the work itself places us under. Gadow's work itself points us away from a valorization of the voice of the author of the work, a single voice, and towards a cultivation of a worldly repose where each interpretive account points us to some longstanding whole to which the work belongs and from which it gains its sense and significance.     

Reducing occupational exposure to chemical carcinogens

Strategies for controlling occupational exposure to chemicalcarcinogens are set out in the European Union Carcinogens Directiveand in national legislation such as the British Control of SubstancesHazardous to Health Regulations. While such legislative requirementsmust apply to all occupational chemical carcinogens, it is arguedthat priority should be given to controlling those agents thatcontribute most to the cancer burden. Examples of possible strategiesto reduce exposure to two agents (diesel exhaust particulateand paint emissions) are discussed. It is concluded that thereare no real technical difficulties in controlling exposuresto chemical carcinogens; however, for many of the key agents,we need to change attitudes to the potential risks and clearlydemonstrate to employers and employees how to reduce the exposures.     

An activity week for children with cancer: who wants to go and why?

Many children now live with cancer rather than die from it, and such children need both to continue their social, emotional and cognitive development and to make long-term psychological adjustments. This paper presents the findings of a research project set up to explore issues pertinent to the current provision of an activity week experience for a group of British paediatric cancer patients. The aims of the study included finding out which factors discriminate between families who apply for a place to attend the week for their child and families who do not, and to develop a knowledge of what factors are considered by parents and children. The findings suggest that the week appeals to children who are confident, active and able to separate from parents and whose parents are keen to encourage independence and new experiences. Children diagnosed and treated at a younger age and further away from treatment were more likely to express concerns about being homesick and safety and to not apply for the week. Issues of protection, independence and disability are discussed with reference to the importance of parental attitude on children's psychological accommodation to disease and treatment and to the experiences of adult survivors of childhood cancer.     

Nutritional quality of leaves of some genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba)

This study was undertaken to determine the proximate composition, vitamins, minerals and the antinutritional factor tannic acid in leaves of six genotypes of mulberry. The results showed that in fresh mulberry leaves the proximate composition values ranged from 71.13 to 76.68% for moisture, from 4.72 to 9.96% for crude protein, from 4.26 to 5.32% for total ash, from 8.15 to 11.32% for Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), from 0.64 to 1.51% for crude fat, from 8.01 to 13.42% for carbohydrate and from 69 to 86 kcal/100 g for energy. In dried mulberry leaf powder, moisture ranged from 5.11 to 7.24%, crude protein from 15.31 to 30.91%, total ash from 14.59 to 17.24%, NDF from 27.60 to 36.66%, crude fat from 2.09 to 4.93%, carbohydrate from 9.70 to 29.64% and energy from 113 to 224 kcal/100 g. Among vitamins ascorbic acid and β-carotene were found to range from 160 to 280 mg/100 g and from 10,000.00 to 14,688.00 µg/100 g, respectively, in fresh mulberry leaves and from 100 to 200 mg/100 g and from 8438.00 to 13,125.00 µg/100 g, respectively, in dried mulberry leaf powder. The minerals iron, zinc and calcium were observed in the ranges of 4.70–10.36 mg/100 g, 0.22–1.12 mg/100 g and 380–786 mg/100 g, respectively, for fresh mulberry leaves, and 19.00–35.72 mg/100 g, 0.72–3.65 mg/100 g and 786.66–2226.66 mg/100 g, respectively, for dried mulberry leaf powder. The tannic acid ranged from 0.04 to 0.08% in fresh leaves and from 0.13 to 0.36% in dried leaf powder.     

Timing of steps and reasons for delays in obtaining abortions in the United States

OBJECTIVE: We studied the steps in the process of obtaining abortions and women's reported delays in order to help understand difficulties in accessing abortion services. METHODS: In 2004, a structured survey was completed by 1209 abortion patients at 11 large providers, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 38 women at four sites. RESULTS: The median time from the last menstrual period to suspecting pregnancy was 33 days; the median time from suspecting pregnancy to confirming the pregnancy was 4 days; the median time from confirming the pregnancy to deciding to have an abortion was 0 day; the median time from deciding to have an abortion to first attempting to obtain abortion services was 2 days; and the median time from first attempting to obtain abortion services to obtaining the abortion was 7 days. Minors took a week longer to suspect pregnancy than adults did. Fifty-eight percent of women reported that they would have liked to have had the abortion earlier. The most common reasons for delay were that it took a long time to make arrangements (59%), to decide (39%) and to find out about the pregnancy (36%). Poor women were about twice as likely to be delayed by difficulties in making arrangements. CONCLUSIONS: Financial limitations and lack of knowledge about pregnancy may make it more difficult for some women to obtain early abortion.     

Community care staff attitudes towards delivering a falls prevention exercise intervention to community care clients

Millions of older people world-wide receive community care services in their home to assist them to live independently. These services often include personal care, domestic assistance and social support which are delivered by non-university trained staff, and are frequently long term. Older people receiving community care services fall 50% more often than individuals of similar age not receiving services. Yet, few ongoing community care services include exercise programs to reduce falls in this population. We conducted an earlier study to examine the feasibility of community care staff delivering a falls prevention program. A critical finding was that while some of the assessment and support staff responsible for service delivery delivered the falls prevention exercise program to one or two clients, others delivered to none. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative sub-study was to understand reasons for this variation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participating support staff and assessors from 10 community care organisations. Staff who had successfully delivered the intervention to their clients perceived themselves as capable and that it would benefit their clients. Older clients who were positive, motivated and wanted to improve were perceived to be more likely to participate. Staff who had worked at their organisation for at least 5 years were also more likely to deliver the program compared to those that had only worked up to 2 years. Staff that did not deliver the intervention to anyone were more risk averse, did not feel confident enough to deliver the program and perceived their clients as not suitable due to age and frailty. Experienced staff who are confident and have positive ageing attitudes are most likely to deliver falls prevention programs in a home care organisation.