C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化

越来越多的证据支持炎症在动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展中起重要作用，C反应蛋白作为炎症的一种敏感性指标，与动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展、预后及危险因素密切相关，实验和病理资料均提示C反应蛋白参与了动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化性心脑血管病

在动脉粥样硬化形成的炎症机制中，C反应蛋白(CRP)起着重要作用。超敏CRP检测可用于评价动脉粥样硬化性心脑血管病的危险性。通过监测CRP指导抗炎治疗，可能会在心脑血管病的一、二级预防中发挥重要作用。     

高敏C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化

采用超敏感方法检测到的C反应蛋白被称为高敏C反应蛋白.高敏C反应蛋白在冠心病、中风、周围血管栓塞等疾病诊断和预测中发挥越来越重要的作用.越来越多的研究揭示了C反应蛋白直接参与了炎症与动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病,并且是心血管疾病最强有力的预示因子与危险因子之一.各种炎症、组织感染损伤均会引起循环中多种血浆蛋白水平增加,其中C反应蛋白作为一种急性期反应蛋白,其水平增高是体内炎症的敏感指标.而炎症在动脉粥样硬化及心血管相关疾病的发生和发展过程中都起着重要的作用.本文将高敏C反应蛋白和动脉粥样硬化之间的关系及其机制进行综述.     

C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化研究展望

C反应蛋白是在患某些疾病时出现于血清中的一种特殊蛋白质，因其能沉淀肺炎球菌菌体的C多糖而得名，是一种传统的炎症标志物。动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病，炎症从动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成、生长到破裂，构成了其全部病程的基础。随着研究的深入，发现C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化的关系密切，并可能具有重要应用价值。本文综述了C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化研究的最新进展，并对未来研究方向进行了展望。     

C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化

C反应蛋白(CRP)作为炎症介质被认为是心血管事件最强有力的预测因子之一.慢性炎症是动脉粥样硬化发生发展的重要机制.作为急性时相反应蛋白的CRP从其结构、生物特性来看与炎症反应关系密切,成为动脉粥样硬化的介导和标志物.本文就CRP与AS的关系作一综述.     

C反应蛋白与动脉粥样硬化

长期以来,C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)是视为炎症、感染和组织损伤急性期反应的非特异性产物。CRP增高,意味着机体内存在着一定程度的炎症反应。由于它不能提供更多的临床信息,多年来为广大医务工作者所忽视。20世纪90年代末,人们发现CRP增高可强烈预测未来冠状动脉事件,从而激发了广大医生尤其是心血管内科医生的强烈兴趣。越来越多的证据表明,炎症过程在动脉粥样硬化及其并发症的发生与发展过程中起着重要作用。血管炎症标记物的血浆水平有助于区分高危心血管病患者。这些标记物包括P选择素(P-selectin)、白介素-6(IL-6),IL-1、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、可溶性细胞内黏附因子和CRP。新近的临床荟萃研究表明,所有的炎症与细胞因子中,CRP是预测未来心血管危险最有力的炎症标记物。     

C反应蛋白在动脉粥样硬化中的作用

C反应蛋白作为传统的炎性指标在诊断和治疗冠心病的作用越来越受到重视,但其在动脉粥样硬化及心脑血管事件中究竟起什么作用尚有争议。该文简述C反应蛋白在动脉粥样硬化相关的基础、临床研究结果及实际应用价值。     

C反应蛋白在动脉粥样硬化中的作用

C反应蛋白作为传统的炎性指标在诊断和治疗冠心病的作用越来越受到重视,但其在动脉粥样硬化及心脑血管事件中究竟起什么作用尚有争议。该文简述C反应蛋白在动脉粥样硬化相关的基础、临床研究结果及实际应用价值。     

C反应蛋白致动脉粥样硬化的作用

C反应蛋白不仅是一个炎症标志物,它还能活化内皮细胞及单核巨噬细胞,促进血栓的形成,影响血管平滑肌细胞的迁移和增生,并可增加动脉斑块的不稳定性,从而可能直接介导动脉粥样硬化性疾病的发生、发展。     

C反应蛋白致动脉粥样硬化的作用

C反应蛋白不仅是一个炎症标志物,它还能活化内皮细胞及单核巨噬细胞,促进血栓的形成,影响血管平滑肌细胞的迁移和增生,并可增加动脉斑块的不稳定性,从而可能直接介导动脉粥样硬化性疾病的发生、发展。     

C反应蛋白与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病中炎症扮演了重要的角色,而炎症的重要标记物C反应蛋白与冠心病的关系正逐渐成为研究的热潮。现综述C反应蛋白的来源、特性、代谢等问题,并通过临床试验、药物试验、细胞分子水平实验及动物实验几个方面的论述来认识C反应蛋白与冠心病的关系,试图了解目前的证据能支持C反应蛋白在冠状动脉疾病发生发展中所起的作用。     

脂蛋白相关性磷脂酶A2与缺血性心脑血管病

脂蛋白相关性磷脂酶A2（Lp-PLA2）是一种主要由巨噬细胞产生的反映血管炎症的特异性标记物,在低密度脂蛋白的氧化、促进动脉粥样硬化以及冠心病和卒中的形成等方面发挥重要作用。Lp-PLA2水平升高是预测冠心病和卒中风险的一种独立危险因素。     

溶血磷脂酸在动脉粥样硬化和缺血性心脑血管病中的作用

溶血磷脂酸是一种对血细胞和血管壁具有多种作用的磷脂类分子,由活化血小板和低密度脂 蛋白在轻度氧化过程中产生和释放,在动脉粥样硬化和心脑血管病中起着极为重要的作用。溶血磷 脂酸及其受体信号转导系统为动脉粥样硬化和缺血性心脑血管病的早期干预和防治提供了新的靶 点。     

C反应蛋白与超敏C反应蛋白的检测及其临床意义

C反应蛋白（Creactive protein,CRP）是一种急性时相反应蛋白,它参与体内多种生理及病理过程,同时发挥抗炎及促炎双重作用。CRP对于感染及多种结缔组织病的鉴别、判断疾病严重程度或活动性等有重要意义。因测定敏感度的提高,超敏C反应蛋白（hypersensitive-CRP,hs-CRP）对于心脑血管疾病等多种疾病的诊治具有指导意义,尤其是可以作为健康人心血管疾病的有效预测因子。     

颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与缺血性脑血管病

文章概述了颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的成分、斑块的形成和发展、影响斑块稳定性的因素、斑块致缺血性脑血管病的机制以及斑块的诊断和治疗现状.     

动脉粥样硬化性疾病的一级预防进展

动脉粥样硬化性疾病是心血管疾病致死、致残的主要病因。动脉粥样硬化的发生是各种危险因素共同作用的结果。积极推行健康的生活方式、纠正血脂异常、干预血糖、控制血压、关注并纠正高同型半胱氨酸血症,在循证医学指导下规范应用阿司匹林和他汀类药物能够预防心血管事件,减少群体发病率。     

C 反应蛋白的研究进展

C反应蛋白是体内炎性的标志物之一 ,在很多心血管疾病患者血浆C反应蛋白浓度增高。C反应蛋白可导致一氧化氮分泌减少 ,而且能促进血管内皮细胞的凋亡 ,抑制血管的生成 ,还可以促进单核细胞释放组织因子 ,其释放的增加可引起局部血栓形成 ,从而可导致心血管事件的发生。通过降低血浆C反应蛋白浓度 ,能否治疗心血管疾病 ,尚有待进一步研究证实。     

C-reactive Protein in Population Samples

ABSTRACT The significance of C-reactive protein (CRP) was studied in three different sets of specimens. (a) Raised levels (>10 mg/1) were detected in 2.0% of 380 healthy blood donors from whom two blood specimens, taken at an interval of half a year, were tested. Except for two cases, only one of the two specimens was positive, (b) Raised levels were found three times as frequently (in 6.6%) in a random middle-aged population sample consisting of 531 subjects. More than 40% of the raised levels could be connected to acute respiratory infections, and about 20% to smoking. Five of the 35 subjects (14%) in the population sample with elevated CRP had rheumatoid arthritis, (c) The third set of sera comprised pre-illness specimens from 22 subjects who developed rheumatoid arthritis a few months to five years later. Although it had previously been proved that the majority of these sera contained rheumatoid factors, the CRP concentration was increased in one specimen only.     

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases in Belgium: A Cost-of-illness Analysis

Purpose  This study aims to quantify costs of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Belgium in 2004. Methods  Costs were estimated using data on prevalence, healthcare resource utilization and unit costs. Healthcare costs included expenditure on ambulatory care, hospital inpatient care, emergency care, and medications. Costs of prevention campaigns and costs of productivity loss were also included. Results  Costs amounted to 3.5 billion € in Belgium in 2004. Total costs consisted of 80 million € related to prevention and screening, 1.3 billion € related to pre-clinical disease, and 2.2 billion € related to established disease. These costs were incurred by the Belgian third-party payer (58% of costs), patients (10%) and third parties (i.e. employers and supplementary health insurance) (32%). Conclusions  Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases impose a significant economic burden on Belgian society.     

C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Diseases

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a unique risk marker and plays a role in the pathogenesis of inflammation and atherosclerosis. It is synthesized and secreted mainly by hepatocytes in response to interleukin-6 (IL-6) and either IL-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The average plasma half life of CRP is 19 hours. CRP activates complement, increases phagocytic activity of neutrophils, increases respiratory burst of neutrophils, and induces expression of adhesion molecules, synthesis of tissue factor, cytokines from monocytes and platelet aggregation. CRP is involved in development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. High sensitive-CRP (hs-CRP) is a very novel biochemical marker. It is elevated in various conditions including: inflammation both acute and chronic, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, peripheral vascular diseases, diabetes, renal disease, hypertension, and cardiopulmonary bypass. A positive association has been reported between CRP levels and age, smoking, body mass, total cholesterol, lipoprotein a [Lp(a)], homocysteine and fibrinogen. It has a predictive value for the development of peripheral vascular disease, restenosis following percutaneous coronary interventions with or without stent implantation, and complications following cardiopulmonary bypass. Preprocedural high levels of plasma CRP are associated with high incidence of late adverse events (composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, clinical occurrence of symptoms, progression of significant coronary lesion in vessels other then treated ones) after successful coronary stenting. Baseline levels of CRP predict risk of future myocardial infarction, and stroke in apparently healthy middle-aged men and women. CRP levels predict atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease. Increased pretransplant CRP levels are associated with higher risk of acute rejection in transplant recipients. Various strategies to reduce the adverse effects of CRP have been discussed.