腹腔镜胃中上部癌切除术后胃肠道重建方式的选择

目的:总结腹腔镜胃中上部癌切除术后食管与胃或空肠吻合的各种方式,探讨其优缺点及适用范围。方法:2004年5月～2006年11月共行腹腔镜下根治性胃中、上部癌手术95例,4例中转开腹,6例行远端胃大部切除。其余病人中有49例行小切口辅助的食管胃或食管空肠吻合,12例行腹腔镜食管空肠侧侧吻合,25例行腹腔镜食管胃/空肠端侧吻合(含1例因残端癌阳性而中转开腹者)。结果:3组中除腹腔镜食管胃或食管空肠端侧吻合组中有1例因抵钉座放置后残端癌残留而中转开腹外,其余均顺利完成吻合。小切口吻合组术后发生吻合口漏、吻合口出血各1例,均经内科保守治疗痊愈;发生吻合口狭窄1例,经胃镜下扩张后治愈。两个腹腔镜吻合组均无吻合相关并发症。3组吻合平均耗时分别为(50.2±13.6)min、(43.5±10.4)min、(55.4±14.5)min。结论:尽管对于多数病人,在小切口辅助下能安全地完成食管胃/空肠吻合,但对于肥胖、左肝肥大等特殊体型病人,或因进展期贲门癌要求食管切断平面较高者,以采用腹腔镜下吻合为宜。合理地选择吻合方式,是安全、省时及切除充分的手术保证。     

Intracorporeal circular stapling esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil (OrVil™) after laparoscopic total gastrectomy

Background

Laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) has not become as popular as laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) because of the more difficult reconstruction technique. Despite various modifications of reconstruction methods after LTG, an optimal procedure has yet to be established. The authors report the newly developed reconstruction technique after LTG: intracorporeal circular stapling esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil (OrVil?; Covidien, Mansfield, MA, USA).

Methods

After full mobilization of the abdominal esophagus, the esophagus is transected with an endoscopic linear stapler. The anvil is then transorally inserted into the esophagus by using the OrVil? system. After jejunojejunostomy is performed through a 4-cm midline minilaparotomy, preparing a 50-cm Roux-en-Y jejunal limb, a circular stapler is inserted into the jejunum and introduced into the abdominal cavity. Pneumoperitoneum is established by sealing off the laparotomy wound retractor with a surgical glove attached to the circular stapler. Double-stapling esophagojejunostomy with a circular stapler is performed intracorporeally, and the jejunal stump is closed with an endoscopic linear stapler.

Results

Of the 16 patients who underwent this operation, there was no intraoperative complication or conversion to open surgery, and no patient required an extension of the initial incision for anastomosis. Mean operation time and blood loss were 194 min and 272 ml, respectively. One patient developed an intra-abdominal abscess postoperatively. Postoperative fluorography revealed no anastomosis leakage or stenosis in any of the patients. Patients resumed an oral liquid diet on postoperative day 3–5, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 11 days.

Conclusions

We have successfully performed LTG with Roux-en-Y reconstruction using our technique in 16 patients without any anastomosis complications. We believe that our procedure is a secure and reliable reconstruction method after LTG, which is especially useful in obese patients, in whom conventional extracorporeal anastomosis often is difficult.     

反穿刺器在腹腔镜食管-残胃（空肠）吻合术中的应用

目的探讨新型装置反穿刺器（RPD）在腹腔镜食管．残胃（空肠）吻合术中应用的可行性、安全性及临床效果。方法2010年8月至2011年10月,第二军医大学附属长海医院微创外科对14例胃癌及4例贲门胃肠间质瘤患者施行腹腔镜下食管．空肠（残胃）吻合术,即在腹腔镜下切开食管前壁,置人RPD,在切口上方3cm处自食管前壁穿出,紧贴切口上方切割闭合食管残端,完成抵钉座的放置,随后在上腹正中小切口辅助下进一步完成吻合。结果18例患者中男12例,女6例,年龄42～68（平均53）岁。全组患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间125～235（平均155）min,抵钉座的平均放置时间为12min,术中出血60—100（平均75）ml。患者均在术后第2-3d肛门排气,未发生吻合i21瘘、吻合口狭窄、腹腔感染等并发症,于术后7～13d出院,无围手术期死亡病例。术后随访11～25月,均无复发病例。结论利用RPD行食管．残胃（空肠）吻合术,可免去在食管进行荷包缝合的操作,且不需要麻醉师配合放置带抵钉座的胃管,更加简便安全。     

Stenosis after use of the double-stapling technique for reconstruction after laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy

Background

The double-stapling technique (DST) for esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil (OrVil; Covidien Japan, Tokyo, Japan) is one of the reconstruction methods used after laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG). This technique has potential advantages in terms of less invasive surgery without the need to create a complicated intraabdominal anastomosis.

Methods

From 2008 to 2011, 262 patients with gastric cancer underwent total gastrectomy and reconstruction with a Roux-en-Y anastomosis, and 52 patients underwent LATG with DST. A retrospective analysis then was performed comparing the patients who experienced postoperative stenosis after LATG-DST (positive group) and the patients who did not (negative group). A comparative analysis was performed among patients comparing conventional open total gastrectomy and LATG, and multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for the development of anastomotic stenosis.

Results

A minor leak was found in 1 patient (1.9 %), and 11 patients experienced anastomotic stenosis (21 %) after LATG with DST. Among the patients with anastomotic stenosis, three (3/4, 75 %) anastomoses were performed with the 21-mm end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) stapler, and eight anastomoses were performed (8/47, 17 %) with the 25-mm EEA stapler. The median interval to the diagnosis of anastomotic stenosis was 43 days after surgery. The patients with stenosis needed endoscopic balloon dilation an average of four times, and the rate of perforation after dilation was 13 %. The clinical and operative characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Anastomotic stenosis after open total gastrectomy occurred in two cases (0.98 %). Multivariate analysis showed that the size of the EEA stapler and the use of DST were risk factors for anastomotic stenosis.

Conclusion

Esophagojejunostomy using DST with OrVil is useful in performing a minimally invasive procedure but carries a high risk of anastomotic stenosis.     

腹腔镜胃切除食管-空肠（残胃）吻合新技术

目的 介绍新型经口底钉座置入装置（OrVil^TM,Covidien）在腹腔镜胃切除食管-空肠或残胃管状吻合术中的应用,探讨其可行性、安全性及临床效果.方法 对5例贲门、胃体癌患者及1例贲门部间质瘤患者分别施行腹腔镜下根治性全胃切除加食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术以及近端胃次全切除加食管-残胃吻合术,用新型OrVil^TM装置经口将底钉座置入食管下端,进行食管-空肠或食管-残胃吻合.结果 6例患者手术均顺利,手术时间（183.3±25.8）min,术中出血（128.3±90.2）ml;术后（4.0±1.1）d恢复胃肠功能当天,行上消化道碘剂造影提示吻合口通畅无狭窄和瘘后开始进食,术后（9.0±2.6）d出院.术后28 d随访,患者一般情况良好,无吻合口狭窄等并发症发生.结论 用OrVil^TM新型装置在食管内放置底钉座,行食管-空肠（残胃）管状吻合安全可靠,近期临床疗效佳.     

Linear stapling forms improved anastomoses during esophagojejunostomy after a total gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Circular stapling devices are commonly used to form esophagojejunal anastomoses after total gastrectomy. However, the technique has potential problems with placement of the purse-string suture and insertion of the anvil of the instrument. METHODS: We describe an improved technique for esophagojejunostomy by functional end-to-end anastomosis with linear stapling devices. RESULTS: Three patients with gastric cancer underwent this procedure after total gastrectomy. No anastomotic leakage or clinical evidence of stenosis was encountered. The maximum diameters of the anastomoses, evaluated by radiography with barium at 6 months after surgery, were 3.5 cm and 4.0 cm in 2 patients. Endoscopic examination revealed clear lines of anastomosis with a straight continuity between the distal esophagus and the jejunum. CONCLUSIONS: Our improved technique for esophagojejunostomy by functional end-to-end anastomosis with two linear staplers is a convenient, safe and reliable procedure that is independent of the width of the esophagus and the depth of the esophageal hiatus.     

A Step-Wise Approach to Total Laparoscopic Gastrectomy with Jejunal Pouch Reconstruction: How and Why We Do It

Laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) is a safe alternative compared to open gastrectomy for cancer. To increase the uptake of minimally invasive approaches and facilitate their analysis and improvement a stepwise approach is warranted. This study describes our technique and experiences total laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) with jejunal pouch reconstruction for gastric cancer. Technical modifications throughout the years were described. In patients with anastomotic leakage, the CT-scan and reoperation report were reviewed to identify the location and cause of the leak. A total of 47 patients who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy with extracorporeal jejunal pouch reconstruction and stapled circular esophagojejunostomy from May 2007 to August 2015 were prospectively analyzed. A stepwise approach of 10 steps was designed based on video and case analysis. Median operation time was 301 (148–454) minutes and median blood loss was 300 (30–900) milliliters. Anastomotic leakage occurred in six (12.8 %) patients; additionally, one (2.12 %) jejunal-pouch staple line leak was identified. An important modification in our technique was a purse-string suture around the anvil of the circular stapler to prevent esophageal mucosa to slip away. After this modification, the leakage rate was reduced to 7 % in the last 15 procedures. In conclusion, TLG with jejunal pouch reconstruction is a feasible procedure in a selected group of patients. Our stepwise approach and technique may help surgeons to introduce jejunal pouch reconstruction during laparoscopic gastrectomy in their center.     

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of esophagojejunostomy after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy using a trans-orally inserted anvil: a single-center comparative study

Background

Although laparoscopic surgery is frequently performed for the treatment of gastric cancer, laparoscopic total gastrectomy is not widely performed because of its technical difficulty. Since December 2007 we have performed esophagojejunostomy after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) in more than 110 cases in our institution by using a circular stapler with a trans-orally inserted anvil. We performed a single-center comparative study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of esophagojejunostomy using a trans-orally inserted anvil in patients who underwent TLTG for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Methods

In the present study, we examined 329 patients with gastric cancer who underwent esophagojejunostomy using a circular stapler after total gastrectomy. Data on the clinicopathological features, operative time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of anastomosis-related complications among the surgical groups were obtained by reviewing the medical records, which were then analyzed.

Results

Approximately 67 % of the patients were men, and the average patient age was 64.0 years (range 26–93 years). In addition, 166 (50.5 %) and 163 (49.5 %) patients underwent open and laparoscopic surgery, respectively. Leakage following esophagojejunostomy was noted in 7 (4.2 %) of 166 patients who underwent total gastrectomy with open laparotomy, and 0 of 46 patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG). However, only 2 (1.7 %) of 117 patients who underwent TLTG using a trans-orally inserted anvil exhibited leakage following esophagojejunostomy. Anastomotic stenosis of the esophagojejunostomy was observed in 5 (3.0 %) of 166 patients who underwent total gastrectomy with open laparotomy, 2 (4.3 %) of 46 patients who underwent LATG, and 2 (1.7 %) of 117 patients who underwent TLTG using a trans-orally inserted anvil.

Conclusions

We believe that esophagojejunostomy using a trans-orally inserted anvil after TLTG for gastric cancer is a safe and useful surgical procedure.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy using newly developed purse-string suture instrument "Endo-PSI"

Although there are several reports on the esophagojejunostomy during laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy, the procedures still remain to be established. We report hand-assisted laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy using circular stapler and newly developed instrument "Endo-PSI." Between April 2005 and April 2006, 13 patients received these products during laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy. The Endo-PSI was attached to the abdominal esophagus using hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery. The insertion of the straight needle with 2-0 polypropylene into the device and the cutting of the esophagus were also performed using hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery. The insertion of the anvil head into the esophagus and the ligation of the purse-string suture were performed laparoscopically. After the jejuno-jejunal anastomosis was performed extracorporeally, the combination of the circular stapler for esophagojejunostomy and the closure of the stump of the jejunum were performed laparoscopically. There were no complications attributable to this procedure and there were no cases that required conversion to conventional open procedure or required extension of median incision. This newly developed Endo-PSI was useful for laparoscopic purse-string suture.     

Experience with the EEA stapler for esophagojejunostomy

From January 1979 through December 1986, 239 patients underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. In 94 patients esophagojejunostomy was performed with the EEA stapler and in 145 patients hand sutures were employed. Operating time (mean +/- SD) was 288 +/- 60 minutes in the stapled group and 306 +/- 75 minutes in the sutured group (p less than 0.05). The length of the resected esophagus (mean +/- SD) was 19 +/- 17 mm in the former and 14 +/- 14 mm in the latter (p less than 0.01). The rate of leakage was 7.4% in the former and 13.8% in the latter with no significant difference. Five patients (3.4%) died within 30 days after sutured anastomosis and in two of them death was caused by anastomotic leakage. There was no operative death in the stapled group. It seemed that the stapler was able to simplify and facilitate esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy and that anastomosis with the stapler was at least as reliable as that with hand sutures.     

贲门癌根治术术中管状吻合器的使用优点及技巧探讨

目的 探讨贲门癌根治术(食管空肠吻合及残胃食管吻合)术中管状吻合器的使用优点及技巧.方法 1998年～2007年本院753例贲门癌根治术行食管空肠吻合或残胃食管吻合重建消化管,术中均使用一次性管状吻合器.结果 本组753例,无手术死亡,行胸腹联合手术6例(0.80%),无吻合口漏发生,吻合器切割不全2例(0.26%),发生吻合口狭窄4例(0.53%),腹腔感染1例(0.13%),膈疝1例(0.13%),术后标本病理检查上切缘癌累及1例,下切缘均未累及.结论 在贲门癌根治术中,管状吻合器的运用简化了手工操作程序,可靠、安全、省时,降低贲门癌进胸手术比例,手术创伤小,恢复快,能有效地预防吻合口瘘和狭窄.但吻合器吻合也不是绝对安全的,吻合口瘘、出血、狭窄等并发症仍有一定的发生率,术中技巧值得在今后的工作中进一步总结、探讨.     

Outcome of overlap anastomosis using a linear stapler after laparoscopic total and proximal gastrectomy

Background

Recently, novel intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler after laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) was reported and termed as the overlap method. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of the overlap method for esophagojejunostomy or esophagogastrostomy after LTG or laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG), respectively.

Methods

Twenty-five patients underwent anastomosis using a linear stapler during esophagojejunostomy and esophagogastrostomy after LTG and LPG, respectively. Clinicopathological data and surgical outcomes were evaluated.

Results

The average surgical duration for LTG was 236.8?min compared with 224.1?min for LPG. Postoperative complications were observed in four patients (16.0%); these included a wound infection, an intestinal obstruction, an afferent loop syndrome, and a reflux symptom. The average postoperative hospital stay of the patients was 12.5?days. There was no case of conversion to open surgery, anastomotic leakage or stenosis, or mortality.

Conclusions

The overlap method for esophagojejunostomy or esophagogastrostomy after LTG or LPG is safe and feasible and does not require an additional minilaparotomy, which may result in less pain and favorable cosmetic outcomes.     

Antireflux contrivance in jejunal pouch reconstruction after total and proximal gastrectomies

BACKGROUND/AIM: In the reconstruction after gastrectomy, a jejunal pouch may be inferior as a gastric substitute to an isoperistaltic jejunum in terms of preventing reflux. We have developed an antireflux contrivance. METHODS: A jejunal pouch was made by side-to-side anastomosis of both limbs of the jejunum folded into an inverted U, leaving a bridge of the jejunum 15 cm long at the top of the jejunal pouch (apical bridge). The apical bridge is cut near its oral end, and esophagojejunostomy is done, leaving the isoperistaltic jejunum 6-8 cm long positioned between esophagus and jejunal pouch. RESULTS: This antireflux contrivance was performed in 37 patients undergoing total gastrectomy and in 22 patients undergoing proximal gastrectomy. There were no operative deaths in this series. Neither anastomotic bleeding nor anastomotic leakage were observed. In a questionnaire survey, 5 patients answered that they had had heartburn twice a week or more often, but the answer was not repeated by any patient. On endoscopic examination, all patients but 1 had normal findings for the esophagus. Mild esophagitis was observed in 1 patient. CONCLUSION: The antireflux contrivance reported here can be easily, safely, and uniformly done, and it is a useful technique.     

The prevention of anastomotic leakage after total gastrectomy with local decontamination. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial.

OBJECTIVE: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled multicenter trial was undertaken in 205 patients treated with total gastrectomy for gastric malignancies to evaluate whether local antimicrobial measures reduce the incidence of esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Anastomotic leakage of the esophagojejunostomy is always a septic complication of total gastrectomy for gastric malignancies, but it never has been attempted to prevent this complication with the administration of topical antimicrobial agents during the critical phase of anastomotic wound healing. METHODS: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical decontamination, the study was carried out as a prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical multicenter trial in patients with total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Patients received either placebo or decontamination with polymyxin B (100 mg), tobramycin (80 mg), vancomycin (125 mg), and amphotericin B (500 mg) four times per day orally from the day before the operation until the seventh postoperative day. All patients received a perioperative intravenous prophylaxis with cefotaxime 2 x 2 g. Other interventions including the administration of antibiotics and fluids, were not affected by the study protocol. RESULTS: Of 260 patients who were randomized, total gastrectomy was not carried out in 55 patients. They dropped out of the study. Patients receiving an esophagojejunostomy were observed until day 42, when they were discharged from the clinic or died. An intention-to-treat analysis of the data was carried out. Among the 103 recipients of placebo, there were 11 (10.6%) with an anastomotic leakage of the esophagojejunostomy, and among the 102 recipients of decontamination, there were 3 (2.9%) with an anastomotic leakage of the esophagojejunostomy (p = 0.0492). Pulmonary infections were observed in 23 patients (22.3%) receiving placebo and in 9 patients (8.8%) who were decontaminated (p = 0.02). There were 11 deaths (10.6%) among the recipients of placebo and 5 deaths (4.9%) among the recipients of decontamination (p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Decontamination with polymyxin, tobramycin, vancomycin, and amphotericin B during anastomotic wound healing is safe and effective in the prevention of esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage after total gastrectomy.     

Problems associated with the EEA stapling technique for esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy

Since November 1980, the EEA stapling device has been used to create an end-to-side esophagojejunostomy in 238 patients who underwent total gastrectomy. Failures in the stapling technique were divided into two groups: immediate and delayed. Immediate failures were observed and corrected at the time of surgery. In ten cases, the muscular layer of the esophagus was disrupted, and in three the mucosal layer of the jejunum was disrupted. There were 18 delayed complications: eight cases of anastomotic leakage (3.4%), and ten of stenosis (4.2%). The leakage in one case was classified as major, and those in the other seven as minor. Of the ten stenosis cases, there were five of membranous stricture, four of granular stricture, and one of narrowing after major leakage healing. Only this last case required further surgical treatment. The other nine were successfully dilated either endoscopically or by bougienage.     

Total and proximal gastrectomy in the treatment of gastric carcinoma: A series of 305 cases

A total of 305 total or proximal gastrectomies for gastric carcinoma were performed in 291 patients. Of the tumors 51.5% were of the intestinal-type and 35.7% were of the diffuse-type of carcinoma. Proximal gastrectomy was performed in 68 patients, total gastrectomy in 230, and anastomotic resection in 7. In 25 patients a reresection for recurrent carcinoma was performed. After total gastrectomy the main reconstructive procedures were end-to-side esophago-jejunostomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. The hospital mortality rate was 13.4%. The main causes of death were anastomotic leakage and pulmonary embolism. The incidence of leakage was 10.8% and the complication proved fatal in 36.4% of the patients who developed it. After Roux-en-Y reconstruction only 8% of the patients with leakage died. After curative operations 27% of the patients survived for over 5 years (relative survival rate of 33%). The 5-year survival rates for the intestinal-type and diffusetype of carcinoma were similar, but the 10-year survival rate for intestinal-type of carcinoma was significantly better. In our view a relatively high mortality rate after total or proximal gastrectomy has to be accepted when older patients are concerned, and when no other curative procedure is possible on account of the site and extent of invasion of the tumor. However, in cases where radical resection can be achieved by means of subtotal gastrectomy, this method is best. At present, in cases of the diffuse-type of carcinoma of the corpus, we perform a total gastrectomy instead of subtotal gastrectomy. In the small series of reresections the results were encouraging.     

全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中带血管弓单管空肠的应用

目的探讨带血管弓单管空肠在食管胃结合部腺癌和胃中上部癌行全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中处理吻合口张力的可行性。方法回顾性分析2012年12月至2013年4月期间,笔者所在医院应用带血管弓单管空肠处理食管胃结合部腺癌和胃中上部癌行全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中吻合口张力过高问题的13例患者的临床资料,总结手术体会。结果吻合前空肠上提最大延长长度为（7.75±1.75）cm（4～10 cm）,吻合后空肠上提实际延长长度为（5.95±1.82）cm（3～9 cm）,延长长度实际使用率为（77.91±16.60）%（50.0%～100.0%）。术后发生急性尿储留1例,发生左肝下间隙脓肿、腹腔感染1例,无手术死亡或严重术后并发症如吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄、腹腔出血等病例。结论带血管弓单管空肠技术能够有效安全地延长空肠系膜长度,从而降低吻合口张力。该技术在临床实践中简便易行,在遇到吻合口有潜在张力风险时可考虑采用。     

Stapled or manual suturing in esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy: a comparison of outcome in 379 patients

From January 1983 to December 1989, we performed esophagojejunostomy on 379 patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A mechanical EEA stapler or conventional manual suturing was used. The clinical outcomes of 199 patients in whom stapling was used (stapler group) and 180 patients in whom manual suturing was done (manual group) were compared. Two of the 199 patients in the stapler group and 3 of the 180 patients in the manual group died of causes directly related to the anastomosis. In the stapler group, 16 stapled anastomoses were formed supradiaphragmatically, and manual suturing was done for 6 patients. The highly placed anastomosis was formed without left thoracotomy or with median sternotomy in 8 of the 16 patients in whom the stapling device was used and in 1 of the 6 patients in whom manual suturing was used. The incidence of anastomotic leakage and stenosis did not differ between the groups. Thus, the mechanical stapler facilitated the construction of a rapid, reliable esophagojejunostomic anastomosis.     

胃癌切除术后吻合口漏营养支持19例报告

目的:总结胃癌切除术后食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏的营养支持经验,以提高对食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏的治疗水平。方法:对1997年1月至2006年12月,中国人民解放军总医院治疗的胃癌切除术后6例食管胃吻合口漏和13例食管空肠吻合口漏共19例病人进行回顾性分析。结果:19例均加强吻合口附近的腹腔引流,采用持续胃肠减压,均先给予肠外营养支持、然后从肠外营养支持逐步过渡到肠内营养支持的治疗手段。16例在肠外营养液中强化了谷氨酰胺,19例均使用生长抑素,5例在吻合口漏愈合期加用了生长激素。在首次胃癌切除术后,4例漏口21～30d自愈,12例漏口30～60d愈合,2例漏口60～81d愈合,1例因严重的左侧胸腔、肺部感染合并腹腔感染于首次胃癌切除术后42d死亡。结论:保证腹腔引流的通畅、持续胃肠减压,特别是肠外结合肠内营养支持、强化谷氨酰胺、生长抑素、生长激素等措施,是促进胃癌切除术后食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏愈合的重要手段。     

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??Objective:To summarize the nutritional supporting experiences in anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and to increase the level of treatment of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy. Methods:A total of 19 cases of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy (6 cases) or esophagojejunostomy (13 cases) after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma in PLA General Hospital from January 1997 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Results:All of the cases were treated with abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression and parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition.Sixteen cases were given glutamine enrichment.Ninteen cases were infused somatostatin.Five cases were supplemented recombinant human growth hormone.Four cases′ fistula had been healed after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma 21??30d.Twelve cases′ fistula had been healed 30??60d.Two cases′ fistula had been healed 60??81d.One case complicated with severe sepsis of thoracic cavity,lung and abdominal cavity died 42d after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Conclusion:The treatment with abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression,parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition,glutamine,somatostatin and recombinant human growth hormone are the important factors for healing of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.