实时超声造影成像在肝脏局灶性病变中的应用研究

超声是筛检肝肿瘤应用最广泛的影像手段,但常规的B超和彩色多普勒超声对肝脏局灶性病变的定性诊断的敏感性及特异性较低,但超声造影技术的突破性进展使肝脏超声诊断的准确率有了很大的提高,近年来,实时超声造影在肝脏疾病诊断中得到较广泛的应用,显著提高了肝脏局灶性病变的检测、定性和局部消融监测的诊断效能。     

超声造影对移植肝脏局灶性病变的诊断价值

目的：评价超声造影对移植肝脏局灶性病变的诊断价值。方法：对30例移植肝脏局灶性病变患者,用西门子Sequoia 512彩色多普勒超声诊断仪和超声对比剂Sonovue进行超声造影检查,观察三个时相的对比剂灌注模式,并用自动跟踪对比量化技术（Axius ACQ）对病灶及周围肝组织进行定量分析。所有病例均经病理及临床随访证实。结果：30例移植肝脏局灶性病变患者,超声造影正确诊断29例,包括肝癌复发18例、非均质脂肪肝5例、肝血管瘤4例、梗死灶2例;超声造影误诊1例,超声造影怀疑肝癌复发,经穿刺活检诊断为局灶性脂肪浸润。结论：移植肝脏局灶性病变具有各自典型的增强模式,超声造影技术有助于移植肝脏局灶性病变的鉴别诊断,具有重要临床价值。     

超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变的定量分析及临床价值研究

目的 探讨超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变的定量分析结果及临床价值.方法 选取2017年1月～2019年1月100例肝脏病变患者,根据病变性质分为恶性组(n=67)和良性组(n=33).分别进行实时超声造影及彩色多普勒超声检查.应用时间-强度曲线(TIC曲线)分析超声造影图像.结合TIC曲线形态及由TIC曲线得到的病灶的始增时...     

肝脏局灶性病变的血管造影检查

目前,肝脏局灶性病变的首次检出和定性诊断几乎只有通过超声、CT以及超声和CT导向活检才能达到。血管造影的适应范围主要限于外科手术前确定肝动脉、门静脉和肝静脉的血管解剖以及用于门静脉肿瘤种植的局部化疗或肝肿瘤的栓塞治疗。当非损伤性影象检查方法被拒用以及活检不安全时,唯有血管造影对局灶性病变的定性诊断能提供更多的信息。术前必须了解肝的动脉和静脉的血供类型,占位性病变侵犯哪个(些)段以及门静脉在肝内的分支情况。腹腔——肠系膜动脉造影、间接门静脉造影、选择性肝灌注造影、经皮经肝穿刺门静脉造影以及选择性肝静脉造影可以解决这些问题。     

超声造影检查肝脏局灶性病灶的临床价值分析

目的探讨超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变良恶性临床鉴别与诊断中的应用价值。方法对收治的肝脏局灶性病变患者分别采用常规超声和实时超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)进行检查,以手术病理确诊结果为金标准进行两种方法的诊断效果进行对比分析。结果病理确诊病灶类型:肝细胞肝癌38例,血管瘤8例,局灶性结节性增生3例,不均匀脂肪肝5例,硬化结节6例,结核球2例,术后包裹性积液1例,肝转移癌5例。常规超声诊断肝脏局灶性病变的敏感性为65.12%,特异性为72.00%,准确性为67.65%;超声造影诊断肝脏局灶性病变的敏感性为88.37%,特异性为92.00%,准确性为89.71%;经统计学分析发现发现超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变诊断的敏感性为、特异性、准确性明显高于常规超声,且差异具有统计学意义。恶性组的开始增强时间、增强峰值时间、消退时间及峰值强度与良性组比较存在明显差异,且差异具有统计学意义。结论应用时间-强度曲线取得的超声造影定量参数变化特征能够反映肝肿瘤微小血管血流分布情况及灌注量,对鉴别诊断肝脏局灶性病变具有较高的临床应用价值。     

实时超声造影技术诊断肝脏微小局灶性病变的价值

目的:探讨肝脏微小局灶性病变(最大径≤2cm)的实时超声造影诊断价值。材料和方法:对205个≤2cm肝脏局灶性病变分别进行实时超声造影及常规超声检查,将诊断结果分为良性、恶性和不能确定,最终诊断经病理学、同期其他影像及实验室检查证实,并随访10~30个月。结果:恶性肿瘤65个病灶,良性病灶140个。与病理诊断比较,超声造影诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为85.0%、90.5%及88.5%,常规超声分别为40.0%、47.6%及42.6%。病灶动脉期高增强及门静脉期或延迟期低增强为诊断恶性的重要指标。结论:实时超声造影技术对鉴别诊断肝脏微小(≤2cm)局灶性病变具有重要的临床应用价值。     

超声造影鉴别肝脏局灶性病变良恶性的临床意义

目的评价超声造影技术在鉴别良恶性肝脏局灶性病变中的临床意义,并与常规超声比较。方法 83例经穿刺活检及手术或临床证实的肝脏局灶性病变(38例恶性和45例良性)均经常规超声和超声造影检查,对肝脏局灶性病变在造影检查中的强化型式与时相特征逐例进行了观察与记录,并用卡方检验比较了两种方法对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断效能。结果肝脏局灶性病变随其良性与恶性而表现为不同的强化型式与时相特征。超声造影正确诊断34例恶性和43例良性病变,其诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为89.5%、95.6%和92.8%,而常规超声正确诊断23例恶性和22例良性病变,其诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为60.5%、48.9%和54.2%。两种方法诊断效能比较有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论超声造影技术在肝脏局灶性病变良恶性鉴别诊断中具有重要的临床应用价值,并可取代常规超声。     

实时超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变诊断中的应用

目的:评价实时超声造影技术在肝脏局灶性病变诊断中的作用及意义.方法:采用实时超声造影技术,对我院269例肝脏局灶性病变进行超声造影检查.结果:92.4%恶性病变动脉相呈现回声增强.病灶动脉相呈现高增强或等增强、延迟相消退为低增强或无增强,在良性病变中占13.8%(19/138),恶性病变中为94.7%(124/131);实时超声造影诊断肝脏局限性病灶的敏感度89.6%,特异度97.5%,诊断符合率93.2%.结论:实时超声造影可显示肝局灶性病变的血流灌注特点,对肝局灶性病变的分类诊断有重要的应用价值.     

超声造影对肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值

肝脏占位性病变发生率较高,常常因查体被发现。尽管超声检查操作便捷,但确诊往往有赖于增强CT或增强MRI。超声造影增加了对比增强显像的信息,是对彩色多普勒超声检查的重要补充。笔者将2007—09至2010—02超声查体发现肝占位性病变的超声造影结果做以研究,旨在评价超声造影对肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值。     

灰阶超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变诊断中的应用

目的探讨实时灰阶超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变诊断与鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析36例肝脏局灶性病变患者的超声造影表现,评价病灶增强时相及其形态学特征,并进行血流动力学分析。同时与CDFI进行比较,部分病例与CT进行对照。结果不同性质占位性病变具有不同的造影增强表现;与CDFI相比,超声造影可明显提高病灶血流显示率;同时,对于直径≤1.0cm病灶,检出率明显提高。结论超声造影在肝脏局灶性病变诊断和鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。     

超声造影与CT增强扫描对肝占位性病变的诊断价值比较

目的 :对比超声造影与CT增强扫描在肝占位性病变中的诊断价值,为临床诊断肝占位性病变提供参考依据。方法 :回顾性分析71例肝占位性病变患者的临床资料,比较超声造影与CT增强扫描的诊断阳性率,对比2种检查方法的诊断价值。结果:超声造影对肝癌、肝血管瘤及肝局灶性结节增生的诊断阳性率分别为83.33%、88.00%及82.14%,而CT增强扫描分别为88.89%、92.00%及85.71%,2种检查方法的诊断阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。此外,2种检查方法对肝癌、肝血管瘤及肝局灶性结节增生均具有较高的诊断效能(P0.05)。结论:超声造影与CT增强扫描对肝占位性病变的诊断价值相当。     

Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided biopsy of focal hepatic lesions not localised on B-mode ultrasound

Objective

To prospectively evaluate the technical feasibility of percutaneous real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) guided biopsy of focal hepatic lesions that are not confidently localised on B-mode US.

Methods

The study included 44 patients (mean age, 61.3 years) whose biopsy target could not be confidently localised on B-mode US performed by two independent radiologists. Biopsy was attempted under the guidance of both CEUS and B-mode US simultaneously displayed on a single monitor. Final diagnosis was established based on the pathological examination of the biopsy specimen as well as on clinical and radiological follow-up.

Results

The size and depth of the target lesions were 18.0?±?9.0 mm (mean ± SD) and 41.8?±?17.2 mm respectively. Five patients with negative or indistinct CEUS findings did not undergo biopsy, while 39 patients completed the biopsy. In 38 of the 39 patients, the biopsy result was concordant with the final diagnosis. In the remaining one patient, the biopsy failed to prove metastasis. As there were six cases of technical failure, the technical success rate was 86% (38/44). The sensitivity in diagnosing malignancy was 88% (30/34).

Conclusion

Real-time CEUS-guided biopsy is technically feasible for hepatic focal lesions that are not confidently localised on B-mode US.     

Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosing of focal spleen lesions

Objective

To investigate the features of focal spleen lesions (FSLs) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging.

Materials and methods

CEUS with a blot injection of SonoVue was performed in 48 patients with 75 FSLs (median diameter 2.6 cm) and their perfusion characteristics were analyzed by using contrast pulse sequences (CPS) technique.

Results

Among 19 malignant lesions (10 metastases, 7 lymphoma, 1 hemangiosarcoma, 1 epithelioid hemangioendothelioma) and 56 benign lesion (23 hemangiomas, 14 cysts, 8 infarctions, 4 splenic ruptures, 3 tuberculosis, 2 abscess, 1 pseudoaneurysm, 1 lymphangioma), 25 benign lesions were demonstrated nonenhancement. For malignancy, 50.0% (5/10) metastases and 57.1% (4/7) lymphomas were showed hypoenhancement in the arterial phase, and 18 (94.7%) of malignant lesions were hypo-enhancement in the parenchymal phase. Among 31 benign lesions with enhancement, 27 (87.1%) were showed isoenhancement or hyperenhancement in the arterial phase and 22 (71.0%) lesions were isoenhancement or hyperenhancement in the parenchymal phase. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosis for FSLs were 91.1%, 95.0% and 92.0% for CEUS and 75.0%, 84.2% and 77.3% respectively, for the conventional baseline ultrasound (BUS).

Conclusion

Real-time CEUS can provide valuable information for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of FSLs.     

灰阶超声造影在肝脏病变中的应用

本文通过对灰阶超声造影技术原理、扫查方法的描述，介绍了一种超声造影技术的新方法。同时。通过对国内外研究者各项研究结果的综述，展现了灰阶超声造影技术在正常肝脏和肝硬化定量研究、肝脏肿瘤检出、肝内局灶性病变鉴别诊断的最新研究结果以及在这些领域中此项技术与其它检查方法对比的优缺点。表明了灰阶超声造影技术在肝脏病变的诊断中是一项实用性强、易于推广的新技术。这一技术的应用，有望达到CT及磁共振造影增强检查的效果，不久的将来在我国必将得到逐步完善和发展。     

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Patients with liver cirrhosis are at increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional or baseline ultrasound (BUS) is often used as the first-line tool for HCC surveillance or detection, but the accuracy of BUS in HCC detection or differentiation from other focal liver lesions (FLLs) is limited. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a recent revolution in the field of ultrasonography and it has become increasingly important in the detection and evaluation of FLLs. In CEUS, HCC typically exhibits arterial hyper-enhancement and portal-venous washout represented by hypo-enhanced lesions in the portal venous and late phases. The detection rate of HCC was significantly higher with CEUS compared with BUS. Even regenerative or some dysplastic nodules may exhibit arterial hyper-enhancement as they are differentiated from HCC by its iso-enhancing pattern in portal and late phases. The contrast-enhancement patterns of other different types of benign and malignant FLLs, as well as their detection rates with CEUS, were also discussed.     

Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of focal liver lesions in fatty liver

PurposeThe objective of this study was to investigate the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging features of focal liver lesions (FLLs) in fatty liver.MethodOne hundred FLLs in 98 patients with fatty liver were evaluated with real-time CEUS.ResultsAll malignant FLLs showed hyperenhancement in arterial phase and contrast washout in portal and late phases. Among the FLLs, 3.3% of hemangiomas, 12.5% of focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs), and 2.5% of focal fatty sparing lesions showed contrast washout in the late phase. The sensitivity and specificity for the characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma, metastasis, hemangioma, FNH, and focal fatty sparing lesions were 100% and 95.6%, 60% and 100%, 93.3% and 98.6%, 87.5% and 97.8%, and 92.6% and 100%, respectively.ConclusionsCorrect characterization of FLLs in fatty liver by CEUS is possible based on their typical enhancement patterns.