周期型马来丝虫半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因原核和真核表达质粒的构建

目的构建我国流行的周期型马来丝虫半胱氨酸蛋白酶（BmCP）基因原核和真核表达质粒，为进一步研究奠定基础。方法从周期型马来丝虫虫体中提取总RNA，反转录成cDNA，设计合成引物，以eDNA为模板，通过PCR从eDNA中扩增出目的基因，扩增产物经初步鉴定后将其克隆入pMD18-T载体，进行双酶切及PCR扩增鉴定，获得阳性重组质粒，进行测序分析和同源性比较。阳性克隆的质粒亚克隆至真核表达质粒peDNA3．1（＋），转化感受态大肠埃希菌（E-coli）DH5α，筛选阳性克隆，用PCR和双酶切鉴定阳性重组子。结果RT—PCR扩增出1条约1201bp的特异性条带，重组质粒双酶切和以质粒为模板的PCR结果与预期相符．DNA序列分析与GenBank已知的基因序列同源性为99％。构建了真核重组表达质粒peDNA3．1-BmCP。结论成功构建了周期型BmCP原核和真核重组表达质粒，为进一步研究该基因的功能提供了条件。     

犬恶丝虫病ELISA诊断方法的建立

目的建立犬恶丝虫病的ELISA诊断方法。方法将犬恶丝虫成虫粗制抗原经过SephaexG-200凝胶柱层析后进行间接ELISA试验，确定最佳实验条件，建立犬恶丝虫病的同种纯化抗原ELISA诊断法。通过阻断性试验、交叉反应试验、敏感性和特异性试验、重复性试验及与病原学方法比较，评价其效果。结果纯化抗原ELISA方法与犬钩虫和蛔虫感染犬血清无交叉反应，检出的阳性血清最高抗体滴度为1：25600，重复性好。结论成功建立犬恶丝虫病ELISA诊断方法，可替代虫检法对犬恶丝虫病进行早期诊断。     

旋毛虫Ts43基因的克隆与原核表达

目的构建旋毛虫Ts43基因原核表达载体，并且在大肠埃希菌中表达。方法将构建的pMD-Ts43克隆质粒酶切回收目的片段定向克隆到pET-28a（＋）载体上，构建原核表达载体pET-28a—Ts43，酶切鉴定正确后，导入菌株Rosetta中，用IPTG诱导表达，并经SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定。结果成功构建了含目的基因的原核表达质粒pET-28a—Ts43，IPTG诱导表达分子质量单位约为43ku的融合蛋白，与预测值相符。以0．9mmol／LIPTG诱导4．5h后表达量最高，薄层扫描表达的融合蛋白占菌体蛋白总量的20％。Western blot显示表达产物可被抗旋毛虫的多克隆血清识别。结论原核细胞融合表达旋毛虫Ts43基因获得成功，为旋毛虫重组苗的研究奠定了基础。     

四种腹腔丝虫与匐行恶丝虫各期幼虫形态的比较观察

本文报告叶氏腹腔丝虫与唇乳突腹腔丝虫各期幼虫的形态鉴别特征,两者感染期幼虫头端均有两圈小乳突,前者每圈为4个,后者内圈为6个、外圈4个;叶氏腹腔丝虫感染期幼虫尾端钝圆,末端有6个小乳突呈弧行分布,唇乳突腹腔丝虫尾端呈指状,末端有3个乳突成一横排。黎氏腹腔丝虫与马腹腔丝虫的感染期幼虫头端均有两圈小乳突,每圈为4个,前者尾端基部窄,延伸如柳叶状,3个乳突均呈球形;后者尾端圆锥状,末端1个乳突球形,亚末端2乳突仅稍突出于体壁。上述4种腹腔丝虫肛比率均小于3。首次描述我国匐行恶丝虫各期幼虫的形态,感染期幼虫3个尾端乳突呈球形,互相靠近,肛比率小于2。     

阴道毛滴虫TPI基因克隆及原核表达

目的构建阴道毛滴虫TPI基因原核表达载体,并在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中表达。方法根据阴道毛滴虫TPI基因开放阅读框设计并合成特异性引物,以阴道毛滴虫总cDNA为模板PCR扩增目的片段,与pMD-18-T连接构建克隆载体pMD-TPI,经双酶切回收目的片段,与表达载体pGEX-T连接,构建原核表达载体pGEX-TPI,经IPTG诱导后通过SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定表达产物。结果成功构建了阴道毛滴虫TPI基因原核表达载体pGEX-TPI;SDS-PAGE电泳显示,在IPTG诱导下重组质粒转化菌高效表达分子质量单位为27.5ku的蛋白质;Western blot显示表达产物可被抗阴道毛滴虫的多克隆血清识别。结论成功构建了TPI基因原核表达载体,并在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,为进一步研究阴道毛滴虫TPI基因功能奠定了基础。     

福氏志贺菌主动外排基因acrA的克隆及原核表达

目的对福氏志贺菌外排基因acrA进行克隆和原核表达,为进一步研究其在志贺菌外排机制中的作用奠定基础。方法参考福氏志贺菌2aacrA基因序列设计一对特异引物,在引物的5′和3′端分别加入含有BamHⅠ和SalⅠ限制性酶切位点序列。以福氏志贺菌2a菌株基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增acrA基因并与pMD18-T载体连接,然后转化DH5α。提取重组质粒pMD18-acrA,经BamHI/SalI双酶切并与载体pET30a连接后转化宿主菌BL21(DE3)pLys,通过IPTG诱导表达目的蛋白。结果克隆的acrA基因长度为1122bp,核苷酸序列与GenBank上公布的序列完全相同。原核表达经SDS-PAGE及WesternBlotting检测和鉴定,结果表明重组载体pET-30a-acrA可成功地在大肠杆菌中表达AcrA蛋白。结论成功构建了福氏志贺菌acrA基因的原核表达质粒,并在大肠杆菌中得到有效表达,该研究为了解AcrA蛋白的特性、功能以及对福氏志贺菌多药耐药机理的深入研究奠定了基础。     

牛冠状病毒N基因的原核表达及初步应用

目的获得牛冠状病毒N基因的全长序列,实现N基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达,并进行初步应用。方法根据已发表的牛冠状病毒Mebus株的序列设计引物,对BCV-DQ株进行RT-PCR扩增、克隆和测序;将该基因插入到原核表达载体pET-30a(+)上进行原核表达,SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测;用纯化的重组N蛋白作为包被抗原,建立ELISA检测方法,对部分临床样本进行检测。结果BCV-DQ株N基因全长1347bp,与GenBank已发表的6株BCV的N基因相比较,核苷酸同源性98.3%以上。构建的重组质粒pET-N能表达出一条大小约为60ku的蛋白,且能与鼠抗BCV血清发生特异性反应。用建立的ELISA方法对黑龙江不同地区送检的共256份牛血清样品进行检测,结果阳性率65.23%,与病毒中和试验的符合率达95.31%。结论BCV N基因保守性很高,并在原核表达系统中获得了高效表达,其表达产物具有良好的免疫反应原性。临床检测结果表明N蛋白可作为诊断抗原用于牛冠状病毒病的流行病学调查。     

弓形虫Rhomboid-1蛋白基因的克隆及原核表达

目的克隆并原核表达刚地弓形虫（Toxoplasmagondii）Rhomboid-1（TgROMl）蛋白。方法收集、纯化弓形虫速殖子,用Trizol法提取总RNA,应用RTPCR技术扩增TgROMl基因,回收的PCR产物与pMDl8-T载体连接,构建重组克隆质粒pMDl8-T-TgROMl。将重组克隆质粒亚克隆至原核表达载体pGEX一4T—l中,构建重组表达质粒pGEX-4Tl-TgR（）M1并转化至Rosetta感受态,用IPTG诱导表达,表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Westernblot分析。结果成功克隆了643bp的TgROMl基因,双酶切鉴定重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-1-TgROMl构建正确。SDS-PAGE检测重组表达质粒表达的TgROMl蛋白分子质量约为48ku,Westernblot检测表明该蛋白能被鼠抗弓形虫血清识别。结论成功克隆了弓形虫ROMl基因并原核表达了具有反应原性的重组TgROMl蛋白,为该蛋白的功能研究奠定了基础。     

日本血吸虫未知基因的原核表达载体的构建和表达分析

目的 构建日本血吸虫未知基因的原核表达载体，研究基因性质，方法 首先将从日本血吸虫成虫cDNA文库中筛选得到的未知基因cDNAJAYL0230亚克隆入原核表达载体pET28a( )中，IPTG诱导重组蛋白的表达，免疫印记实验检测其免疫性质。结果 成功构建重组原核表达载体pET28a( )-JAYL0230，并获得稳定表达的融合蛋白，免疫印记实验证明该融合蛋白具有免疫反应性。结论 本实验为进一步深入研究该基因的性质及功能提供了基础。     

新孢子虫NcSAG4基因克隆及原核表达

目的构建新孢子虫NcSAG4基因原核表达载体,并在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中表达。方法根据新孢子虫NcSAG4基因序列设计特异性引物,以新孢子虫总核酸为模板PCR扩增目的片段,与pMD-18-T连接,构建克隆载体pMD-NcSAG4,经双酶切后回收目的片段,与表达载体pGEX-T连接,构建原核表达载体pGEX-NcSAG4,用IPTG诱导,通过SDS-PAGE及Western blot进行鉴定。结果成功构建了新孢子虫NcSAG4基因原核表达载体pGEX-Nc-SAG4;SDS-PAGE电泳显示,在IPTG诱导下阳性菌高效表达了分子质量单位为18.79ku的蛋白质;Western blot显示表达产物可被抗新孢子虫的多克隆血清识别。结论成功构建了NcSAG4基因原核表达载体,并在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,为建立经济、实用的诊断新孢子虫病的ELISA方法奠定了基础。     

Utility of antibodies against a 22 kD molecule of Dirofilaria immitis in the diagnosis of human pulmonary dirofilariasis

Summary To assess the characteristics of an ELISA test for the diagnosis of human pulmonary dirofilariasis, we studied the sera of 24 subjects with other helmintoses and of 37 patients suffering from non-parasitic focal lung diseases, comparing them with negative and positive sera. ELISA and Western blot with complete somatic antigen and ELISA with protein Di22 (specifically recognized in cases of lung dirofilariasis) were performed. With ELISA SA the false positive rate was 25% in cases with other parasitoses and 30% in cases with focal lung diseases. ELISA Di22 decreases this positivity levels. Only 2 cases with visceral larva migrans (8.3%) and a case with lung nodules metastatic from renal adenocarcinoma (2.7%) were positive. ELISA Di22 therefore greatly decreases the false positive rate of ELISA SA.     

Immunization of ferrets against Dirofilaria immitis by means of chemically abbreviated infections

Ferrets were exposed to two successive inoculations with 30 third-stage larvae of the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis, the inoculations being approximately 5 months apart. Each infection was terminated by ivermectin therapy approximately 2 months after inoculation. The ferrets were challenged with 30 larvae 3 weeks after the termination of the second infection, and were necropsied approximately 6 months after challenge. Of the four ferrets that survived this protracted experimentation, two were entirely free of heartworm while the other two had only a single female worm each. In contrast, 14 control ferrets that had not been immunized (four of which had been given ivermectin doses) were all infected at necropsy, yielding a mean of 6.6 worms per ferret.     

Human antibody response to a 56-kDa purified excretory/secretory product of Dirofilaria immitis

Canine dirofilariasis is widespread in urban areas of central and northern Colombia. Previously we detected specific antibodies against complex antigens from Dirofilaria immitis adult worms in individuals from an isolated Tikuna Indian community in the Colombian Amazon. In this study a 56 kDa polypeptide from the adult D. immitis excretory/secretory (E/S) products is identified by Western blot, isolated by elution from polyacrilamide gels and applied in an ELISA-based test for the detection of specific IgG. Eleven of 74 serum samples analysed were positive by ELISADi56. Positive individuals came from five different areas of Colombia. The highest number of positives was found in the Amazon (4), followed by Bogotà (3). The physicians of the area must be alerted regarding the existence of human D. immitis infections and include dirofilariasis in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.     

Immunological and ultrastructural aspects of the cell-mediated killing of Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae

Summary Neutrophils in the presence of serum from dogs with occult Dirofilaria immitis infections were shown to be cytotoxic to D. immitis microfilariae recovered from the blood of microfilaraemic dogs. This cytotoxicity was correlated with the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies on the cuticular surface of microfilariae incubated in the sera from occult dogs. Such antibodies were not observed on the surface of microfilariae incubated in sera from microfilaraemic or normal dogs. The neutrophil attack was directed at the cuticular crypts, at which sites the worms appeared to be structurally most vulnerable because of the absence of the outer layer of the cuticle. The IgM antibodies were shown to be bound preferentially to these sites. Our data suggested that the neutrophil-mediated toxicity involved both hydrogen peroxide release and degranulation.     

弓形虫棒状体蛋白18的原核表达及免疫分析

目的 克隆刚地弓形虫ROP18基因,进行原核表达及重组蛋白的免疫分析。方法 提取弓形虫RH株基因组DNA,经PCR获得ROP18基因片段,经双酶切分别连入原核表达载体pET-28a(+)和pET-32a(+),构建重组表达载体pET28a-ROP18和pET32a-ROP18,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。IPTG诱导表达后,收集菌体进行SDS-PAGE电泳及Western-blot检测。结果 PCR得到约1 665 bp目的基因片段,单、双酶切及PCR鉴定结果显示成功构建重组表达载体pET28a-ROP18和pET32a-ROP18;经IPTG诱导后,ROP18基因在大肠杆菌中高效表达;SDS-PAGE电泳及Western-blot分析显示,pET28a-ROP18在相对分子质量约60 kD的位置出现目的蛋白条带,pET32a-ROP18在相对分子质量约83 kD的位置出现目的蛋白条带,均与理论值相符;Western-blot结果显示重组蛋白与弓形虫慢性感染小鼠血清具有特异免疫反应性。结论 成功克隆和表达了ROP18基因,所表达的重组蛋白具有免疫效应,为其功能研究奠定基础。     

广州管圆线虫组织蛋白酶Z基因的原核表达及免疫学分析

目的克隆并原核表达广州管圆线虫组织蛋白酶-Z基因,评价其融合蛋白在免疫诊断中的应用前景。方法利用生物信息学分析工具,分析广州管圆线虫组织蛋白酶-Z的理化性质、结构与功能特征;克隆目的基因至原核表达载体pET30a(+),经PCR、双酶切鉴定后,IPTG诱导表达,表达产物通过SDS-PAGE鉴定,融合蛋白用His-镍蛋白纯化柱纯化;ELISA检测融合蛋白作为诊断抗原的敏感性及特异性。结果该蛋白理化性质较稳定,含有分泌型信号肽;含有构成半胱氨酸蛋白酶催化中心的Cys84、His232和Asn253三个氨基酸残基。成功构建了重组质粒且目的基因在E.coliBL21中获得高效表达,经亲和层析获得了纯化的融合蛋白。融合蛋白可被其免疫的BALB/c小鼠血清及感染广州管圆线虫的小鼠血清识别;作为包被抗原用于ELISA检测小鼠血清其敏感性及特异性均为100%与粗抗原无差别,检测其他寄生虫病人血清及正常人血清其特异性分别为100%和97.4%与粗抗原相比特异性较高。结论广州管圆线虫组织蛋白酶-Z与多个物种组织蛋白酶-Z基因同源,是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶,含有信号肽,可能是重要的虫体分泌排泄抗原成分,在广州管圆线虫病的免疫诊断方面有潜在的应用前景。     

狂犬病病毒P基因的原核表达及间接ELISA方法的应用

目的以狂犬病病毒P蛋白作为检测抗原,用间接ELISA方法检测狂犬病病毒抗体。方法根据GenBank发表的狂犬病病毒(Rabies Virus,RV)LEP-Flury株的基因序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR扩增出P基因的全长序列,克隆于pGM-T载体中,获得重组质粒pGM-T-P,将重组质粒用限制性内切酶NotI和EcoRI进行双酶切,酶切产物定向克隆于原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,构建原核重组表达质粒pET-32a-P,阳性重组质粒转化原核表达宿主菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析确定蛋白表达量和特异性。用纯化的蛋白作为诊断抗原,通过对反应条件的优化,初步将间接ELISA方法应用于狂犬病病毒抗体的检测中。结果扩增RV P基因,构建了克隆质粒pGM-T-P、原核表达质粒pET-32a-P,高效表达了主要以可溶性形式存在的P蛋白,并能与RV阳性血清发生特异性反应。用表达的狂犬病病毒重组P蛋白建立了用于RV抗体检测的间接ELISA方法。结论成功表达了磷蛋白,用其作为固化抗原以间接ELISA方法检测RV抗体。