五倍子、黄芩和黄连联合应用对MRSA的体外抗菌活性研究

目的:研究五倍子、黄芩和黄连联合应用对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的体外抗菌活性。方法:采用肉汤稀释法测定其对MRSA的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值,推算出半数抑菌浓度(MIC50)和抑菌90%浓度(MIC90)值,并作比较。结果:五倍子、黄芩和黄连单药及相互配伍后对MRSA的抑菌效果从高至低依次为:黄芩-五倍子、五倍子、黄连-五倍子、黄连、黄连-黄芩、黄芩。结论:黄芩与五倍子配伍对MRSA有协同作用,与黄芩呈拮抗作用。     

23种中草药提取物对肺炎链球菌的抗菌作用研究

目的:研究23种中草药提取物对肺炎链球菌的体外抗菌活性。方法:采用96孔板培养法和涂片法测定23种中草药水、醇提取物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC),采用药敏纸片法比较各提取物的抑菌圈大小。结果:三七、木瓜、黄芩等11种中草药对肺炎链球菌具有抗菌活性,其中三七、木瓜醇提物的抗菌作用最强,其MIC、MBC分别为1∶16、1∶8和1∶8、1∶4,抑菌圈直径分别为14mm和15mm。结论:三七、木瓜的醇提取物具有明显的抗肺炎链球菌作用。     

30种中草药提取物体外抗MRSA的筛选研究

目的测定中草药提取物体外抗MRSA活性,比较30种常用中草药对金葡菌的抑菌作用。方法琼脂扩散法。结果地榆、苏木和黄芩抑制MRSA的活性较高,平均MIC(抑菌圈直径=10mm)分别为3.1、3.1和4.1mg/mL;对标准菌活性较大的提取物对耐药菌也具有较大的活性。结论30种抗金葡菌的中草药中有7种对MRSA敏感。     

10种中草药对临床常见致病菌体外抗菌作用的实验

目的:研究黄连、黄芩、连翘等10种中草药对临床常见致病菌(大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌)的抗菌作用。方法:制备黄连、黄芩、连翘等10种中草药提取物,采用纸片琼脂扩散法测定抑菌圈大小,并考察提取物琼脂平板稀释后的细菌生长情况。结果:10种中草药的提取物分别对3种受试菌(大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌)呈现不同程度的抑菌作用,其中黄连、黄芩、连翘对金黄色葡萄球菌呈高度敏感,抑菌圈均大于6 mm;连翘对铜绿假单胞菌抑菌圈大于11 mm,大肠埃希菌抑菌圈均等于6 mm。结论:黄连、黄芩、连翘、大黄、黄柏对金黄色葡萄球有不同程度的抗菌作用,连翘对铜绿假单胞菌有抗菌作用,10种中草药对大肠埃希菌的抗菌作用为最差;由于中草药在体内作用机制比体外更为复杂,在体内能否达到与体外相同效果尚待进一步研究。     

大理独蒜提取物体外抑菌活性的研究

目的研究独蒜的乙醇提取物的抑菌活性,为独蒜开发利用提供一定的实践和数据参考。方法采用乙醇萃取法制备独蒜提取物,并用K-B法、试管二倍稀释法对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、产ESBLs大肠埃希菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌进行体外抑菌活性的研究。结果独蒜提取物对各种供试菌株均有抑菌作用,对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径为25.31mm,MIC为3.91×103μg/mL;对产ESBLs大肠埃希菌的抑菌圈直径为16.35mm,MIC为7.81×103μg/mL;对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径为18.81mm,MIC为7.81×103μg/mL;对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径为24.22mm,MIC为3.91×103μg/mL;对白色念珠菌的抑菌圈直径为47.55mm,MIC为1.95×103μg/mL。结论独蒜提取物可有效地抑制或杀灭某些革兰阳性、阴性细菌和酵母样真菌,其中对酵母样真菌的抑菌能力要明显强于细菌,且对耐药细菌也有很好的抑菌活性。本研究为大理独蒜的进一步开发利用提供了科学依据。     

4种中药对30株广泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌作用

目的:探讨黄芩等4种中药对广泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌作用。方法:采用中药抗菌试验试管法测定药物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果:黄芩、连翘、黄连、金银花对30株广泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌有不同程度的体外抑菌作用,MIC均值分别为475.00,345.83,60.94,379.17 mg/m L,与标准菌株ATCC27853的MIC相近。其中黄连的抑菌作用最强。结论:4种中草药对30株广泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌均有不同程度的抑菌作用,本地与外地收集的菌株,抑菌作用无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

左归丸对免疫性卵巢早衰小鼠性激素的影响

目的测定8种清热解毒类藏药异叶青兰、甘青乌头、獐芽菜、乌奴龙胆、五脉绿绒蒿、铁棒锤、蒺藜、兔耳草体外抑菌活性。方法用琼脂扩散法和微量稀释法研究8种清热解毒类藏药体外抑菌活性,以抑菌圈和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为评价指标。结果藏药水提取物和醇提取物对所选菌种都具有一定的抑制作用,形成抑菌圈直径范围为8~22 cm,MIC范围为1.56~50.00 mg.mL-1。其中异叶青兰和甘青乌头抑菌活性最强,五脉绿绒蒿基本没有抑菌作用。结论8种藏药水提取物,抑菌活性异叶青兰>甘青乌头>獐芽菜>兔耳草>铁棒锤>蒺藜>乌奴龙胆>五脉绿绒蒿;而对于醇提取物,异叶青兰>甘青乌头>铁棒锤>兔耳草>蒺藜>獐芽菜>乌奴龙胆>五脉绿绒蒿。     

黄芩苷对结核分枝杆菌抑菌作用的初步研究

目的:通过体外抑菌试验探讨黄芩苷对结核分枝杆菌的体外抑菌活性.方法:采用改良罗氏培养基绝对浓度法检测黄芩苷对37株结核分枝杆菌的抑菌作用.结果:黄芩苷对37株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)最低为1.5 g/L,最高＞48 g/L,MIC90为12g/L,MIC75和MIC50均为6g/L.全敏感菌株在MIC为6g/L时数量比例最大,随着MIC值向两侧递减;异烟肼(INH)低耐菌株的数量与MIC值无明显关联,乙胺丁醇(EMB)低耐菌株数量随着MIC由低到高的变化而显著增多;利福平(RFP)低耐菌株数量随着MIC由低到高的变化而逐步减少.结论:黄芩苷在体外对结核分枝杆菌具有一定的抑菌作用.     

五种中草药提取物对致龋菌的体外抑菌作用研究

目的 探讨黄连、金银花、厚朴、桔梗与大黄五种中药对常见致龋菌的体外抑菌作用。方法 按照标准方法分别提取5种中药的主要成分,观察提取物对变形链球菌、粘性放线菌生长的影响,并测量抑菌圈直径,检测最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果 厚朴、黄连、大黄对变形链球菌与粘性放线菌的抑制作用较强,厚朴提取物对常见致龋菌的抑菌作用较强,其中,对变形链球菌的最小抑菌浓度为1.25 mg/mL,对粘性放线菌的最小抑菌浓度为0.63 mg/mL,抑菌作用强于黄连与大黄。结论 厚朴、黄连、大黄对常见致龋菌有较大的抑制作用,具有一定的研究与开发价值。     

杨梅黄素的体外抑菌活性

目的 评价藤荣中的有效成分杨梅黄素的体外抑菌活性.方法 以管碟法测定杨梅黄素对4种实验菌株的抑菌效果、以两倍稀释法测定杨梅黄素的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),并与相同实验条件下盐酸小檗碱、鱼腥草素、黄芩苷的抑菌效果进行比较;研究培养菌液的浓度对杨梅黄素抑菌作用的影响.结果 杨梅黄素对实验菌株有较好的抑菌作用,其作用较黄芩苷强;菌液浓度增高,MIC随之增高.结论 杨梅黄素具有较强的体外抑菌活性.     

Protective effects of various methanol extracts of crude drugs on experimental hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

The protective effects of 67 methanol extracts of crude drugs on rat hepatic injury by carbon tetrachloride (CC14) were examined. In terms of the release of intrahepatic enzymes and bilirubin into the blood, 11 methanol extracts decreased these factors significantly. Among them methanol extracts of Caryophylli Flos, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Polygoni Avicularis Herba, Myricae Cortex and Forsythiae Fructus were newly found to have protective effects against acute hepatic injury induced by CCl4. And then these 11 extracts which protected hepatic injury by CCl4 were investigated for their membrane stabilizing and inhibitory effects of lipid peroxidation. The extract of Bupleuri Radix only decreased the hemolysis induced by hypotonic pressure. Nine kinds of extracts without those of Desmodii Herba and Bupleuri Radix suppressed the lipid peroxidation induced by CCl4 in rat hepatic microsomes. In addition, Scutellariae Radix, Caryophylli Flos and Myricae Cortex were shown to have inhibitory effects of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation in rat hepatic mitochondria. This study reports that the methanol extracts of Caryophylli Flos, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Polygoni Avicularis Herba, Myricae Cortex and Forsythiae Fructus protect the hepatic injury by CC14 and these protective effects are connected with the inhibitory effects of the lipid peroxidation in hepatic microsomes.     

三种中草药制剂对肠道致病菌体外抗菌作用的分析

目的：探讨分析三种中草药制剂对肠道致病菌体外抗菌作用。方法以连续稀释法检测三种中草药制剂（黄柏、黄连、黄芩）的最低抑菌浓度。结果三种中草药制剂对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度：黄柏为6.3 g/L,黄连为1.6 g/L,黄芩为6.3 g/L;对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度：黄柏为3.2 g/L,黄连为0.8 g/L,黄芩为1.6 g/L;对副溶血性弧菌的最低抑菌浓度：黄柏为0.8 g/L,黄连为0.8 g/L,黄芩为1.6 g/L;对沙门菌的最低抑菌浓度：黄柏为3.2 g/L,黄连为3.2 g/L,黄芩为12.5 g/L;对志贺菌的最低抑菌浓度：均为3.2 g/L。结论三种中草药制剂（黄柏、黄连、黄芩）对肠道致病菌体外抗菌作用较强。     

香连丸体外抗菌实验

目的:观察香连丸、萸黄连、木香的体外抗菌作用及萸黄连与木香的交互作用对香连丸抗菌作用的影响.方法:采用液体两倍稀释法及药物交互作用定量法.结果:香连丸、萸黄连具有较强的抗金黄色葡萄球菌和痢疾杆菌作用.木香抗菌作用较弱,香连丸中萸黄连与木香的交互作用对金黄色葡萄球菌表现拮抗作用,对痢疾杆菌则表现协同和相加作用.结论:从体外抗菌和药物定量交互作用角度看香连丸是治疗细菌性痢疾的较好的药物.     

中药对痤疮致病菌的体外抑菌活性实验研究

目的：研究中药在体外对痤疮致病菌的抑制作用,筛选用于治疗痤疮的中药。方法：制备20种中药提取物,采用平板法37℃培养金黄色葡萄球菌和痤疮丙酸杆菌,通过2倍稀释法定量测定20味中药和6种中药单体成分最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果：20种中药提取物中大黄、黄芩、甘草、牡丹皮、金银花5种中药对两种致病菌均有抑菌作用,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC分别为6.25 mg·mL-1、6.25 mg·mL-1、12.5 mg·mL-1、12.5 mg·mL-1、12.5 mg·mL-1,对痤疮丙酸杆菌的MIC分别为12.5 mg·mL-1、12.5 mg·mL-1、50 mg·mL-1、50 mg·mL-1、50 mg·mL-1。6种中药单体成分中大黄酸、黄芩苷对两种致病菌抑菌作用最佳,对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC分别为15.625μg·mL-1、7.812μg·mL-1,对痤疮丙酸杆菌的MIC分别为31.25μg·mL-1、15.625μg·mL-1。结论：大黄、黄芩、甘草、牡丹皮、金银花和单体成分大黄酸、黄芩苷表现出良好的抑菌效果,在进一步的药物筛选中可进行重点考察。     

银连口服液质量标准研究

目的建立银连口服液的质量标准。方法以薄层色谱(TLC)法鉴别方中黄芩、黄连、连翘;以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定黄芩苷的含量色谱柱为Nova-Pak C18(150mm×4.6mm,4μm),流动相为甲醇-0.3%磷酸溶液(40∶60),检测波长为276nm,流速为1.0mL.min-1。结果TCL色谱中能明显检出黄芩、黄连、连翘。黄芩苷的检测浓度线性范围为1.68~16.8μg.mL-1(r=0.9998);平均加样回收率为99.06%(RSD=0.79%)。结论所建标准准确、可靠,可用于控制银连口服液的质量。     

清胃黄连片的质量标准

目的:建立清胃黄连片的质量控制标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法对清胃黄连片中黄芩、黄连、黄柏、甘草、知母、桅子、赤芍进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对清胃黄连片中的黄芩苷进行含量测定。结果:黄芩、黄连、黄柏、甘草、知母、桅子、赤芍可在不同的薄层条件下分别检出;利用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中黄芩的有效成分黄芩苷,黄芩苷在0.20～1.60μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为98.46%,RSD为2.89%(n=6)。结论:该法专属性强,重复性好,可用于清胃黄连片的质量控制。     

Hypoglycemic activity of medicinal plants

The hypoglycemic activity of water extracts of fifty six medicinal plants were evaluated in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Twelve medicinal plants have significantly antidiabetic activity; Mori Radicis Cortex, Kwang Fang Chi Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Eugeniae Flos, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Ophiopogonis Tuber, Rosae multiflorae Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Bigno, Forsythiae Fructus and Sophorae Radix.     

Studies on chemical protectors against radiation. XXVI. Protective effect of various extracts on crude drugs on skin injury induced by X-irradiation

The protective potency against skin injury on mice induced by X-irradiation was studied by use of 72 extracts of crude drugs. The protective potency was determined according to the degrees on skin injury after irradiation of 1100R, 30 k Vp soft X-ray. As a result of these study, 16 kinds of crude drugs such as Rosae Fructus, Aloe arborescens (Herba), Citri Leiocarpae Exocarpium, Schizonepetae Spica, Evodiae Fructus, Bupleuri Radix, Corni Fructus, Perillae Herba, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Menthae Herba, Trapae Fructus, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba, Acer nikoense (Cortex), Forsythiae Fructus, revealed protective potencies on skin injury.     

Effects of 19 herbal extracts on the sensitivity to paclitaxel or 5-fluorouracil in HeLa cells

The popularity of traditional herbal medicine (THM) being used as complementary medicines or alternative medicines is increasing. On the other hand, the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major hurdle to successful cancer chemotherapy. Some THMs capable of reversing MDR may contribute to the improvement of clinical outcomes in cancer chemotherapy. Herein, 19 kinds of herb were chosen from the ingredients of major THMs, and their effects on the sensitivity to anticancer drugs of tumor cells were investigated using the human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Focusing on the major mechanism for MDR, i.e., MDR1/P-glycoprotein, the effects of herbal extracts on its transport function were also examined using a MDR1 substrate Rhodamine123. Glycyrrhizae Radix, Rhei Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Poria, Zizyphi Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma (dry), Coptidis Rhizoma, Ephedrae Herba and Asiasari Radix significantly enhanced the sensitivity to a MDR1 substrate paclitaxel, whereas none of the herbal extracts used had any effect on the sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil, which is not a substrate for MDR1. Rhodamine123 uptake was significantly increased by Rhei Rhizoma, Poria or Ephedrae Herba among nine herbal extracts sensitized to paclitaxel. This suggests that the increase in paclitaxel sensitivity by Glycyrrhizae Radix, Rhei Rhizoma, Poria or Ephedrae Herba was caused, in part, by the inhibition of MDR1 function, and the change in paclitaxel sensitivity by the other herbal extracts was not always dependent on this. Collectively, these findings indicate that the combination of anticancer drugs with some herbal extracts contributes to the enhancement of clinical outcomes in cancer chemotherapy.     

金翘感冒口服液的质量标准研究

目的研究金翘感冒口服液的质量标准。方法对金翘感冒口服液中主要药物金银花、连翘、甘草进行薄层色谱鉴别;采用RP-HPLC法测定绿原酸的含量。结果薄层色谱检出绿原酸、连翘药材、甘草次酸特征斑点,绿原酸进样量在0.224~1.120μg线性关系良好,平均加样回收率99.81%,RSD为0.89%。结论方法简便易行,灵敏,结果准确,重现性好,可有效控制金翘感冒口服液的质量。