Natural killer cell activity and dysfunction in Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome

Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome (HPS ) encompasses disorders with abnormal function of lysosomes and lysosome‐related organelles, and some patients who develop immunodeficiency. The basic mechanisms contributing to immune dysfunction in HPS are ill‐defined. We analysed natural killer (NK ) cells from patients diagnosed with HPS ‐1, HPS ‐2, HPS ‐4, and an unreported HPS subtype. NK cells from an HPS ‐2 and an unreported HPS subtype share a similar cellular phenotype with defective granule release and cytotoxicity, but differ in cytokine exocytosis. Defining NK cell activity in several types of HPS provides insights into cellular defects of the disorder and understanding of mechanisms contributing to HPS pathogenesis.     

一例Rotor综合征SLCO1B1和SLCO1B3基因突变分析

目的初步探讨1例Rotor综合征患者的临床特点和SLCO1B1和SLCO1B3基因突变情况,从分子遗传学角度分析该疾病的发生机制。方法收集患者临床资料,从外周血白细胞提取基因组DNA,采用二代测序进行四千种已知单基因遗传性疾病筛查,用Sanger测序法分析验证二代测序发现的突变位点。结果患儿主要临床表现为反复皮肤及巩膜黄染,实验室检查示高胆红素血症,直接、间接胆红素双向增高。高通量测序发现患儿携带SLCO1B1基因c.1738 CT纯合突变和SLCO1B3基因c.360_481 del纯合突变。c.1738 CT突变为无义突变,已有文献报道,推测导致蛋白的第580位氨基酸密码子由精氨酸变为终止密码子。c.360_481 del突变为移码突变,蛋白编码区的第360至481位碱基缺失。该变异未见文献报道,也未见SNP数据库收录。此变异使蛋白缺失40个氨基酸的同时还造成开放阅读框移码,可能造成蛋白功能丧失。结论 SLCO1B1和SLCO1B3基因突变导致的有机阴离子转运多肽OATP1B1和OATP1B3功能缺陷是该Rotor综合征患者临床表现的分子遗传基础。     

SF3B1突变型骨髓增生异常综合征亚型发病机制及诊断

SF3B1基因突变形成了新骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)亚型.MDS 国际预后工作组(international working group for the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndromes,IWG-PM)建议诊断标准:(1)血细胞减少;(2)SF3B1基因体细胞突变;(3)孤...     

Chronic ulcerative gastroduodenitis as a first gastrointestinal manifestation of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome in a 1O-year-old child

A 10-year-old Chinese boy who had a history of congenital thrombocytopathy presented with severe iron deficiency anemia secondary to chronic gastric inflammation and duodenal ulcerations. Subtle oculocutaneous albinism led to the finding of diminished dense bodies in the platelets under electron microscopy,hence the diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). Biopsies from the stomach and duodenumrevealed a lymphocytic infiltration in the submucosa,but H pylori infection was absent. The gastroduodenitis responded to the treatment with omeprazole while iron deficiency anemia was corrected by oral iron therapy.HPS is a rare cause of congenital bleeding disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Upper gastrointestinal involvement is rare and should be distinguished from a mere manifestation of the bleeding diathesis.     

Novel mutations of KCNQ1 in Long QT syndrome

BackgroundAutosomal recessive Long QT syndrome is characterized by prolonged QTc along with congenital bilateral deafness depends on mutations in K⁺ channel genes. A family of a Long QT syndrome proband from India has been identified with novel indel variations.MethodsThe molecular study of the proband revealed 4 novel indel variations in KCNQ1. In-silico analysis revealed the intronic variations has led to a change in the secondary structure of mRNA and splice site variations. The exonic variations leads to frameshift mutations. DNA analysis of the available family members revealed a carrier status.Results and ConclusionIt is thus predicted that the variations may lead to a change in the position of the splicing enhancer/inhibitor in KCNQ1 leading to the formation of a truncated S2–S3 fragment of KCNQ1 transmembrane protein in cardiac cells as well as epithelial cells of inner ear leading to deafness and aberrant repolarization causing prolonged QTc.     

普乐可复血药浓度与肝药酶P450 3AP1和多药耐药基因多态性的关系

目的 :探讨普乐可复血药浓度的个体间差异与其在体内吸收、代谢相关基因肝药酶P4 5 0 3AP1(CYP3AP1)和多药耐药基因 1(MDR1)多态性的关系。　 方法 :观察 4 1例口服普乐可复治疗的狼疮或膜性肾病患者的体重、普乐可复剂量、普乐可复全血谷浓度 ,并利用PCR 限制性片断长度多态性的方法检测患者CYP 3AP1基因— 4 4位A/G和MDR1基因 3435位C/T多态性 ,分析浓度 /剂量比与基因型的关系。　 结果 :CYP 3AP1基因为AA型患者的血药浓度明显高于AG或GG型 (15 1 3± 93 4 ,n =2 1vs6 9 2± 39 4 ,n =2 0 ,P <0 0 0 1) ,MDR1基因为CC型患者的血药浓度明显低于CT或TT型 (73 7± 38 2 ,n =12vs 12 6 8± 91 3,n =2 9,P <0 0 5 )。　 结论 :CYP 3AP1和MDR1基因多态性与普乐可复的血药浓度显著相关。根据上述基因不同基因型药物代谢的特点 ,有针对性地进行剂量调整 ,或在用药前通过检测基因型更合理地选择患者 ,有助于提高普乐可复的疗效 ,减少其副作用     

先天性长QT综合征KVLQT1和HERG基因新突变位点的检测

目的：研究中国人先天性长QT综合征（long QT syndrome,LQTS)HERG和KVLQT1的基因突变情况。方法,利用聚合酶链反应和DNA测序对11个LQTS家系HERG跨膜编码区S1－S6和KVLQT1跨膜编码区S2－S6进行基因检测。结果（1）11个LQTS患者在国外已知突变点均无突变;（2）发现4个新的错义突变位点,分别为T1515G（HERG）,C682T,C934T,G983A（KVLQT1）。其对应的氨基酸改变为E505D,R228C,S230L,P312S和R328C。结论：在中国人LQTS患者HERG和KVLQT1上发现了4个新的基因突变位点。     

A novel mutation in a Turkish patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 5

The Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism, platelet dysfunction and lysosomal ceroid lipofuscin storage. This is caused by defects in lysosome-related organelles. In humans eight different types of the syndrome are known, of which a short overview is given. The clinical features and a novel mutation of a patient with HPS type 5 are described here.     

Novel mutations in the STK11 gene in Thai patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder, is characterized by hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Patients with this syndrome have a predisposition to a variety of cancers in multiple organs. Mutations in the serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) gene have been identified as a major cause of PJS. Here we present the clinical and molecular findings of two unrelated Thai individuals with PJS. Mutation analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction-sequencing of the entire coding region of STK11 revealed two potentially pathogenic mutations. One harbored a single nucleotide deletion (c.182delG) in exon 1 resulting in a frameshift leading to premature termination at codon 63 (p.Gly61AlafsX63). The other carried an in-frame 9-base-pair (bp) deletion in exon 7, c.907_915del9 (p.Ile303_Gln305del). Both deletions were de novo and have never been previously described. This study has expanded the genotypic spectrum of the STK11 gene.     

代谢综合征患者内脏脂肪组织蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B表达增多

目的研究蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP-1B)在代谢综合征(MS)发病中的作用。方法51例患者分为对照(NC)组、2型糖尿病(T2DM)组和MS组,测定FPG、FIns,Western印迹法测定内脏脂肪组织PTP-1B表达水平。结果与NC组相比,T2DM组和MS组FPG、Ln(HOMA-IR)和PTP-1B表达水平明显升高。与T2DM组相比,MS组腰围和PTP-1B显著升高。校正年龄后PTP-1B与FPG、Ln(HOMA-IR)、腰围(WC)和SBP均呈正相关。结论内脏脂肪组织PTP-1B表达升高与肥胖、糖代谢紊乱等MS危险因素明显相关,可见内脏脂肪组织PTP-1B表达异常与MS发生发展关系密切。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV基因型分布及其耐药基因突变分析*

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者HBV基因型及其耐药突变发生情况。方法 纳入240例接受核苷（酸）类似物单药或联合或序贯治疗的CHB患者,采用PCR扩增HBV逆转录（RT）区和序列测定鉴定耐药基因突变,采用HBV S基因测序法鉴定基因型。结果 在35例单用拉米夫定治疗的CHB患者中,发生耐药突变14例（40.0%）,突变位点为rtL80I/V、rtVl73L、rtLl80M、rtM204V/I和rtV207I,23例单用阿德福韦治疗者发生耐药突变11例（47.8%）,突变位点为rtAl81T/V、rtS213T/N、rtV214A、rtQ215S/H/P、rtl233V、rtN236T、rtP237H和rtN/H238A/K/D/S,70例单用恩替卡韦治疗者发生耐药突变10例（14.3%）,突变位点为rtM204I,12例单用替比夫定治疗者发生耐药突变5例（41.7%）,突变位点为rtI169T、rtL180M、rtT184G/S/A/I/L/F、rtS202I/G、rtM204V和rtM250V/I/L,100例接受联合或序贯治疗者发生耐药突变51例（51.0%）,突变位点为rtA194T,恩替卡韦治疗患者耐药突变发生率最低（P<0.05）;240例CHB患者中,HBV基因B型21例（8.8%）、C型216例（90.0）和D型3例（1.2%）;在发生耐药突变的91例患者中,B型6例（6.6%）、C型83例（91.2%）和D型2例（2.2%,x²=1.22,P>0.05）;在发生耐药突变的6例B型感染者中有2例（33.3%）和83例C型感染者中有15例（18.1%）发生了多重耐药突变。结论 检测CHB患者感染HBV基因型并及时获得耐药突变基因分布,将有助于指导临床治疗。