细菌—酵母穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7—MIF的构建及转化

目的：构建并转化能在酵母菌AH109中表达巨噬细胞游走抑制因子（MIF）的穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7-MIF。方法：用RT-PCR方法从人T淋巴细胞中扩增MIF基因全外显子片段，并定向克隆人细菌-酵穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7中；用PEG/LiAC法将pGBKT7-MIF转化感受态酵母菌AH109。提取转化酵母菌的质粒DNA，转化大肠杆菌并行质粒的酶切鉴定。结果：扩增出人MIFcDNA片段，限制性内切酶酶切和DNA测序证实获得正确有重组质粒pGBKT7-MIF；获得可在色氮酸缺陷培养基（SD/-trp）上生长含pGBKT7-MIF的酵母菌克隆。酶切鉴定表明pGBKT7-MIF已转化入酵母菌AH109。结论：成功构建穿梭质粒pGBKT7-MIF，并转化入酵母菌AH109。     

家族性肌萎缩侧索硬化症研究中pGBKT7-mSOD1cDNA酵母双杂交表达载体的构建

目的构建能在酵母菌AH109中表达的mSOD1cDNA的穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7-mSOD1cDNA,研究突变SOD1编码蛋白的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。方法通过PCR法以真核表达载pEGFP-mSOD1cDNA为模板,扩增获得了120bp的mSOD1基因的末端及DNA结合域的片段,经过SalⅠ、EcoRⅠ双酶切后,基因重组的方法定向亚克隆于酵母双杂交载体pGBKT7中,构建形成pGBKT7-mSOD1真核表达载体。结果经转化,提取质粒双酶切,核苷酸测序,BALST比对鉴定表明构建成功。结论成功构建穿梭质粒pGBKT7-mSOD1cDNA,为深入研究突变的SOD1基因编码蛋白的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用奠定了基础。     

利用酵母双杂交系统鉴定MIF与CD74胞外片段间的相互作用

目的利用酵母双杂交系统鉴定巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）与Ⅱ型穿膜蛋白CD74胞外片段间可能的相互作用区域。方法利用分子克隆技术,分别构建以pGBKT7为载体的人全长MIF、MIF50-65、MIF1-50/65-115的重组诱饵质粒,以pGADT7为载体的人CD7473-232、CD7473-109、CD74109-149、CD74149-232的重组激活域（AD）质粒。用PEG/LiAC法将上述重组诱饵质粒分别与重组AD质粒两两共转化感受态酵母菌AH109,分别观察在SD/-Trp-Leu、含X-α-gal的SD/-Trp-Leu-Ade-His培养基上生长情况。结果限制性内切酶酶切和DNA测序证实所构建的重组质粒全部正确。3种重组诱饵质粒转化的酵母菌AH109均可在SD/-trp上生长,4种重组AD质粒转化的酵母菌AH109均可在SD/-leu上生长,而且上述转化的酵母菌AH109均无自身转录激活活性。只有MIF、MIF50-65、MIF1-50/65-115与CD7473-232表达质粒共转化的酵母菌AH109可在SD/-Trp-Leu-Ade-His培养基上生长,能激活MEL1报告基因,使X-α-gal变蓝。结论MIF能以功能域MIF50-65非依赖性方式与完整的CD74胞外片段相互结合,进行细胞信号转导。     

硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶Ⅱ诱饵质粒的构建和检测

目的 构建硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶Ⅱ(PrxⅡ)诱饵质粒,同时检测其在酵母菌内的表达和对酵母细胞的毒性.方法 提取人前列腺癌细胞系PC-3M-1E8细胞的RNA,利用RT-PCR获得其cDNA, PCR方法扩增PrxⅡ基因片段,纯化后以内切酶双酶切PrxⅡ和酵母表达载体pGBKT7,回收产物并连接,重组质粒命名为pGBKT7-PrxⅡ, 将重组质粒导入酵母菌AH109,检测其表达产物对酵母细胞有无毒性作用.结果 构建的诱饵载体pGBKT7-PrxⅡ测序结果表明序列完全正确,融合区域的读码框正确.将pGBKT7-PrxⅡ成功转化入酵母感受态AH109,并证明PrxⅡ蛋白对酵母无毒性作用.结论 证实了PrxⅡ蛋白无酵母毒性,诱饵质粒pGBKT7-PrxⅡ可以用于酵母双杂交研究前列腺癌发病机制.     

细菌—酵母穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7—LMP1的构建与鉴定

目的 构建能在酵母中表达EBV潜伏膜蛋白1（LMP1）的穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7-LMP1。方法 RT－PCR方法扩增EB病毒LMP1全外显子片段，利用DNA重组技术将其定向插入细菌－酵母穿梭质粒pGBKT7启动子下游。结果 限制性内切酶酶切和DNA测序分析证实RT－PCR获得的LMP1 cDNA片段与GenBank中的数据完全吻合；LMP1准确克隆入pGBKT7的多克隆位点，未改变读码框架。结论 成功构建了穿质粒pGBKT7-LMP1。     

Peroxiredoxin Ⅱ酵母双杂交诱饵载体的构建及自激活效应检测

目的:应用酵母双杂交体系,构建人peroxiredoxinⅡ(PrxⅡ)蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体,并检测该载体的表达产物对酵母细胞有无毒性作用及对报告基因有无激活作用。方法:用PCR扩增PrxⅡ基因cDNA中编码完整开放阅读框的基因片段;将该基因片段与pGBKT7载体定向重组;用酶切和测序鉴定重组质粒;用醋酸锂法(Li-Ac)将序列正确的重组质粒pGBKT7-PrxⅡ转化入AH109酵母菌株,在缺陷性培养基上观察pGBKT7-PrxⅡ在AH109中的表达情况,检测诱饵载体有无毒性作用和单倍体及二倍体自激活功能。结果:成功构建pGBKT7-PrxⅡ重组质粒。转化有重组质粒和pGBKT7空载体的酵母菌都能在SD/-Trp/X--αgal平板上长出粉红色菌落,在SD/-His/-Trp/X--αgal,SD/-Ade/-Trp/X--αgal平板上不能生长,两种酵母菌在SD/-Trp液体培养基中培养16 h后,菌液的OD600均值均为0.9,说明AH109[pGBKT7-PrxⅡ]转化成功,对酵母菌株AH109无毒性且不具自主激活报告基因的功能。结论:成功获得了在酵母细胞中正确表达,并对酵母细胞无毒性且未自主激活报告基因的诱饵表达载体pGBKT7-PrxⅡ,该载体可作为酵母双杂交系统中的“诱饵”,该诱饵载体可应用于酵母双杂交系统3筛选PrxⅡ相互作用蛋白。     

细菌-酵母穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7-LMP1 的构建与鉴定

[目的]构建能在酵母中表达EBV潜伏膜蛋白1(LMPl)的穿梭表达质粒pGBKT7-LMP1.[方法]RT-PCR方法扩增EB病毒LMP1全外显子片段,利用DNA重组技术将其定向插人细菌-酵母穿梭质粒pGBKT7的T7启动子下游.[结果]限制性内切酶酶切和DNA测序分析证实RT-PCR获得的LMP1 cDNA片段与GenBank中的数据完全吻合;LMP1准确克隆人pGBKT7的多克隆位点,未改变读码框架.[结论]成功构建了穿梭质粒pGBKT7-LMP1.     

酵母双杂交系统中LRP16诱饵质粒的构建

目的:在酵母细胞中构建LRP16诱饵质粒,以期从人cDNA文库中钓取可与LRP16相互作用的蛋白。方法:pLPC-LRP16质粒经酶切、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、回收,获得LRP16的基因片段,将其连接至酵母双杂交系统诱饵载体pGBKT7中,经酶切验证其正确插入方向后,将重组诱饵质粒转化酵母菌AH109和Y187,并检测其在酵母中有无自激活作用和毒性。随后提取转化后的酵母总蛋白,经Western blot检测诱饵质粒在酵母中的表达情况,以鉴定其作为诱饵蛋白的可行性。结果:重组诱饵质粒经酶切验证,片段大小和插入方向均正确,将其转化入酵母菌后无自激活作用和毒性,Western blot证实在酵母中重组诱饵质粒可正确表达人LRP16蛋白。结论:构建的重组质粒pGBKT7-LRP16能够在酵母细胞中正确表达,可作为酵母双杂交系统的诱饵质粒。     

DNA修复蛋白Ku70酵母双杂交诱饵载体的构建及自激活检测

目的构建Ku70蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体,为研究Ku70及其相互作用蛋白在乳腺癌中的作用机制奠定基础。方法采用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）法从人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株扩增出Ku70cDNA全长片段,用SalI和EcoRI双酶切Ku70cDNA片段后定向克隆到真核细胞表达载体pGBKT7,获得诱饵质粒pGBKT7-Ku70,经限制性内切酶酶切和测序鉴定后转化到酵母菌株AHl09,在营养缺陷培养基中观察pGBKT7-KuT0的自激活作用,同时利用蛋白质免疫印迹检测诱饵蛋白Ku70的表达。结果Ku70cDNA正确克隆到载体pGBKT,转化到酵母菌株AHl09中的诱饵载体pGBKT7-KuT0经表型筛选证实无自激活作用,蛋白质免疫印迹检测显示pGBKT7-KuT0在酵母细胞中稳定表达诱饵蛋白Ku70。结论成功构建了Ku70蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体,并且在酵母菌株AHl09中稳定表达。     

与人巨细胞病毒UL132编码蛋白相互作用蛋白的初步筛选和鉴定

目的：探讨应用酵母双杂交系统筛选出与人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）UL132编码蛋白相互作用的人胎脑cDNA文库组织蛋白,阐明其在先天性巨细胞病毒感染中可能的致病机制。方法：采用聚合酶链式反应扩增HCMV UL132片段,酶切、纯化扩增的目的片段及酵母诱饵表达载体pGBKT7,连接HCMV UL132片段到载体pGBKT7上,将连接后的重组体pGBKT7-UL132转化到酵母菌AH109中,再将人胎脑文库DNA也转化到酵母AH109中,筛选与HCMVUL132编码蛋白相互作用的人胎脑文库蛋白,并对阳性克隆进行测序和生物信息学分析。结果：成功构建诱饵表达载体pGBKT7-UL132,双酶切鉴定可见800及7500bp2条目的条带;转化文库质粒后计算转化效率为6.6×10³ cfu·μg^-1,显色反应显示有95个菌落呈蓝色,最终确认10个克隆与HCMV UL132编码蛋白相互作用,Blast结果显示7个克隆与CAML高度同源。结论：利用酵母双杂交系统成功筛选出与HCMVUL132编码蛋白相互作用的人胎脑cDNA文库蛋白CAML,推测该目的蛋白可能在HCMV感染所致神经系统损伤、病毒的入侵和增殖过程中发挥重要作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.