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45例肾病综合征肾小管间质病变病理和临床分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:探讨肾病综合征(NS)患者肾小管间质病变(TIL)的发性情况。方法:观察45例NS患者肾小管功能生化检查和肾活检病理切征TIL。结果:原发性肾小球肾炎与狼疮性肾炎比较,尿N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、尿重碳酸盐(HCO3^-)、可滴定酸(TA)、铵离子(NH4^+)、TIL有显著性差异(P〈0.05)。蛋白尿严重程度与尿NAG(P〈0.05)、尿渗透压(P〈0.05)、TIL(P 相似文献
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在原发性肾病综合征治疗中,常因药物原因引起肾小管间质损害致急性肾功能衰竭.临床上因肾病综合征高度水肿常应用扩容利尿剂,有时因应用不当引起肾小管间质损害造成急性肾功能衰竭.利尿剂引起的肾损害有时非常隐匿,易被临床医师忽略,而不合理用药更易发生肾损害,应引起临床医师注意. 相似文献
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肾病综合征 (NS)是肾小球疾病的主要类型之一 ,我们发现其中有部分病理类型属于预后好的患者糖皮质激素无效、耐药或依赖、或反复发作 ,迁延不愈 ,成为难治性肾病综合征 ,为此我们将这种情况与病理类型之间的关系分析报导如下。材料和方法 我院自 1 995年至 2 0 0 2年收住院并做肾活检的 60例NS患者 ,其中男性 3 2例 ,女性 2 8例 ,年龄 1 6~ 44岁 ,服强的松 1mg/kg3~ 4个月未完全或部分缓解的为难治性NS2 5例 ;完全或部分缓解的为激素敏感性NS3 5例。所有病例均达到NS诊断标准 ,且他们之间的血糖、血脂、血压、血白蛋白等无明显差异 … 相似文献
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糖尿病肾病(DN)是终末期肾病(ESRD)的一个重要原因,既往一直认为在DN中只存在肾小球的损伤,但事实上很多糖尿病肾病患者往往存在肾小管酸中毒( RTA)的临床表现,故很多研究者认为,肾小管间质损伤是糖尿病肾脏病变的一个重要方面,在高血糖诱导状态下,其过程包括肾小管上皮细胞形态及功能学改变,肾小管间质纤维化等,在其发生发展过程中,多种细胞因子、代谢产物及蛋白调控分子等参与上述病理变化,本文概括了近年来DN小管及间质病变的最新研究进展,并简要阐述针对各种发病机制的治疗措施,拟为临床治疗糖尿病肾病提供一定参考依据。 相似文献
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目的研究氯沙坦对肾病综合征肾小管功能的保护作用。方法 60例患者随机分为2组,治疗组给予强的松联合氯沙坦,对照组给予强的松。治疗12周后,观察两组血清白蛋白(sAlb)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24hup)、尿N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(uNAG)、尿视黄醇结合蛋白(uRBP)、尿比重(SG)。结果经治疗,两组sAlb水平增高与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),24hup、uNAG、uRBP等指标降低与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中以治疗组24hup、uNAG、uRBP水平下降最为明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论氯沙坦对肾病综合征肾小管功能具有保护作用。 相似文献
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目的:探讨激素治疗肾病综合征(NS)时对肾小管功能的影响。方法:测定28例NS患者激素治疗前、治疗后和27例正常人血清白蛋白(ALB)、24h尿蛋白定量和圆盘电泳、尿NAG、GAL、尿酸化功能和渗透压。结果:用药前NS患者尿NAG、GAL明显高于正常组,用药后明显下降,且与血清白蛋白呈负相关,与尿蛋白定量、尿大和中相对分子质量蛋白比例呈正相关;尿渗透压明显低于正常组,但用药前后差别无统计学意义;酸化功能3组相比差别无统计学意义。结论:激素治疗NS能降低尿蛋白、升高血清白蛋白,促进受损的近端小管上皮细胞修复,改善近端小管功能,对远端小管和集合管无明显影响。 相似文献
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目的 :探讨蛋白尿对IgA肾病(IgAN)的影响。方法 :经病理确诊为IgAN患者31例 ,以尿蛋白3.5g/24h为界分为大量蛋白尿组 (14例 )及少量蛋白尿组 (17例 )。小管间质病理损害分为轻微受损和明显受损。测定并比较2组肾小球及肾小管功能 ,系膜增生及肾小管间质病理损害程度。结果 :2组肾小球及肾小管功能指标均在正常范围 ,组间比较无显著性差异。轻度系膜增生情况亦无显著性差异 (P>0.05)。大量蛋白尿组肾小管间质病理损害明显 ,组间比较有非常显著性差异 (P<0.01)。结论 :蛋白尿可能是IgAN肾小管间质损害的重要因素。对大量蛋白尿的IgAN患者应给予积极有效的治疗。 相似文献
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目的 通过 82例原发性肾病综合征 (Nephtoticsyndrome ,NS)病理与临床观察 ,分析探讨 2 4小时尿蛋白排出量和血肌酐与合并肾小管间质损害的关系。方法 将患者分A组 (无合并肾小管间质损害 ,n =33)和B组 (合并肾小管间质损害 ,n =4 9)进行对比分析。结果 NS时肾小管间质病变的发病率相当高 (4 9/82 ;5 9 76 % ) ,B组 2 4小时尿蛋白排出量明显高于A组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,两组血肌酐值差别无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 大量蛋白尿是NS的最主要临床特征 ,但其除作为一种肾脏损害标志外 ,更是一种促进肾病进展的独立危险因子 ,提示大量尿蛋白对肾小管间质的损害作用 相似文献
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《中国医药科学》2017,(21):195-198
目的通过对肾病综合征患者及健康人群的血胆红素和血脂的比较分析,探讨NS患者血胆红素与血脂异常的关系。方法受试对象分为两组:肾病综合征组(NS组)和健康对照组(H组)。禁食水10小时后,抽取两组患者空腹的静脉血,检测各组血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、总胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]。结果 NS组的TBIL、DBIL均显著低于H组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),CHO、TG、LDL-C、Lp(a)均显著高于H组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);相关分析方法提示:NS组的TBIL、DBIL与CHO、TG、LDL-C、Lp(a)分别呈明显负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 NS患者的TBIL、DBIL水平明显偏低,CHO、TG、LDL-C、Lp(a)水平明显偏高,且与血胆红素的高低呈负相关,推断血胆红素水平降低参与了NS患者血脂异常的发病机制。 相似文献
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Hongzhu LU Lin WANG Qihong FAN Dan LIU Wanming ZHANG Yuesha YUAN Hongyan KUANG 《Frontiers of Medicine in China》2008,2(3):286-289
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is characterized by marked urinary excretion of albumin and other intermediate-sized plasma
proteins, such as transferrin and vitamin D-binding protein. Some cases even develop anemia. The aim of this study was to
investigate the changes in serum iron, transferrin, and erythropoietin, and the relationships between serum and urine transferrin
and erythropoietin. Thirty-seven children with INS and 35 age-and sex-matched healthy children were investigated. The indexes
related to iron metabolism, including serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation,
and hematological parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)], and urinary
transferrin and erythropoietin were measured in 37 children with INS before treatment and at the remission stage. Thirty-five
age-and sex-matched healthy children served as controls. Serum iron levels (18.8 ± 3.8) μmol/L in INS patients before treatment
were significantly lower than those of the healthy controls (22.2 ± 3.8) μmol/L and those measured at the remission stage
(21.0 ± 3.5) μmol/L (all P < 001). Serum transferrin levels in INS patients before therapy (1.9 ± 0.3) g/L also decreased compared with the healthy
controls (3.1 ± 0.5) g/L and the measures at the remission stage (2.9 ± 0.6) g/L (all P < 0.01). In contrast, serum TIBC and transferrin saturation were significantly higher in INS patients before treatment than
in the healthy controls [TIBC (56.4 ± 9.2) μmol/L vs (50.7 ± 6.8) μmol/L, P < 0.01; transferrin saturation (55.7 ± 9.2)% vs (46.4 ± 8.2)%, P < 0.01] and they were also higher than the measures at remission stage [(51.9 ± 7.7) μmol/L and (47.4 ± 13.3) μmol/L] (all
P < 0.01). Serum transferrin was positively correlated with serum albumin (r = 0.609, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with urinary transferrin (r = −0.550, P < 0.01) in INS patients before treatment. We conclude that serum iron, transferrin and erythropoietin levels are markedly
decreased in INS patients, which may be partially related to the urinary loss of these indexes. 相似文献
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目的 观察黄芪注射液佐治小儿原发性肾病综合征的效果.方法 将57例原发性肾病综合征患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,两组均采用泼尼松中程疗法,观察组在此基础上加用黄芪注射液.观察两组治疗前后24 h尿蛋白定量,血浆白蛋白、总蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯的变化.结果 2组治疗后均见尿蛋白减少,血浆白蛋白、总蛋白升高,总胆固醇和甘油三酯下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组与对照组治疗后比较,对照组尿蛋白减少,血浆白蛋白、总蛋白升高,总胆固醇和甘油三酯下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 加用黄芪注射液佐治小儿原发性肾病综合征效果良好. 相似文献
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Hodson E 《Paediatric drugs》2003,5(5):335-349
Childhood nephrotic syndrome is a rare condition with an incidence of 1-2 per 100000 children aged below 16 years. Untreated idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is associated with increased risks of life-threatening infection, thromboembolism, lipid abnormalities, and malnutrition. The aim of the management of INS in children is to induce and maintain complete remission with resolution of proteinuria and edema without serious adverse effects of therapy. The majority of children have corticosteroid sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (CSINS), and in these children, corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay of therapy to induce remission. Data from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicate that prolonged courses of corticosteroids (up to 7 months) given in the first episode of CSINS reduce the risk of relapse. Nevertheless, many children relapse, and are at risk of corticosteroid toxicity if frequent courses of corticosteroids are required. Data from RCTs supports the use of alkylating agents (cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil), cyclosporine, and levamisole in these children to achieve prolonged periods of remission. The specific management of corticosteroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (CRINS) is more difficult since few therapies are consistently effective, and data from RCTs are limited. In such children, cyclosporine, alkylating agents, and high dose intravenous methylprednisone may be used. In addition to specific therapies for INS, supportive therapies are commonly used to control edema (loop diuretics, aldosterone antagonists, albumin infusions, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors), reduce the risk of infection (antibacterials, pneumococcal vaccination) and thromboembolism (aspirin [acetylsalicylic acid]), and to control hyperlipidemia (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), especially in children with CRINS. 相似文献