阿托品抗血小板聚集作用与细胞外Ca~(++)浓度的关系

以Born和o’Brien法进行血小板聚集实验,可见阿托品10~(-6)～10~(-3)mol/L浓度抗ADP、Epi、Endo诱导的人血小板聚集作用,呈剂量依赖性;且其抗血小板聚集作用,随着细胞外Ca~(++)浓度增加(加入Ca~(++)10~(-3)mol/L)与降低(加入EDTA10~(-3)mol/L)而呈减弱与增强现象,与维拉帕米作用相类似,提示阿托品的抗血小板聚集作用可能与其抗钙作用有关。     

6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物对血小板聚集的抑制作用

目的观察不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导血小板聚集的抑制作用。方法将不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物分别加入人富含血小板血浆(PRP)中,用多功能血小板聚集仪测定 ADP 诱导的血小板聚集作用。结果该哒嗪酮类化合物对 ADP 诱导血小板聚集有剂量依赖性抑制作用,其半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为1.04μmol/L 和2.80μmol/L。结论新的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物具有较强的抑制 ADP 诱导的血小板聚集作用。     

P物质对刀豆素A和美洲商陆诱导小鼠脾细胞产生γ干扰素的调节作用

本实验研究了不同浓度(10~(-11) ～10~(-5) mol/L)P物质(SP)在体外对刀豆素A(ConA)和美洲商陆(PWM)诱导小鼠脾细胞产生γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的影响。结果显示,10~(-11)～10~(-6)mol/L SP对10μg/mlPwM诱生IFN-γ没有影响。用5、2.5及1.25μg/ml ConA或PWM诱生时,10~(-9) ～10~(-5) mol/L SP可增高IFN-γ效价,10~(-7) ～10~(-5)mol/L SP作用更明显。单独加SP而不加诱生剂,未检测到IFN-γ.先加入10~(-9) ～10~(-6) mol/L SP 6h后,再加ConA诱生的IFN-γ效价,略高于同时加入10~(-9) ～10~(-6)mol/L SP时ConA诱生的IFN-γ效价。先加入10~(-5)mol/L SP,IFN-γ效价并不比同时加10~(-5) mol/L SP时增高,反而有降低的趋势.在先加入SP时,10~(-8)mol/L SP即表现出明显的增高IFN-γ效价的作用,而同时加SP,则在10~(-7)mol/L才有明显作用。     

Resveratrol's Effects on Biological Behaviour of Melanoma Cell Adhesion

目的 观察白藜芦醇对黑色素瘤细胞黏附生物学行为的影响(与基质黏附的能力、细胞聚集能力、与血小板黏附的能力).方法 用细胞染色检测白藜芦醇对黑色素瘤细胞与基质黏附能力的作用;观察白藜芦醇对黑色素瘤细胞聚集能力的影响;运用流式细胞技术,观察白藜芦醇对血小板与黑色素瘤细胞黏附的影响.结果 与对照组相比,白藜芦醇5～50 μmol/L对B16 BL6、A375、M14、MV3细胞与基质黏附均有抑制作用(P＜0.05);白藜芦醇5～50μmol/L时可见B16BL6、A375、M14、MV3细胞聚集程度减弱;白藜芦醇100μmol/L对ADP诱导的血小板聚集有抑制作用(P＜0.01),对血小板与A375黑色素瘤细胞黏附无明显作用.结论 白藜芦醇对黑色素瘤细胞与基质黏附能力以及聚集能力具有抑制作用,对血小板与黑色素瘤细胞的黏附无明显作用.     

正常人血小板ADP聚集图象

本文报道30例我国正常人血小板ADP聚集的图象及有关参数。研究表明ADP诱导血小板聚集最佳浓度为2×10~(-5)M～3.5×10~(-5)M,最佳聚集血浆pH在7.54～7.72,最适血小板数量为20万±2万/ml,PRP红细胞数应小于2000/ml,整个实验应在取血后1～3小时内完成。     

色胺酮对小鼠血小板聚集和释放功能的影响及机制

目的 探讨色胺酮对小鼠血小板聚集、释放功能的影响及机制。方法 取昆明(KM)种小鼠10只麻醉采血制备富血小板血浆(PRP)和贫血小板血浆(PPP),再取KM小鼠50只采用多次离心法制备洗涤血小板、制成悬液后分为对照组[1‰二甲基亚砜(DMSO)]、5μmol/L色胺酮组、10μmol/L色胺酮组及0.5 mg/L替罗非班组,除对照组外其余各组小鼠洗涤血小板(或PRP)悬液分别与对应药物孵育,再加3种激动剂[2 mg/L胶原、80 U/L凝血酶及5μmol/L二磷酸腺苷(ADP)],以台式缓冲液(或PPP)作空白对照,采用光比浊法检测3种激动剂刺激下对照组、5μmol/L色胺酮组、10μmol/L色胺酮组及0.5 mg/L替罗非班组小鼠血小板的聚集情况并计算血小板聚集率,采用荧光强度法检测2 mg/L胶原刺激后对照组、10μmol/L色胺酮组及0.5 mg/L替罗非班组小鼠血小板三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的释放功能,采用Western blot检测空白组、对照组、5μmol/L色胺酮组、10μmol/L色胺酮组及0.5 mg/L替罗非班组小鼠血小板中磷酸酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B...     

甲基莲心碱对家兔、大鼠及人血小板聚集功能的影响

以阿斯匹林为对照,观察甲基莲心碱(Nef)对家兔、大鼠及人血小板聚集功能的影响。结果表明,Nef体外能明显抑制ADP、Adr、胶原诱导的不同种属动物的血小板聚集,呈剂量依赖性。对ADP、胶原诱导的家兔血小板聚集IC_(50)分别为16、22 μmol/L;对ADP、胶原、Adr诱导的人血小板聚集的IC_(50)分别为35、102、89 μmol/L。Nef 500 μmol/L明显降低ADP诱导的高脂喂养大鼠的血小板聚集率,并出现解聚。等摩尔浓度时,Nef作用强于阿斯匹林。     

新哒嗪酮类化合物抑制血小板聚集的研究

目的 观察不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯甲酰氨基苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导血小板聚集的抑制作用.方法 将不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯甲酰氨基苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物分别加入人富含血小板血浆(PRP)中,用多功能血小板聚集仪测定ADP诱导的血小板聚集作用.结果 该新哒嗪酮类化合物对ADP诱导血小板聚集有剂量依赖性抑制作用,其半数抑制浓度IC50(μmol/L)分别为1.04、2.80、3.01、7.32.结论 6-(4-取代苯甲酰氨基苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物具有较强的抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集作用.     

姜黄素对血小板聚集及血液粘度的影响

正常人体外实验姜黄素浓度为1×10~(-4)M/L,显著抑制血小板聚集,抑制率为35.4％(P<0.01)。大鼠灌胃五天后(剂量分别为20、40、60、80mg/kg·d)与对照组相比,血小板聚集作用减弱,血浆粘度和全血粘度降低。其中以40mg/kg·d组抑制血小板聚集作用最强,抑制率为34.6％(P<0.05)。继续增加给药量,抑制作用未见进行性增强。在低切变率(37.5S~(-1))条件下,降低全血和血浆粘度作用显著,而高切变率(150S~(-1))时,无显著性差异。     

黄连素的抗血小板作用

黄连素(BR)是临床治疗肠道细菌感染的常用药物。1987年我们发现它还有抗血小板作用。现简要报道初步结果如下:以家兔血小板为实验材料,使用发光血小板聚集仪,制备富含血小板血浆及贫含血小板血浆。血小板激活剂有ADP、钙离子载体A23187、花生四烯酸(AA)及胶原。它们在试验系统中的最终浓度依次分别为6.6、3.1μmol/L,1.43mmol/L及6.9mh/L。在本实验条件下BR对血小板变形反应的抑制作用为胶原>A23187>AA>ADP;对血小板聚集反应的抑制作用和对血小板释放ATP的抑制作用均为胶原     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.