79例儿童t(8;21)急性髓系白血病的核型及预后分析

目的 调查儿童t(8;21)急性體系白血病(AML)的核型异常情况,评估缓解后治疗强度对预后的影响.方法 采用形态学、免疫学和细胞遗传学(MIC)方法对79例儿童t(8;21)AML患者进行检测确诊.诱导缓解治疗采用高三尖杉酯碱联合阿糖胞苷(HA)/柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷(DA)/高三尖杉酯碱、阿糖胞苷和柔红霉素联合(HAD)方案.缓解后进行异基因造血干细胞移植或5～7疗程的联合化疗.结果 79例患儿中,55例(69.6%)有附加染色体异常,其中40例(50.6%)伴性染色体丢失,9例(11.4%)为del(9q),7例(8.9%)为复杂变异型t(8;21)异常.3例患儿染色体数量在90条以上且伴双重t(8;21)四倍体核型,预后均不良.1、2疗程完全缓解(CR)率分别力81.7%(49/60)和94.8%(55/58);3年无事故生存率、无病生存(DIS)率和总生存率分别为(26.2 ± 6.8)%、(31.3 ± 6.7)%和(27.6 ± 6.6)%;29例患儿缓解后治疗疗程数为5个或以上,其3年DFS率为(51.7 ± 9.3)%.单纯t(8;21)±性染色体丢失组与伴其他附加染色体异常组患儿的3年DFS率差异无统计学意义(P=0.36).大剂量阿糖胞苷组患儿的3年DFS率明显优于标准化疗组(66.7% vs.27.3%,P=0.03).结论 多数儿童t(8;21)AML患者伴有附加染色体核型异常,附加染色体核型异常对患儿生存没有不良影响.染色体数量在90条以上且伴双重t(8;21)四倍体核型少见,但预后不良.儿童伴t(8;21)AML治疗CR率高,远期疗效好.采用大剂量阿糖胞苷作为缓解后治疗能提高远期疗效.     

大剂量阿糖胞苷治疗急性髓性白血病缓解后患者15例分析

目的观察急性髓性白血病(AML)缓解后应用大剂量阿糖胞苷(HD-Ara-C)联合常规化疗治疗的疗效。方法将29例AML患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组15例患者在常规化疗基础上第1、3、5d用HD-Ara-C持续3h以上静脉滴注,1~2次/年。对照组患者行常规化疗。比较两组患者治疗后1年、3年和5年的无病生存(DFS)情况。结果两组患者治疗后1年、3年和5年的DFS情况间差别均有显著性意义(P<0·01)。结论HD-Ara-C用于AML缓解后的维持强化治疗疗效较好,可延长患者的DFS期。     

标准诱导化疗与粒细胞集落刺激因子预激序贯双诱导治疗原发性初治急性髓细胞白血病

目的观察粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)预激序贯双诱导治疗原发性初治急性髓细胞白血病(AML)的疗效和安全性,并与标准诱导化疗方案进行比较。方法将接受标准诱导化疗1个疗程的AML患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组接受G-CSF预激序贯双诱导治疗,对照组再接受第2个疗程标准诱导化疗。结果治疗组和对照组患者各18例,年龄分别为(38．3±13．8)和(40．7±13．1)岁。治疗组的完全缓解(CR)率和总反应(CR 部分缓解)率分别为72%和83%,显著高于对照组的33%和50%(P=0．019和0．034)。治疗组达到CR的时间为(17．3±4．7)d,显著短于对照组的(20．9±3．7)d(P=0．04)。治疗中最常见的不良反应为感染,治疗组的肺部感染率为39%,显著低于对照组的72%(P=0．044)。对照组发生严重感染和出血并发症各1例。结论标准诱导化疗与G-CSF预激序贯双诱导治疗原发性初治AML有效且安全。     

冷基循环微波聚能刀联合化疗与单纯化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效比较

目的 观察冷基循环微波聚能刀(PMCT)联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和对患者生活质量的影响.方法 80例NSCLC患者随机分为PMCT联合化疗组和单纯化疗组,每组40例,两组化疗方案均为顺铂 艾素.比较两组患者治疗6个月后的临床疗效、生存率和生活质量评分.结果 PMCT联合化疗组和单纯化疗组患者治疗3个月后的有效率分别为52.5%(21/40)和32.5%(13/40),两组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05).PMCT联合化疗组6个月生存率为87.5%(35/40),单纯化疗组6个月生存率为62.5%(25/40),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PMCT联合化疗组治疗6个月后生活质量总评分为(143.6±2.4)分,KPS评分为(93±4)分;单纯化疗组治疗6个月后生活质量总评分为(121.5±3.5)分,KPS评分为(79±3)分,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 PMCT联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC近期疗效优于常规化疗.     

含羟基喜树碱的预激方案诱导治疗高危骨髓增生异常综合征及骨髓增生异常综合征转化的急性髓系白血病的疗效观察

目的 观察含羟基喜树碱的低强度化疗CHG(羟基喜树碱、阿糖胞苷和粒细胞集落刺激因子)预激方案诱导治疗高危骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)及MDS转化的急性髓系白血病(AML)的疗效和毒副作用及其与CAG(阿克拉霉素、阿糖胞苷和粒细胞集落刺激因子)方案的比较.方法 按自愿原则选择32例(CHG组)未接受化疗的高危MDS及MDS转化的AML患者给予CHG方案诱导治疗;29例(CAG组)未接受化疗的高危MDS及MDS转化的AML患者给予CAG方案诱导治疗,观察并比较1个疗程后两组患者的临床疗效及毒副作用.结果 1个疗程结束后,CHG组患者中完全缓解(CR)14例,部分缓解(PR)7例,血液学改善1例,总有效率68.8%;CAG组患者中CR 12例,PR 6例,血液学改善3例,总有效率72.4%.两组的CR率和总有效率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组各项毒副作用发生情况比较,差异亦均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).随访发现,CHG组14例CR患者中3例因心律失常仅接受HA(三尖杉酯碱+阿糖胞苷)/EA(足叶乙甙+阿糖胞苷)方案巩固及强化,已全部复发.11例患者交替接受HA/AA(阿克拉霉素+阿糖胞苷)/TA(拓扑替康+阿糖胞苷)/MA(米托蒽醌+阿糖胞苷)/IA(去甲氧柔红霉素+阿糖胞苷)等方案化疗,1例失访,7例分别在3~16个月复发,3例进展为AML;4例缓解期超过6个月的复发患者中有2例取得CR,很快再次复发.CAG组12例CR患者,2例失访,8例分别在2.6~17个月复发,2例进展为AML.5例复发患者再用CAG方案,未取得CR,3例应用CHG方案,1例取得CR,1例取得PR.结论 CHG方案治疗中高危MDS和MDS转化的AML安全有效,CR后应强化治疗或多种方案交替治疗,避免早期复发.     

EA方案治疗老年急性髓细胞白血病

目的观察EA方案治疗老年急性髓细胞白血病(AML)的疗效及毒副作用。方法22例经我院确诊的AML老年患者采用EA方案即足叶乙甙(VP16)100mg/d静滴,第1~5天,阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)150~200mg/d分两次静滴,第1~7天,观察患者化疗前后心电图,血生化,肝、肾功能,骨髓像。完全缓解(CR)后原方案巩固2个疗程,然后换用HA、MA、DA、中剂量阿糖胞苷等方案巩固化疗,每1~2个月1次。结果22例经1~2个疗程化疗后完全缓解(CR)14例,部分缓解(PR)2例,总有效率72.7%;未缓解(NR)6例;所有病人均有骨髓抑制、消化道反应,但均能控制;无明显心脏毒性。结论EA方案可作为治疗老年急性髓细胞白血病的一线方案应用。     

地西他滨联合以阿糖胞苷为基础的低剂量化疗方案治疗老年急性髓系白血病的临床研究

目的探究对老年急性髓系白血病(AML)患者予以地西他滨联合以阿糖胞苷进行低剂量化疗治疗的临床效果。方法选取2014年3月至2018年7月我院血液科收治的27例AML老年患者,均予以地西他滨联合阿糖胞苷进行低剂量化疗治疗,分析其临床治疗效果。结果 27例患者经治疗后,有2例完全缓解(7.41%)、12例部分缓解(44.44%)、10例稳定(37.04%)、3例疾病进展(11.11%),其总缓解率为51.85%;不良反应有10例骨髓抑制(37.04%)、15例肺部感染(55.56%)。结论对AML老年患者予以低剂量的地西他滨和阿糖胞苷化疗,可明显增高有效率,提高患者的生存率,患者的耐受性较好,值得推广。     

多参数流式细胞术检测白血病微小残留在急性髓细胞性白血病诱导治疗阶段的临床意义

目的研究急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）患者第1次诱导治疗后和第1次完全缓解时多参数流式细胞术（MFC）监测白血病微小残留（MRD）对预测疾病复发和判断预后的作用,探讨MRD监测的临床价值。方法回顾性研究246例成人AML患者治疗及MRD的监测数据,分析MRD水平与疾病复发和预后的相关性。结果（1）第1次标准方案诱导化疗后,ROC分析确定MRD阈值为1．5×10-2,Cox比例风险模型显示相对于MRD阴性组,MRD阳性组的相对危险度（RR）为2．41。在缓解后采用联合方案化疗的患者中,MRD阳性组和MRD阴性组的中位无复发生存时间（RFS）分别为（19．45±3．74）个月和（56．46±4．28）个月,中位总生存时间（os）分别为（29．37±4．47）个月和（77．97±4．30）个月,差异均有高度统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。（2）第1次达完全缓解时,ROC分析所确定的MRD阈值为3．0×10-3,Cox比例风险模型显示相对于MRD阴性组,MRD阳性组的RR值为1．75。缓解后采取联合化疗,MRD阳性组和MRD阴性组患者的中位RFS分别为（28．36±3．40）个月和（55．70±4．32）个月,中位OS分别为（39．30±3．73）个月和（70．19±4．34）个月,差异均有高度统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论MFC检测MRD在AML诱导治疗过程中具有预测复发、判断预后的价值。     

三维适型放疗联合化疗治疗早期NK/T细胞淋巴瘤初步疗效

目的 分析放化疗联合治疗对鼻腔NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的近期疗效.方法 2004年4月至2010年12月收治的54例早期鼻腔NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者,对照组18例接受单纯放疗治疗,治疗组36例接受放-化疗联合治疗.其中12例化疗1个周期后再放疗,24例同步行放化疗,化疗采用LOAP(左旋门冬酰胺酶L-AS P5000～6000U/m2,静脉滴注,每日1次,共5天;长春新碱1m g/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;阿糖胞苷100mg,每日1次,共5天;强的松45mg,每日1次,共5天,1周期21天)方案治疗3-8周期.两组患者治疗结束后1个月内评价疗效.结果 治疗组临床疗效明显好转,完全缓解率为86.1%,高于对照组(50.0%),两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 放-化疗联合治疗早期鼻腔NK/T细胞淋巴瘤近期疗效较好.     

热化疗联合白细胞介素-2治疗晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液的疗效观察

目的 比较胸腔热化疗和热化疗联合白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)对晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效.方法 晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液住院治疗患者69例随机分为2组,分别接受胸腔热化疗(热疗组,n=37)和热化疗联合IL-2胸腔灌注治疗(联合组,n=32),6周后评价疗效、不良反应及Karnofsky评分改变情况,随访1年计算中位生存时间及生存率.结果 热疗组有效率为45.95%,联合组有效率为77.88%;热化疗组生活质量得到改善17例(45.95%),联合组改善23例(71.88%);2组中位生存时间分别为7.5个月和10.5个月,6个月生存率分别为64.9%和87.5%,1年生存率分别为20.6%和25.9%.除1年生存率外,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在不良反应方面2组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 热化疗联合IL-2胸腔灌注是治疗晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液的一种有效方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.