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1.
A.C. Magalhães F.M. Levy B.M. Souza C.A.B. Cardoso L.P. Cassiano J.P. Pessan M.A.R. Buzalaf 《Journal of dentistry》2014
Objectives
This in vitro study assessed the effect of milk containing different fluoride concentrations on tooth erosion.Methods
Bovine enamel and root dentine specimens were treated with: (1) bovine whole milk with 0 ppm F; (2) 2.5 ppm F; (3) 5 ppm F; (4) 10 ppm F (all after erosion); (5) whole milk with 0 ppm F (before erosion); (6) NaF (0.05% F, positive control, after erosion) or (7) 0.9% NaCl (negative control, after erosion). The specimens were submitted to pH cycles (4× 90 s in soft drink) and treatments for 5 days. The specimens were immersed in the treatment solutions for 1 min (only at the first cycle each day) with further exposition to 1:1 milk:saliva slurry for 10 min. The tooth loss was measured using a contact profilometer and statistically analysed (p < 0.05).Results
Rinsing with milk before erosive challenge significantly reduced tooth loss compared to negative control (67% and 24% reduction in dentine and enamel loss, respectively) and to milk after erosive challenge, only for dentine. The addition of fluoride to milk also reduced tooth loss compared to negative control, but with no significant differences among fluoride concentrations for enamel and dentine (μm), respectively: 0 ppm (3.63 ± 0.04 and 2.51 ± 0.53), 2.5 ppm F (2.86 ± 0.42 and 1.96 ± 0.47), 5 ppm F (2.81 ± 0.27 and 1.77 ± 0.44), 10 ppm F (2.03 ± 0.49 and 1.68 ± 0.59). There was a negative and significant correlation between [F] and the tooth loss.Conclusions
Daily rinse with milk containing F is able to reduce both enamel and dentine erosion in vitro.Clinical significance
Since the prevalence of dental erosion is steadily increasing, rinse with milk or its derivate might be an important strategy to reduce the progression of tooth erosion. 相似文献2.
Objectives
This randomised in situ study aimed to analyse the effect of milk (with or without 5 ppm F) and CPP-ACP pastes (with or without 900 ppm F) on dental erosion.Methods
The study was a seven phase (5 days each) crossover design involving 15 participants wearing intraoral appliances with enamel and dentine specimens. Specimens were extraorally eroded (erosive soft drink, 6 × 90 s/day) and brushed (2 × 30 s/day, 2 N) using a non-fluoridated toothpaste (negative control). The test products were milk, milk + 5 ppm F (twice daily, each 100 ml/2 min), CPP-ACP paste, CPP-ACP paste + 900 ppm F (3 min/day) or a SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse (positive control, 30 s/day), which were applied immediately after erosion with the appliances in the oral cavity. In an additional group, a fluoridated toothpaste was used without any additional test product. Tissue loss was determined profilometrically after 5 days and statistically analysed by linear mixed models methodologies (p < 0.05).Results
Compared with the negative control (non-fluoridated toothpaste only, enamel: 2.2 ± 1.3 μm; dentine: 3.8 ± 2.2 μm), enamel and dentine loss was significantly reduced by the use of fluoridated toothpaste (enamel: 1.1 ± 1.0 μm; dentine: 2.4 ± 1.7 μm) and the SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse (1.5 ± 1.5 μm; dentine: 1.8 ± 1.9 μm).Conclusions
Milk and CPP-ACP were not effective in reducing enamel and dentine loss significantly, independently of the presence of fluoride.Clinical significance
Enamel and dentine erosion were significantly reduced by the use of a fluoridated toothpaste or a SnCl2/AmF/NaF mouthrinse, but not by milk or CPP-ACP under the conditions of the present study.Clinical trials registration
NCT01566357. 相似文献3.
Objectives
This study aimed to analyse the erosion-inhibiting potential of a single application of stannous chloride-containing fluoride solution on pellicle-covered enamel and dentine under constant acid flow conditions in vitro.Design
Bovine enamel (n = 60) and dentine (n = 60) samples were exposed 1 h to the oral cavity of 4 healthy volunteers to allow for in situ pellicle formation. Pellicle-covered samples were randomly assigned to three groups (each n = 20 enamel and n = 20 dentine samples; 5 enamel and 5 dentine samples/volunteer) and treated once with a SnCl2/AmF/NaF (800 ppm Sn(II), 500 ppm F, pH 4.5) or a NaF solution (500 ppm F, pH 4.5) for 2 min or remained untreated (controls). Samples were eroded with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) in a small erosion chamber at 60 μl/min for 25 min. Calcium release into the acid was monitored in consecutive 30 s intervals for 5 min, then at 1 min intervals up to a total erosion time of 25 min using the Arsenazo III procedure. Data were statistically analysed by random-effects linear models (p < 0.05).Results
The stannous chloride-containing fluoride solution reduced calcium loss of enamel and dentine to up to 6 min and 3.5 min, respectively. Calcium loss (% of control) amounted from 24 ± 7 (30 s) up to 93 ± 14 (6 min) in enamel and from 38 ± 13 (30 s) to 87 ± 15 (3.5 min) in dentine. The sodium fluoride solution was unable to reduce enamel and dentine erosion at any time point.Conclusion
A single application of a stannous chloride-containing fluoride solution reduced enamel and dentine erosion up to 6 min and 3.5 min of constant acid flow, respectively. 相似文献4.
Objective
This study analysed the anti-erosive effect of experimental solutions containing TiF4 and NaF.Methods
Bovine enamel samples (n = 15) were treated with: (1) commercial solution with SnCl2/NaF (Erosion Protection®); (2) experimental solution with 0.0815% TiF4; (3) 0.105% NaF; (4) 0.042% NaF + 0.049% TiF4; (5) 0.063% NaF + 0.036% TiF4 or (6) control. The samples were submitted to pH cycles and daily fluoride applications for seven days. The enamel wear was measured using a contact profilometer and analysed by ANOVA (p < 0.05).Results
The best anti-erosive effect was found for experimental solution with 0.0815% TiF4 (99% reduction in enamel wear), followed by SnCl2/NaF (78%) and 0.049% TiF4 + 0.042% NaF solution (41%).Conclusions
The experimental solution containing a specific combination of TiF4 + NaF has the ability to partially reduce enamel erosion. 相似文献5.
Objective
To evaluate fluoride release from dentine discs and study the effects of dentine tubule occlusion and erosion prevention of dentifrices containing fluoride and PVM/MA copolymers in a cycling erosive challenge model.Methods
Human dentine discs, 15 in each group, were eroded by 1.0% citric acid and treated by ProNamel® (PRN, 1450 ppm fluoride), Colgate® Total Sensitive (CTS, 1100 ppm fluoride), a prototype dentifrice containing 5000 ppm fluoride and 2% PVM/MA copolymers (PVD) and distilled water (control). Fluoride release from each dentine disc was evaluated every 2 h in a 12-h period. For cycling erosive challenges, dentine discs were treated by dentifrice slurries twice daily, followed by immersion in saliva and erosive challenges by orange juice. Dentine discs were stored in saliva between treatment cycles and the cycling erosive challenges were repeated for 15 days. On days 5, 10, and 15, size of dentine tubule openings and level of dentine tubule occlusion were evaluated with a 3D scanning microscope.Results
PVD released more fluorides than other dentifrices in a 12-h period (p < 0.05). CTS released more fluorides than PRN at 2, 4, 6, and 8 h following a single application (p < 0.05). The size of the dentine tubules was smaller and the number of occluded dentine tubules was greater in the CTS and PVD groups than those in the control and PRN groups on day 15 of the erosive challenges.Conclusion
Bioadhesive PVM/MA copolymers facilitate fluoride retention and release from dentine discs, and promote dentine tubule occlusion and erosion prevention when combined with hydrated silica particles. 相似文献6.
Objective
This in vitro study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of brushing with anti-erosive toothpastes compared to a conventional fluoride toothpaste on dentine erosion.Materials and methods
Bovine dentine specimens (n = 12 per subgroup) were eroded in an artificial mouth (6 days, 6 × 30 s/day) using either citric acid (pH:2.5) or a hydrochloric acid/pepsin solution (pH:1.6), simulating extrinsic or intrinsic erosive conditions, respectively. In between, the specimens were rinsed with artificial saliva. Twice daily, the specimens were brushed for 15 s in an automatic brushing machine at 2.5 N with a conventional fluoride toothpaste slurry (elmex, AmF) or toothpaste slurries with anti-erosive formulations: Apacare (NaF/1% nHAP), Biorepair (ZnCO3-HAP), Chitodent (Chitosan), elmex Erosionsschutz (NaF/AmF/SnCl2/Chitosan), mirasensitive hap (NaF/30% HAP), Sensodyne Proschmelz (NaF/KNO3). Unbrushed specimens served as control. Dentine loss was measured profilometrically and statistically analysed using two-way and one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe‘s post hoc tests. RDA-values of all toothpastes were determined, and linear mixed models were applied to analyse the influence of toothpaste abrasivity on dentine wear (p < 0.05).Results
Dentine erosion of unbrushed specimens amounted to 5.1 ± 1.0 μm (extrinsic conditions) and 12.9 ± 1.4 μm (intrinsic conditions). All toothpastes significantly reduced dentine erosion by 24–67% (extrinsic conditions) and 21–40% (intrinsic conditions). Biorepair was least effective, while all other toothpastes were not significantly different from each other. Linear mixed models did not show a significant effect of the RDA-value of the respective toothpaste on dentine loss.Conclusion
Toothpastes with anti-erosive formulations reduced dentine erosion, especially under simulated extrinsic erosive conditions, but were not superior to a conventional fluoride toothpaste. 相似文献7.
Cecilia P. Turssi Anderson T. Hara Flávia L.B. Amaral Fabiana M.G. França Roberta T. Basting 《Journal of dentistry》2014
Objectives
This in situ trial study was designed to evaluate whether calcium (Ca) pre-rinse would increase the fluoride (F) rinse protection against enamel erosion.Methods
Fifteen volunteers participated in this split-mouth, 3-phase, crossover design study wearing a palatal appliance containing four sterilized bovine enamel slabs, for 10 days. In the 1st phase, five participants followed protocol A: daily rinse with a Ca lactate (CaL, 150 mmol/L, 1 min), followed by F (NaF 12 mmol/L, 1 min). Other five participants followed protocol B: daily rinse only with F, while the remainders followed protocol C: no rinse (negative control). Appliances were removed from the mouth and one side of the palatal appliance was exposed to a daily erosive challenge (0.05 M citric acid, 90 s); the other side served as control (deionized water – no erosion). In the 2nd phase volunteers were crossed over to other protocol and in the 3rd phase volunteers received the remaining protocol not yet assigned. Specimens were evaluated for surface loss using an optical profilometer.Results
Repeated-measures three-way ANOVA (p = 0.009) and Tukey's test showed that CaL pre-rinse followed by NaF rinse significantly decreased surface loss of enamel when performed prior to an erosive challenge in comparison with the condition in which NaF only was used.Conclusions
Pre-rinse with CaL may increase the protection exerted by NaF against erosive wear. 相似文献8.
S. Ranjitkar J.M. Rodriguez J.A. Kaidonis L.C. Richards G.C. Townsend D.W. Bartlett 《Journal of dentistry》2009
Objective
In addition to its role as a remineralizing agent in preventing dental caries, calcium product (CPP–ACP) delivered as a mousse (Tooth Mousse®, TM) can reduce erosion of enamel and dentine. The aim of this study was to determine whether CPP–ACP could also reduce erosive tooth wear involving toothbrush abrasion.Methods
Flat, polished enamel and dentine specimens (n = 72) were subjected to 10 wear regimes, with each regime involving erosion in 0.3% citric acid (pH 3.2) for 10 min followed by toothbrush abrasion in a slurry of fluoride-free toothpaste and artificial saliva (1:3 ratio by weight) under a load of 2N for 200 cycles. The specimens were immersed in artificial saliva for 2 h between wear regimes. In the experimental group 1, TM (containing CPP–ACP) was applied at the beginning of each wear episode for 5 min whereas TM− (without CPP–ACP) was applied in the experimental group 2. No mousse was applied in the control group.Results
TM significantly reduced enamel wear (mean ± S.E., 1.26 ± 0.33 μm in the experimental group 1 vs 3.48 ± 0.43 μm in the control group) and dentine wear (2.16 ± 0.89 μm in the experimental group 1 vs 10.29 ± 1.64 μm in the control group), and dentine wear was significantly less in the experimental group 1 than in the experimental group 2 (5.75 ± 0.98 μm).Conclusion
The finding that TM reduced erosive tooth wear involving toothbrush abrasion, probably by remineralizing and lubricating eroded tooth surfaces, may have implications in the management of tooth wear. 相似文献9.
Austin RS Stenhagen KS Hove LH Dunne S Moazzez R Bartlett DW Tveit AB 《Journal of dentistry》2011,39(10):648-655
Objectives
To investigate the effect of a single application of highly concentrated SnF2 and NaF solutions and a NaF/CaF2 varnish on human enamel subjected to hydrochloric acid erosion and tooth brush abrasion.Methods
Forty enamel samples were prepared from human third molars and NaF (9500 ppm, pH 8.0), SnF2 (9500 ppm, pH 2.6) solutions; Bifluorid10® varnish (42,500 ppm, NaF 5%, CaF2 5%) and deionized water (control) was applied to the enamel. Following this three, six and nine cycles of erosion [1 cycle = erosion (0.01 M HCl, pH 2.2, 2 min) + artificial saliva (1 h, pH 7.0)] and erosion-abrasion [1 cycle = erosion (0.01 M HCl, pH 2.2, 2 min) + artificial saliva (1 h, pH 7.0) + abrasion (120 linear strokes in artificial saliva from Tepe medium soft brushes 200 g loading)] were carried out. The fluoride treated enamel was analysed using Knoop microhardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).Results
For erosion alone, there was significantly less microhardness reduction in the Bifluorid10® group after three and six cycles of erosion (P < 0.05), however no other groups showed statistically different hardness (P > 0.05). The EDS analysis showed that only the Bifluorid10® group had any detectable fluorine following erosion and erosion-abrasion (0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% fluorine respectively). The surface fluorine was found to have been removed after erosion and erosion-abrasion for all other surface treatments. Although precipitates were observed after application of the surface treatments, following erosion-abrasion, no visible surface effects from any fluoride preparation remained.Conclusions
Enamel surface precipitates from application NaF, SnF2 solutions appear to not be able to provide protection against gastric erosion and tooth brush abrasion. The NaF/CaF2 varnish provided limited protection against erosion but the role for such varnishes in gastric erosion and tooth brush abrasion remains uncertain. 相似文献10.
Objective
This in vitro study aims to evaluate the effect of low fluoride (F) gel associate sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on erosion with or without abrasion.Design
Enamel blocks (4 mm × 4 mm) selected through surface hardness (SH) is divided into five groups (n = 12): gel without F and TMP (placebo), gel containing 4500 ppm F (4500), gel containing 4500 ppm F plus TMP5% (4500 TMP5%), gel containing 9000 ppm F (9000), and gel containing 12,300 ppm F (acid gel). Those groups were additionally subdivided into conditions of erosion (Ero) and of erosion plus abrasion (Ero/Abra). The blocks have undergone a single application of gel on the first day of the study. The erosion challenge was produced by Sprite Zero® for five minutes four times a day and abrasion was carried out by machine brushing for 15 s. After the challenges, the surface hardness (%SH), wear and cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN) were analyzed. The data were analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA test followed by a Student-Newman–Keuls (p < 0.05).Results
Lower values of %SH, wear and ΔKHN were observed for erosion challenge (p < 0.001). The %SH was lower in groups treated with fluoride gels, differing in the placebo (p < 0.05). With addition of TMP to the gel 4500, enamel wear was lower when compared with another groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion
In vitro conditions, the 4500 5%TMP gel showed greatest effect against erosion and erosion/abrasion. 相似文献11.
Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of a dentifrice with 5000 ppm fluoride in preventing dental erosion by orange juice in situ in comparison to a control dentifrice with 1450 ppm fluoride.Methods
This was a double-blind and randomized clinical study with a cross-over design. Sixteen subjects wore an intra-oral appliance containing two enamel disks with an exposed surface of approximately 2 mm × 5 mm. Enamel disks in the study group were treated with a dentifrice with 5000 ppm fluoride and in the control group with 1450 ppm fluoride. The subjects rinsed with slurries of study dentifrices for one minute before immersing the enamel disks in 250 ml orange Juice four times in an 8-h period daily. The treatment procedure was repeated for three 5-day phases for each dentifrice. Enamel erosion was measured after each 5-day treatment phase using a focus-variation 3D scanning microscopy. Medians and inter-quartile ranges (IQR) of mean erosion depth were compared between the groups.Results
The mean erosion depths of enamel varied greatly amongst the subjects. Enamel treated with 5000 ppm fluoride had less erosion (median 5.7 μm, IQR 4.5 μm) as compared to the control (median 12.6 μm, IQR 12.3 μm) after 15 days of fluoride treatment and erosive challenge cycles (p < 0.05).Conclusions
Enamel treated with 5000 ppm fluoride had significantly improved resistance to erosion by orange juice. Periodic application of 5000 ppm fluoride may be beneficial in individuals at risk of acidic erosion associated with soft drink consumptions. 相似文献12.
Objective
To evaluate the effect of fluoride (F) varnishes supplemented or not with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel erosive wear followed or not by abrasion in situ.Methods
Ten volunteers were selected and randomly divided into four groups, according to the varnishes tested: placebo (no F or TMP), 5% NaF (positive control), 2.5% NaF and 2.5% NaF/5% TMP. Enamel blocks (n = 4) were mounted in palatal devices and received an application of each test varnish, following a double-blind, crossover protocol. After 6 h, varnishes were completely removed and the blocks were subjected to erosive challenges by ex vivo immersion in citric acid (5 min, 4×/dia, 5 days). Following, half of the blocks were subjected to abrasion by brushing with a placebo dentifrice slurry for 15 s. Enamel wear (μm), surface hardness (SHf) and cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN) were assessed after each experimental period. Results were analyzed by ANOVA, Student–Newman–Keuls's test and Pearson correlation coefficient (p < 0.05).Results
The fluoride varnish supplemented with TMP promoted significantly lower wear and ΔKHN when compared to the other groups after erosive challenges, followed or not by abrasion (p < 0.05). As for (SHf) the fluoride varnish supplemented with TMP promoted similar results to the 5% NaF product, being significantly higher than the remaining groups after erosive and erosive + abrasive challenges (p < 0.05).Conclusion
TMP significantly enhanced the effects of F on enamel wear after erosive challenges, followed or not by abrasion. 相似文献13.
Carolina Steiner-Oliveira Domenick T. Zero Anderson T. Hara 《Archives of oral biology》2010,55(2):127-133
Objective
The hypotheses of this study was that pulsed CO2 laser (λ = 10.6 μm) treatment in combination (or not) with previous fluoride gel application could increase the resistance of enamel and dentine to erosion, throughout successive erosive challenges.Design
Thirty-two bovine specimens of enamel and of root dentine were flattened, polished and randomly assigned to the following treatments (n = 8): fluoride (F), laser (L), fluoride + laser (FL) or no treatment as negative control (C). The treated specimens were submitted to demineralization (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.45, for 5 min) and remineralization (artificial saliva, for 60 min) cycles, three times a day, for 3 days. Dental surface loss as well as the concentration of calcium, phosphorus and fluoride in the demineralizing solutions were determined after each cycling day. Enamel and dentine were analysed separately using repeated measures ANOVA for ranks (α = 0.05).Results
The association between fluoride and laser (FL) resulted in the lowest enamel and dentine surface loss values throughout the cycles, differing significantly from the control group. No clear benefit of FL over the F or L treatments was observed. There was a non-significant trend (p > 0.05) for FL to release less calcium, phosphorus and fluoride into the demineralizing solutions when compared to the other groups.Conclusions
Pulsed CO2 laser (λ = 10.6 μm) alone was not able to prevent enamel or dentine surface losses due to erosion. Laser treatment in combination with fluoride showed some protection, but the effect does not appear to be synergistic. 相似文献14.
Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni-Romano Cecilia Pedroso Turssi Mônica Campos Serra 《Journal of dentistry》2009
Objectives
This triple-blind, 2 × 2 crossover in situ study, was undertaken to verify whether the wear resistance of enamel and root dentine would be affected by bleaching with a 10% carbamide peroxide agent and a placebo agent.Methods
Thirty slabs of each substrate (2 mm × 3 mm × 2 mm) were selected for each phase, after flattening and polishing procedures and microhardness test. After a 7-day lead-in period, one specimen of each substrate was randomly bonded on the facial surface of each one of 30 subject's upper second premolars. The volunteers received instructions on how to perform toothbrushing and application of gel in the tray. Fifteen volunteers bleached their maxillary arch with a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent for a 2-week period, while the remainders used a placebo agent. After a 1-week washout period, a new set of enamel and root dentine slabs were bonded to the premolars and volunteers were crossed over to the alternate agent for 14 days. The resistance of enamel and root dentine to wear following bleaching, toothbrushing and intraoral exposure was measured with a profilometer, using reference areas.Results
For enamel, ANOVA did not demonstrate significant difference between wear provided by placebo and bleaching agent (p = 0.3713), but higher wear depth was observed for bleached root dentine (p = 0.0346).Conclusions
While overnight bleaching caused no alteration in wear resistance of enamel, root dentine showed increased tissue loss. 相似文献15.
Annette Wiegand Dominique Bichsel Ana Carolina Magalhães Klaus Becker Thomas Attin 《Journal of dentistry》2009
Objective
This study aimed to compare the effects 0.5% and 1% sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at different pH on enamel erosion in vitro.Methods
Bovine enamel samples were submitted to a cyclic de- and remineralisation for 3 days. Each day, the samples were exposed for 120 min to pooled human saliva and subsequently treated with one of the fluoride solutions for 3 min: amine fluoride (AmF, 0.5% and 1% F−), sodium fluoride (NaF, 0.5% and 1% F−), each at pH 3.9 and 7.0, and stannous fluoride (SnF2, 0.5% and 1% F−), at pH: 3.9. Additionally, two groups were treated with fluoride-free placebo solutions (pH: 3.9 and 7.0) and one group served as control (no fluoridation). Ten specimens each group were inserted in a so-called artificial mouth and eroded six times daily with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 90 s each intermitted by exposure to artificial saliva (1 h). After 3 days, enamel loss was analyzed profilometrically and evaluated statistically by ANOVA.Results
Only the acidic 0.5% and 1% SnF2 and 1% AmF solutions were able to reduce erosive enamel loss significantly, while all other solutions and placebos did not differ significantly from the control. Between the acidic SnF2 and the 1% AmF solutions no significant differences could be detected.Conclusion
At the same concentrations, acidic SnF2 and AmF may be more effective than NaF to protect enamel against erosion. 相似文献16.
Danielle Mendes da Camara Marcela Lumi Miyasaki Marcelle Danelon Kikue Takebayashi Sassaki Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem 《Journal of dentistry》2014
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticaries effect of low-fluoride toothpastes combined with hexametaphosphate (HMP) on enamel demineralization.Methods
Bovine enamel blocks were subjected to pH cycling and treatment with toothpaste's slurries (15 groups; 2×/day). Toothpaste mixtures contained the following: no fluoride (F) plus HMP (from 0 to 3.0%); 250 ppm F plus HMP (from 0 to 3.0%); 500 ppm F; 1100 ppm F; and a commercial toothpaste (1100 ppm F). After pH cycling, surface and cross-sectional hardness, as well as F present in the enamel were determined. The demineralization depth was analyzed using polarized light microscopy. The variables were subjected to 1-way ANOVA, followed by Student–Newman–Keuls’ test (p < 0.05).Results
In the absence of fluoride, 0.5% HMP promoted the lowest mineral loss and its effect was similar to that of a 250 ppm F toothpaste (p > 0.05). The combination of 0.5% HMP and 250 ppm F resulted in lower mineral loss (p < 0.05) and similar lesion depth when compared to the 1100 ppm F toothpaste (p > 0.05).Conclusion
To conclude, the combination of 0.5% HMP and 250 ppm fluoride in a toothpaste has a similar inhibitory effect on enamel demineralization in vitro when compared to a toothpaste containing 1100 ppm F.Clinical significance
The anticaries effect of toothpaste containing 250 ppm F combined with 0.5% HMP was similar to that of a 1100 ppm F toothpaste, despite the 4-fold difference in F concentration. Although such effects still need to be demonstrated in clinical studies, it may be a viable alternative for preschool children. 相似文献17.
Carin Sahlberg Alenka Pavlic Anneli Ess Pirjo-Liisa Lukinmaa Eija Salmela Satu Alaluusua 《Archives of oral biology》2013
Objective
Excess fluoride intake during tooth development is known to cause dental fluorosis. It has also been suggested that amoxicillin use in early childhood is associated with enamel hypomineralization. The aim was to investigate separate and combined effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) and amoxicillin on enamel formation in vitro.Design
Mandibular molar tooth germs of E18 mouse embryos were cultured for 10 days in a medium containing NaF (10, 12 or 15 μM) and/or amoxicillin (0.5, 1, 2 or 3.6 mg/mL) or sodium clavulanate (0.07 mg/mL) alone or in combination with 0.5 mg/mL of amoxicillin. Morphological changes were studied from the whole tooth photographs and histological tissue sections with light microscope.Results
Only with the highest concentrations of NaF or amoxicillin alone the extent of enamel in the first molars measured as the vertical enamel height/crown height ratio was reduced (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). At lower concentrations, combination of NaF (12 μM) and amoxicillin (2 mg/mL) significantly reduced enamel extent compared with the controls (p < 0.001). Histologically, the ameloblasts were still columnar but poorly organized and the nascent enamel was often non-homogeneous. Enamel formation was not seen in any second molars exposed to 12 μM NaF and 2 mg/mL of amoxicillin (or higher concentrations) compared with the presence of enamel in half of the controls (p < 0.001).Conclusions
Amoxicillin and NaF dose dependently affect developing enamel of mouse molars in vitro and the effects are potentiative. The clinical significance of the results remains to be studied. 相似文献18.
Ranjitkar S Kaidonis JA Townsend GC Vu AM Richards LC 《Archives of oral biology》2008,53(11):1011-1016
Objective
Previous in vitro studies have described the wear characteristics of specimens in which enamel has been opposed to enamel and dentine opposed to dentine. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of wear between specimens in which enamel was opposed to dentine at loads simulating attrition and at pH values simulating different erosive environments. It was hypothesized that enamel would wear more slowly than dentine under all conditions.Design
Opposing enamel and dentine specimens from 57 human third molar teeth were worn in electromechanical machines with various loads (32, 62 and 100 N) and lubricants (pH 1.2, 3.0 and 6.1). Tooth wear was quantified by measuring reduction in dentine volume over time using a 3D profilometer. Qualitative assessment was also carried out using scanning electron microscopy.Results
Dentine wear increased with increasing load, and dentine wear was faster at pH 1.2 than at pH 3.0 or 6.1 for all loads tested. Interestingly, enamel wore more rapidly than dentine at pH 1.2 under all loads. At pH values of 3.0 and 6.1, enamel wear rates were not measurably different from zero and they were less than wear rates for opposing dentine specimens at all loads. Micrographic assessment showed extensive surface destruction of dentine wear facets due to erosion at pH 1.2. Dentine wear facets were smoother at pH 3.0 that at pH 6.1.Conclusions
When enamel wears against dentine in an acidic environment enamel will wear more rapidly at very low pH, while under less acid conditions dentine will wear faster than enamel. 相似文献19.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effect of a fluoride-, stannous- and chitosan-containing (F/Sn/chitosan-) toothpaste (TP) on initial enamel erosion and abrasion.Methods
In total, 150 human premolar enamel specimens were ground, polished and divided into 5 toothpaste/rinse groups (n = 30): (G1) placebo-TP/tap water, (G2) sodium fluoride (NaF-) TP/tap water, (G3) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/tap water, (G4) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/Sn-rinse, (G5) NaF-TP/NaF-rinse. The 8-day erosion–abrasion cyclic treatment (one cycle/day) consisted of incubating the samples in artificial saliva (30 min), then submitting the samples to toothbrush abrasion (2 min incubation in toothpaste slurry; brushing with 20 toothbrush strokes) and rinsing (2 min; 10 ml) with the respective solution: tap water (G1–G3), Sn-rinse (G4) or NaF-rinse (G5). Afterwards, the samples were submitted to erosion (2 min; 30 ml 1% citric acid, pH = 3.6). Surface microhardness (SMH) was measured initially and after every abrasion and erosion treatment. Enamel substance loss was calculated after each abrasion. Non-parametric ANOVA followed by Wilcoxon rank tests were used for analysis.Results
G1 presented the greatest SMH decrease, while G4 presented the least SMH decrease (p < 0.001). G3 had a similar SMH decrease to G2 and G5. Substance loss was significantly lower in G4 than all other groups (p < 0.05), closely followed by G3. Both G2 and G5 showed similar calculated enamel substance loss to G1.Conclusion
The treatment with F/Sn/chitosan-TP and tap water provided a similar SMH decrease to both NaF-TP groups, but significantly lower substance loss. F/Sn/Chitosan-TP and Sn-rinse showed a better preventive effect, which promoted less SMH decrease and reduced substance loss.Clinical significance
The toothpaste containing fluoride, stannous and chitosan shows promising results in reducing substance loss from erosion and abrasion. The combination of this toothpaste with the stannous-containing rinse showed even better prevention against erosion–abrasion. 相似文献20.