固相萃取-反相HPLC法同时快速测定血浆中4种氟喹诺酮类药物

目的 建立同时快速测定人血浆中4种氟喹诺酮类药物(氟罗沙星、左氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星和环丙沙星)的方法 .方法 采用C<,18>固相萃取小柱萃取血浆中的4种氟喹诺酮类药物.色谱柱为ODS-BP柱(5 μ,250 mm×4.6 mm),流动相为含1.31 g/L L-异亮氨酸和0.80 g/L CuSO<,4>的水溶液-甲醇(80:20,V:V),激发波长为280 nm,发射波长为504 nm,流速为0.8 ml/min. 结果 4种氟喹诺酮类药物可良好分离,分离度达到1.5以上.4种药物的线性范围均是0.1-20 μg/ml,r均大于0.997 5,氟罗沙星、左氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星和环丙沙星的最小检测限依次分别为50 ng/ml、1 ng/ml、100 ng/ml、100ng/ml,萃取回收率均高于87.97%,方法 回收率均在95.40%与101.82%之间,日内RSD均小于3.7%,日间RSD均小于1.5%. 结论 固相萃取-反相HPLC法简便,灵敏度高,准确度高,精密度好,可用于氟喹诺酮类药物的快速测定.     

高效液相色谱法测定氟罗沙星葡萄糖注射液中氟罗沙星的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定氟罗沙星葡萄糖注射液中氟罗沙星含量的方法. 方法 选用C18柱;以三乙胺磷酸溶液(取三乙胺5 ml和磷酸7 ml,加水至1 000 ml)- 乙腈(82∶18)为流动相;检测波长:286 nm;流速:1.0 ml/min;柱温:25 ℃. 结果 氟罗沙星线性范围为5.16-36.12 μg/ml,回归方程为Y=147.68X 58.07(r=0.999 7);平均回收率99.79%,RSD 0.27%. 结论 该高效液相色谱测定法可用于氟罗沙星葡萄糖注射液中氟罗沙星的含量测定.     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中甲苯咪唑含量

目的建立固相萃取、反相高效液相色谱测定人血浆中甲苯咪唑的方法。方法血浆加入阿苯哒唑为内标,以0.5mol/L的硼砂NaOH缓冲液3ml碱化后经乙醚提取,固相萃取,进行HPLC测定,采用HypersilBDSC18(4.6mm×200mm5μm)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-0.1mmol/L(NH4)2SO4溶液(60∶40,V/V);流速1.0ml/min;检测波长310nm。结果甲苯咪唑血药浓度为0.05～1.6μg/ml,峰面积与血药浓度呈线性关系,方法平均回收率为97.21%。平均RSD为3.56%;最低检测限为0.02μg/ml。结论该方法符合生物样品分析要求,为甲苯咪唑的体内含量测定提供了一种简便、准确、灵敏度高的分析方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定星翳明片中丹皮酚含量

目的 用高效液相色谱法测定星翳明片中丹皮酚含量.方法 采用Kromasil C18(200mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇-水(V∶V=58∶42)为流动相,检测波长274nm,流速1.0mL/min. 结果线性范围0.4896～2.448μg(r=0.9999,n=5),平均回收率99.1 %,RSD为1.2%(n=6).结论 本法适合测定星翳明片中丹皮酚的含量.     

高效液相色谱法测定女贞子中齐墩果酸的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱外标法(HPLC)测定女贞子中齐墩果酸含量的方法。方法:采用安捷伦1100色谱系统,色谱柱为Phenomenix Luna C18柱(4.6×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇∶水∶冰乙酸(265∶35∶0.1,V/V),流速为0.8ml/min,检测波长为210nm,进样量20μl。结果:齐墩果酸在5～60μg/ml范围内具有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 8),平均回收率100.64%,RSD1.46%。结论:该方法简便、快速、准确、具有良好的重复性和回收率,可作为齐墩果酸的定量分析方法。     

新型二维高效液相色谱测定人血清伏立康唑浓度方法的建立与应用

目的建立全自动二维高效色谱法(2D-HPLC)测定血清中伏立康唑的浓度并应用于临床。方法第一维色谱柱为ASTON SC2柱(4.6mm×25mm,5μm),流动相为20mmol/L磷酸铵∶乙腈∶甲醇=3∶1∶1(V∶V∶V,磷酸调pH=5.4),流速1.2mL/min;第二维色谱柱为SHIMADZU C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为10mmol/L醋酸铵(三乙胺调pH7.0)∶10mmol/L醋酸铵(三氟乙酸调pH3.0)∶甲醇∶乙腈=30∶10∶10∶50(V∶V∶V∶V),流速1.0mL/min;中间柱为ASTON SH柱(3mm×10mm,5μm),辅助流动相为纯水。样品由一维色谱柱萃取,经中间柱捕获并转移至第二维色谱柱分析,检测波长256nm,柱温40℃,进样量200μL。结果伏立康唑在0.28～22.56μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 9,最低定量限为0.28μg/mL,方法回收率为99.01%～104.62%,提取回收率为85.81%～89.82%,日内、日间精密度RSD均小于9%。结论该方法操作简单、准确、灵敏,符合血清样品的测定要求,适用于伏立康唑临床血药浓度测定。     

SPE-RP-HPLC法测定田七跌打风湿软膏中栀子苷的含量

目的建立田七跌打风湿软膏中栀子苷的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱:D iscovoury C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-水-磷酸(体积比20∶80∶0.1),检测波长:238 nm,柱温:40℃;用C18固相萃取小柱对样品进行纯化。结果栀子苷的线性范围为0.12~0.72μg(r=0.9995),加样平均回收率为99.36%,RSD=1.2%。结论方法简便、准确、重现性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定新西兰兔血浆中硫辛酸浓度

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定新西兰兔血浆中硫辛酸的浓度.方法 新西兰兔采血后离心得血浆经酶水解化后,用Bakerphenyl固相萃取小柱提取血浆中硫辛酸,采用HPLC法紫外检测器检测.色谱柱为HYPERSIL BDS C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为磷酸二氢钾∶乙腈(50∶50,v/v),流速1.0 ml/min,检测波长230 nm.结果 测定方法在硫辛酸浓度为5～100 μg/L范围内具有良好线性关系,萃取回收率在77.4%～82.1%之间.日内、日间RSD在1.5%～8.9%之间.新西兰兔单剂量口服硫辛酸片300 mg0.5 h后测定血浆中硫辛酸浓度为11.08±1.79 μg/L.结论 本测定方法适用于口服硫辛酸的动物体内硫辛酸含量测定研究.     

HPLC法测定金果饮咽喉片中橙皮苷的含量

目的:建立HPLC法测定金果饮咽喉片中橙皮苷含量的方法。方法:色谱柱C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-醋酸-水(35∶4∶61),流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为283nm。结果:橙皮苷的线性范围为6~48μg/ml,r=0.99903;平均回收率为100.57%,RSD=0.99%。结论:本方法操作简便、准确,重复性好,可作为该制剂的定量分析方法。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定甲硝唑芬布芬胶囊中成分含量

目的应用高效液相色谱法同时测定甲硝唑芬布芬胶囊的两组分的含量。方法以Diamonsil C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)为固定相,甲醇-乙腈-水(45∶55∶35)(以磷酸调节pH到2.9)为流动相,检测波长为295nm。结果甲硝唑的线性范围为16.72μg/ml-83.6μg/ml,r=0.9999(n=5),芬布芬的线性范围为12.32μg/ml-61.6μg/ml,r=0.9999(n=5)。甲硝唑的平均回收率为99.00%,RSD=0.99%(n=5),芬布芬的平均回收率为99.25%,RSD=0.85%(n=5)。结论高效液相色谱法可用于甲硝唑芬布芬胶囊中甲硝唑与芬布芬的含量测定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.