神经肌肉电刺激联合吞咽训练综合治疗神经性吞咽障碍的研究

目的观察神经肌肉电刺激联合吞咽训练综合治疗神经性吞咽障碍的效果。方法将136例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各68例。治疗组采用Vitalstim吞咽障碍治疗仪进行神经肌肉电刺激,并联合吞咽训练,对照组采用单纯吞咽训练。治疗前后,采用洼田吞咽能力评定法对2组的治疗效果进行评估。结果治疗后2组均能改善吞咽障碍。总有效率:治疗组92.6%,对照组69.1%,2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经肌肉电刺激联合吞咽训练综合治疗神经性吞咽障碍的疗效优于单纯吞咽训练。     

神经肌肉电刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效观察

目的观察神经肌肉电刺激(NMES)治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的临床疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患者61例随机分为对照组和NMES组,对照组根据吞咽受累不同部位采用相应的训练方法,包括口颜面功能训练、咽部冷刺激、门德尔松吞咽法训练等,1次/d,20min/次,10次为1个疗程;NMES组在对照组治疗的基础上给予NMES治疗,采用双向方波,波宽为700ms,频率范围30~80 Hz可调,电流强度1~10mA,1次/d,30min/次,10次为1个疗程;治疗前后进行洼田饮水试验评估,根据试验评分进行吞咽功能分级。结果经3个疗程治疗后,2组饮水试验评定评分对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),2组吞咽功能均不同程度提高,对照组总有效率为70%,NMSE组为93.55%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论神经肌肉电刺激治疗可显著改善脑卒中患者吞咽功能,其疗效明显优于单纯吞咽功能训练。     

脑卒中后吞咽障碍的功能训练

我院2002年10月-2005年4月采用吞咽功能训练、进食调节并辅助针刺治疗52例脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患．获得较好疗效。[第一段]     

神经肌肉电刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍疗效观察

目的观察神经肌肉电刺激（Neuromuscular electrical stimulation,NMES）治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍（Dysphagia after stroke,DAS）的疗效。方法将经电视透视吞咽检查（Videofluoroscophic swallowing study,VFSS）确诊的60倒DAS患者随机分为两组,治疗组30例,对照组30倒。两组均给予常规内科治疗及传统康复治疗,治疗组同时给予NMES治疗,疗程为10d。比较两组治疗前、治疗10d的VFSS评分及治疗10d、治疗后1个月、治疗后6个月的疗效。结果治疗前两组VFSS评分比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;治疗10d,治疗组VFSS评分明显高于对照组,有效率、显效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗后1个月,两组有效率无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但治疗组显效率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）;治疗后6个月,两组吞咽障碍预后良好率无差异（P〉0．05）。结论NMES治疗DAS的近期疗效肯定,疗效可持续1个月。     

经皮电刺激联合功能训练治疗卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效比较

目的本研究旨在探讨经皮神经电刺激（TENS）联合吞咽功能训练治疗急性期、恢复期脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效评价,对比急、慢性期患者治疗的效果差异;以及对比急性期患者TENS联合治疗与单纯吞咽功能训练的疗效差异。方法118例脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的患者分为急性期治疗组和恢复期TENS联合功能训练治疗组（简称：恢复期联合治疗组）;其中急性期治疗组随机分为急性期TENS联合吞咽功能训练治疗组（简称：急性期联合治疗组）和急性期吞咽功能训练组（急性期功能训练组）两个亚组。三组均使用常规药物治疗和吞咽功能训练,除急性期吞咽功能训练组外其他两组在此基础上加用TENS治疗,疗程两周。在治疗前、治疗1周、治疗2周后采用吞咽x线电视透视检查吞咽功能进行评价。急性期联合治疗组、急性期吞咽功能训练组分别与恢复期联合治疗组比较;以及急性期两亚组间进行比较。结果治疗后2周急性期联合治疗组有效35例,有效率87．5％;急性期功能训练组有效32例,有效率82％;恢复期联合治疗组有效24例,有效率61．5％。急性期联合治疗组和急性期功能训练组均与恢复期联合治疗组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;但急性期两亚组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患者采用吞咽功能训练联合TENS治疗和单纯吞咽功能训练均有效改善脑卒中后的吞咽功能,急性期明显高于慢性期患者的疗效。但是急性期采用吞咽功能训练联合TENS与单纯吞咽功能训练的效果相当。     

神经肌肉电刺激对脑卒中后吞咽障碍的影响

目的探讨神经肌肉电刺激对脑卒中后吞咽障碍的影响。方法将吞咽功能评级≤5级的60例脑卒中患者按数字分组法分为治疗组与对照组各30例。对照组给予常规药物治疗吞咽功能训练,治疗组在此基础上采用Vitalstim电刺激治疗仪。对比2组临床效果。结果治疗组治疗有效率(96.7%)与对照组(63.3%)比较有明显差异(P0.05);与治疗前相比,2组治疗后吞咽功能评分均有所提高,但治疗组评分明显高于对照组(P0.05);治疗组喉上升减弱、误吸程度改善优于对照组(P0.05);2组食物残留量、进食量差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者经神经肌肉电刺激疗法治疗可明显提高患者的吞咽功能。     

低频电刺激吞咽障碍训练仪治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效观察

目的观察低频电刺激吞咽障碍训练仪治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效。方法 62例脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组31例。两组均给予常规吞咽康复训练治疗,观察组还给予低频电刺激吞咽障碍训练仪治疗。治疗4周后采用洼田饮水试验判断疗效,治疗2周、4周后分别进行标准吞咽功能评估法(SSA)评分检测。结果观察组洼田饮水试验示有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前观察组与对照组SSA评分的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗2周和4周后观察组、对照组SSA评分均明显低于治疗前,且治疗4周后的SSA评分更低(均P0.05)。治疗2周和4周后,观察组SSA评分均明显低于对照组(均P0.05)。结论使用低频电刺激吞咽训练仪治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍疗效较好,值得临床推广。     

吞咽神经肌肉电刺激联合舌压抗阻反馈训练对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的康复效果

目的 观察吞咽神经肌肉电刺激联合舌压抗阻反馈训练对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的康复效果。方法 回顾性纳入2019-01—2023-01商丘市第一人民医院治疗的124例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者,所有患者均进行摄食训练,对照组患者（n=62）增加吞咽神经肌肉电刺激,观察组患者（n=62）采取舌压抗阻反馈训练及吞咽神经肌肉电刺激。采用改良式钡剂吞咽障碍量表（MBSImP）评估患者的吞咽功能,使用表面肌电分析系统检测最大波幅值、吞咽时程,吞咽舌肌评估训练仪检测患者的舌压,采用电视X线透视评估舌骨喉复合体动度,对比2组临床疗效。结果 干预后观察组患者口腔期、咽期MBSImP评分均低于对照组,表面肌电图最大波幅值、吞咽时程优于对照组,舌压峰值、舌压平均值均高于对照组,舌压持续时长大于对照组,组间比较均有统计学差异（P<0.05）。相较于干预前及同期对照组,干预后观察组患者舌骨上移、前移水平升高（P<0.05）,而2组甲状骨上移、前移水平干预前后比较均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。观察组临床总有效率为90.32%,显著高于对照组的69.35%(P<0.05)。结论 脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者...     

吞咽康复训练联合抗抑郁药治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效观察

目的观察吞咽康复训练联合抗抑郁药治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法脑卒中后并发吞咽障碍133例住院患者随机分为治疗组（68例）和对照组（65例）,2组患者均接受神经内科常规治疗,1周内给予吞咽康复训练,治疗组在此基础上给予抗抑郁药帕罗西丁,起始剂量10吲d,早餐后服用,第2周增加至20mg／d。4周后进行疗效评定。结果治疗组有效率92．65％,对照组有效率76．93％,两组比较差异有统计学意义,x^2=6．64,P〈0．05。结论抗抑郁药帕罗西丁能明显提高脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效。     

神经肌肉电刺激对卒中性吞咽障碍疗效的研究

目的探讨神经肌肉电刺激对卒中性吞咽障碍患者的疗效。方法将200例吞咽功能评级5级及以下的脑卒中患者分为对照组67例和研究组133例,均给予常规药物治疗配合吞咽功能训练,研究组加用Vitalstim电刺激治疗仪。2个疗程后进行吞咽评级比较。结果研究组吞咽评级结果明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;加用神经肌肉电刺激治疗后,单侧大脑卒中组疗效优于双侧大脑卒中组;缺血性脑卒中组疗效优于出血性脑卒中组。结论神经肌肉电刺激疗法可明显提高卒中性吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,临床效果优于常规治疗。     

NMES对脑卒中急性期吞咽障碍的临床疗效观察

目的 观察神经肌肉电刺激(NMES)对脑卒中急性期吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法 选取脑卒中急性期吞咽障碍患者93例,按数字随机表法分为常规药物治疗组31例(组1)、常规吞咽训练组(组2)31例和NMES组(组3)31例; 3组患者均在治疗前和治疗2周后应用洼田饮水试验及电视X线透视进行吞咽功能检查。结果 治疗前3组患者洼田饮水试验分级及电视X线透视吞咽功能检查(VFSS)无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后3组患者洼田饮水试验分级及电视X线透视吞咽功能检查(VFSS)均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),其中组2、3更优于组1,组3更优于组2(P<0.05)。结论 NMES联合常规吞咽训练能明显改善脑卒中急性期吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能。     

吞咽康复训练治疗脑卒中后隐性误吸的疗效

目的观察吞咽康复训练治疗脑卒中后隐性误吸的疗效,以期减少卒中后肺炎发生率。方法将168例有隐形误吸的脑卒中病人随机分为2组,吞咽康复训练组108例,一般治疗组60例。对2组患者统计住院治疗2周时隐性误吸治疗有效率及PSP的发生率及治疗后1个月、2个月隐性误吸治疗有效率及PSP的新发生率。结果隐性误吸治疗的有效率,吞咽康复训练组治疗2周、1个月、2个月均显著高于一般治疗组(P0.05);PSP发生率,吞咽康复治疗组治疗2周、1个月、2个月低于一般治疗组(P0.01)。结论通过吞咽康复训练治疗能有效治疗卒中后隐性误吸,同时也可减少卒中后肺炎发生率。     

吞咽治疗仪联合肠内营养剂治疗卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效观察

目的 观察吞咽治疗仪联合肠内营养剂治疗对卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效.方法 将96例脑卒中后吞咽障碍的患者随机分为对照组、吞咽治疗仪组、肠内营养剂组及联合治疗组.各组均给予脑卒中常规药物治疗及鼻饲流质饮食;在此基础上,吞咽治疗仪组辅以吞咽治疗仪治疗,肠内营养剂组添加肠内营养制剂,联合治疗组同时辅以吞咽治疗仪治疗及添加肠内营制剂...     

Mylohyoid motor-evoked potentials relate to swallowing function after chronic stroke dysphagia

This work aimed to study mylohyoid motor-evoked potentials (MHMEPs) and examined if it is related to chronic stroke dysphagia. Conduction time (CT) and amplitudes of the right and left MHMEPs in response to focal cortical magnetic stimulations over affected and unaffected hemispheres were recorded in 16 stroke patients with aspiration (n = 9) or residue (n = 7) and compared with eight control patients. In control group, MHMEPs were present on ipsilateral and contralateral sides after stimulation of both hemispheres and permitted to determine a dominant hemisphere. In stroke patients, after stimulation of the affected hemisphere, ipsilateral MEPs had a longer CT and lower amplitudes in patients with aspiration compared with patients with residue or control patients (P < 0.05). Contralateral CT was not different between the three groups, but amplitudes were lower in patients with residue and aspiration than in control patients (P < 0.01). In the unaffected hemisphere, MHMEPs were present, and not different between the three groups for the ipsilateral side and amplitudes were decreased in contralateral side in patients with residue. In conclusion, MHMEP alterations of the affected hemisphere related to chronic stroke dysphagia severity and were closed to normal in the unaffected hemisphere.     

A combined approach of bedside clinical examination and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in poststroke dysphagia: A pilot study

Background:

As with most neurologic conditions, stroke involves impairment of the swallowing mechanism. This could be a spectrum of issues, the worst of which is aspiration. At the same time, the prolonged presence of a naso-gastric tube (NGT) has its own morbidity. Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is one reliable method to assess the structural and functional status of the oropharynx and larynx, during the swallowing process.

Objective:

To study the utility of FEES in decision-making with respect to resumption of oral intake in stroke patients. To document the findings of FEES in stroke patients, and to look for correlations between these and the site of stroke.

Materials and Methods:

Protocol insertion of naso-gastric tube in all stroke patients, at presentation. Initial assessment by a neurologist and swallowing therapist, depending on cognitive status of the patient. All patients underwent MRI Brain with diffusion weighted sequences. After detailed clinical examination, they underwent swallow exercises under the supervision of a trained swallowing therapist. The decision to remove NGT was taken clinically by the combined decision of neurologist and swallowing therapist. Then all patients underwent FEES by the ENT surgeon. The final decision for NGT removal was taken as per the FEES findings.

Result:

Sixteen stroke patients underwent the FEES procedure during a period of six months. The oropharyngeal and laryngeal findings varied depending on the area of stroke involvement. Of these, change in decision regarding swallowing rehabilitation or NGT removal was needed in four patients, following the FEES findings.

Conclusions:

FEES is an easy, efficient and reliable method to evaluate the swallowing status in stroke patients. In combination with good bedside clinical examination and swallow exercises, it can be a good tool in assessing patients with post- stroke dysphagia. Post-stroke rehabilitation and prevention of aspiration pneumonia can be effectively done with the help of FEES.